PKCbeta regulates ischemia/reperfusion injury in the lung

Activation of PKCbetaII is associated with the response to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), though its role, either pathogenic or protective, has not been determined. In a murine model of single-lung I/R, evidence linking PKCbeta to maladaptive responses is shown in the following studies. Homozygous PKCbeta-null mice and WT mice fed the PKCbeta inhibitor ruboxistaurin subjected to I/R displayed increased survival compared with controls. In PKCbeta-null mice, phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase-1 and -2 (ERK1/2), JNK, and p38 MAPK was suppressed in I/R. Expression of the immediate early gene, early growth response-1 (Egr-1), and its downstream target genes was significantly increased in WT mice in I/R, particularly in mononuclear phagocytes (MPs), whereas this expression was attenuated in PKCbeta-null mice or WT mice fed ruboxistaurin. In vitro, hypoxia/reoxygenation-mediated induction of Egr-1 in MPs was suppressed by inhibition of PKCbeta, ERK1/2, and JNK, but not by inhibition of p38 MAPK. These findings elucidate key roles for PKCbetaII activation in I/R by coordinated activation of MAPKs (ERK1/2, JNK) and Egr-1.     

Correlation between Postoperative Weight Loss and Diabetes Mellitus Remission: A Meta-Analysis

Objective

This meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effect of percent excess weight loss (%EWL) after bariatric surgery on diabetes remission.

Methods

The Cochrane Library, PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL were searched. All reports on %EWL involving humans and published in English between 1 January 1992 and 1 September 2013 were included in the analysis.

Results

Eight studies involving 1,247 patients who underwent bariatric surgery were selected. %EWL was positively associated with remission rate (WMD?=?11.15, 95 % CI: 6.73–15.56, p?Conclusions Patients with extensive weight loss were more likely to achieve T2DM remission after bariatric surgery. Further randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with uniform remission criterion should be performed to provide more reliable evidence.     

Clinical cohort study on renal pathological features and prognosis of type 2 diabetic kidney disease patients

Objective To analyze the relationship between renal pathological characteristics and clinical prognosis in type 2 diabetic kidney disease patients, and discuss predictive value of pathological type and indexes for renal function declining rate and related outcome events. Methods Ninety-two type 2 diabetes patients from PUMC Hospital (with macroalbuminuria and followed up no less than 6 months, excluding patients with non-diabetic renal disease) were divided into typical diabetic glomerulopathy group (DG, n=51) and atypical diabetes-related renal disease group(ADRD, n=41) according to renal pathological findings. A retrospective cohort study was performed to investigate renal pathological features and prognosis. Results Total of 29 renal outcome events and 12 death events occurred in DG group and none in ADRD group; the survival rate and kidney survival rate are different between two groups (P＜0.05); DG group, thick GBM, severe vascular and tubular lesion are predicative indicators for renal outcome event; mesangial volume fraction is predicative indicator for renal outcome events independent of age and serum creatinine. Conclusions DG and ADRD patients have different prognosis and might undergo different pathophysiological mechanisms; renal pathological type and mesangial volume fraction could help predicting outcomes of type 2 diabetic nephropathy patients.     

中药浴联合穴位按摩佐治小儿发热效果观察

目的观察中药浴联合穴位按摩辅助治疗小儿外感发热的临床效果。方法将174例急性上呼吸道感染致发热患儿随机分为对照组(88例)和观察组(86例),对照组在常规治疗的基础上,给予温水洗浴;观察组采用中药洗浴联合穴位按摩。结果两组患儿洗浴前后体温、解热时间比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。结论两种辅助治疗小儿发热的方法均有效,中药药浴联合穴位按摩治疗的临床效果优于温水洗浴。     

Surveying quality of life in patients with Fabry disease by the SF-36 scale

Objective To test the availability of the SF-36 scale for the Chinese patient with Fabry disease (FD), the quality of life(QOL) and its probable influence factors were analyzed. Methods The data were obtained from 50 healthy volunteers and 57 patients with FD enrolled in nephrology department of Ruijin hospital from Jan, 2003 to Jan, 2013. The SF-36 scale was used to evaluate the QOL of patients and to compare the difference between the patientsandcontrols. Furthermore, the influencing factors were estimated by multiple linear regressions. Results Between the patientsandcontrols, the differences of 8 dimensionalitiy's scores had statistical significance, which claimed that the reaction was sensitive. Especially, in the patient group, the Pearson correlation coefficient among each domain of the SF-36 was lower than its Cronbach's α coefficient (0.934), which indicated good internal consistency reliability. The two common factors were much the same to the theory assume, which illustrated the construct validity was available. Even the acceptability of the patient’ group at 100% proved the scale was appropriate for patients with FD. In addition, in role-physical (RP) and bodily pain (BP) , the scores of the male patients were less than the females (P﹤0.01), declared that the QOL of the males was inferior to the females. In the physical function (PF) and the mental health (MH), the scores of the patients with angiokeratoma were less than the group without it, so the patients who had evident clinical symptoms more likely contributed to depression. Using multiple linear regression, age, gender and clinical types were chosen into regression equation by stepwise regression, and the main potential predictor was age. Conclusions The SF-36 scale applies to evaluate the QOL of patients with FD. It is critical to concern and manage the QOL of FD patients, especially in their mental health aspect.     

