菩萨蛮——凌耀星教授九秩寿词

河滨兴学高楼上, 零陵师友同欢唱. 春雨杏花天, 花开东浦边.     

下肢缺血预处理对未成熟心肌的保护作用及其机制

目的　探讨下肢缺血预处理对未成熟心肌保护作用的机制。方法　采用双下肢缺血预处理 (DLIP)大白兔Langendorff离体心脏灌注模型。分为 4组 ,每组大白兔 6只 :E1组 ,动物麻醉后反复 3次阻断双下肢血流 5min ,松开 5min ,建立模型 ,灌注 15min转为工作心 15min ,全心停灌 45min ,恢复灌注 15min改为工作心 3 0min ;E2组 ,双下肢缺血预处理前静脉注射超氧化物歧化酶至双下肢缺血预处理完毕 ,重复E1组方法 ;E3组 ,静脉注射蛋白激酶C(PKC)阻滞剂多粘菌素B(PMB) ,时间 10min ,重复E1组方法 ;E4组 ,静脉注射ATP敏感性钾通道 (mitoKATP)阻滞剂(5 HD) ,时间 10min ,重复E1组方法。以左室功能恢复、心肌含水量、血清肌酸激酶 (CK )和乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)漏出率、心肌组织ATP和丙二醛 (MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性、心肌细胞内Ca2 含量、心肌线粒体钙依赖性ATP酶 (Ca2 ATPase)活性及其Ca2 含量、心肌线粒体合成ATP能力 [ATP] m、超氧阴离子自由基 (O2 -)作为观察指标。结果　E1组左心室功能恢复优于其他各组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,心肌ATP含量、SOD活性、Ca2 ATPase活性、[ATP] m 均优于其他各组 (P <0 .0 1) ,心肌含水量低于其他各组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,MDA含量、CK、LDH漏出率、心肌细胞内Ca2 含量、心肌     

复发性胶质瘤再手术治疗的探讨

目的 探讨复发性胶质瘤患者再手术的效果。方法 对22例复发性胶质瘤患者再手术前的功能状态、两次手术间隔时间及手术切除的程度与术后存活期等资料进行临床和统计学分析。结果 第二次手术前生活能自理或半自理的病人（Kamofsky计分≥60）平均生存期约16月，生活不能自理的病人（Kamofsky计分〈60）平均生存期约6月（P〈0．01）。两次手术间隔时间大于1年者平均生存期约17月，间隔时间小于半年者平均生存期约6月（P〈0．01）。手术肿瘤全切除者平均生存期约15月，次全切除者平均生存期约10月（P〈0．05）。结论 术前功能情况好，手术间隔时间大于1年及术中全切肿瘤者再手术治疗可获得较好效果。     

125I-抑制素在大鼠垂体和下丘脑的放射自显影研究

目的研究抑制素（INH）在体条件下能否通过大鼠的血脑屏障及在垂体或下丘脑的分布。方法采用颈静脉灌流和放射自显影技术，将20只SD大鼠分为4组，每组5只，第1～3组（实验组）颈静脉注射^125 I-INH50μl，第4（对照）组注射等量的生理盐水。第1，2，3组分别于注射后30，60和120min断头处死，取出垂体、下丘脑，以生理盐水洗涤，测量放射性计数，取放射性最大组的垂体与下丘脑组织行放射自显影分析。结果第1组垂体的放射性最高[（