针麻复合靶控输注对腹腔镜宫外孕手术病人术中心脏泵功能的影响

目的采用无创方法对患者血流动力学进行监测,探讨腹腔镜宫外孕手术中针麻复合靶控输注(target-controlled infusion,TCI)对心脏泵功能的影响。方法选择20例行腹腔镜宫外孕手术的患者作为研究对象,随机分为两组,每组10例。对照组行单纯TCI;观察组行TCI联合针刺合谷、内关。在维持相同麻醉深度的条件下,通过无创血流动力学监测患者麻醉前、诱导后插管前、插管时、气腹时、气腹毕以及苏醒时、拔管时的血流动力学指标,包括心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、每搏输出量(SV)、心输出量(CO)、体循环血管阻力(SVR)、胸腔液体量(TFC)。记录患者术中所用异丙酚和瑞芬太尼的用量。结果 1组内比较:对照组与基础值相比,插管前的HR、MAP、CO、SVR明显降低;插管时的MAP明显升高;气腹时HR、MAP、SVR明显升高;气腹毕的HR、CO明显降低;苏醒时HR、MAP、CO明显升高;拔管时的HR、MAP、CO明显升高。观察组与基础值相比,插管前的HR、MAP明显降低;气腹毕的HR明显降低。2组间比较:观察组在插管前的HR、SVR高于对照组,气腹时的HR、MAP低于对照组,苏醒及拔管时的HR、MAP、CO低于对照组。3观察组异丙酚和瑞芬太尼的用量小于对照组。结论在控制麻醉深度相同的条件下,针麻复合TCI能明显减轻术中血流动力学的波动,使血流动力学趋于稳定,并且能减少麻醉药物的用量。     

运动训练对心理应激机体肿瘤坏死因子α的影响

目的:心理应激因素可通过影响中枢神经和内分泌系统来改变机体免疫功能,而适当的应激干预手段可以改变应激对免疫机能的影响。通过对肿瘤坏死因子α(tumornecrosisfactorα,TNF-α)的检测,探讨运动训练对心理应激干预的免疫学机制。方法:实验于2003-09/2003-11在扬州大学体育学院体育心理学实验室完成,实验室为清洁级。健康雄性SD大鼠46只,体质量(240±30)g,SPF级,购于中科院上海动物研究中心许可证号:SCXK(沪)2003-0004。随机分为6组,即对照组、心理应激组、30min运动组、应激+30min运动组、60min运动组、应激+60min运动组(除30min运动组和应激+30min运动组每组7只外,其余每组各8只),分笼饲养,每笼3～4只;自然昼夜节律光照,饲养笼选用塑料制品,并配有不锈钢、塑料吸水瓶和铝吸水管、饲养温度15～16℃,国家标准固体混合饲料,自由饮食。结果:①经过2周的心理应激后,大鼠产生显著的身心变化,血清TNF-α的含量显著下降。②经过8周的运动训练后,大鼠血清TNF-α含量没有变化;同时,应激+30min运动组(1.451±0.188)μg/L和应激+60min运动组(1.696±0.246)μg/L的TNF-α的含量均显著高于应激组(1.293±0.166)μg/L,其中60min运动组最为明显(P<0.01)。结论:小运动负荷在正常状态下对机体免疫促进作用有限。但在心     

巢式PCR检测庚型肝炎病毒感染

目的探讨逆转录-巢式PCR研究庚型肝炎病毒(HGV)感染在我国南方人群中的分布。方法从HGV 5-′NCR区段设计了内、外引物对,运用逆转录-巢式PCR对来自我国南方深圳、广州和桂林三个城市总共403例,且来自不同人群组的血清/血浆标本中HGV RNA感染率进行了研究。结果献血员人群中HGV RNA的平均感染率为5.8%(11/189),其中职业献血员较义务献血员高〔9.7%(10/102)及1.1%(1/87)〕;静脉药瘾者、丙型肝炎、乙型肝炎患者人群中HGV感染率依次为50.8%(33/65)、24.0%(9/37)、2.5%(1/40);在具有严重程度不同的非A-E肝脏疾病患者中HGV RNA阳性检出率为12.5%(9/22)。结论HGV与HCV合并感染极其常见,可能与其具有共同的传播途径有关。追踪临床资料,发现HGV的感染并未加重丙型肝炎患者的病情;多次静脉滴注药物、输血/输液、血液透析所致医院感染均是引起我国人群中HGV分布较高的重要危险传播因素;HGV的致病性较弱,可能不是引起非A-E肝脏疾病的主要致病因素。     

浅谈踝关节损伤及预防

踝关节损伤,在关节损伤率中最高。因为从事运动时,踝关节为适应动作的需要,所承受的外力复杂多样,稍有不慎,由于自身用力不当或其它外力作用,就会使踝关节运动幅度超出解剖学限制的活动范围,即造成该关节急性损伤。因此,体育教师掌握踝关节的解剖学特点及损伤的原因和防治,对于在体育教学和运动训练中预防学生踝关节损伤事故的发生,是非常必要的。1踝关节的解剖学特点踝关节由胫、腓骨下断关节面形成的凹窝与距骨滑车构成。关节囊前后比较薄弱松弛,两侧紧。关节周围有韧带和肌腱加固,内侧呈三角形的韧带较坚韧,可防止小腿骨外移。外侧有距腓…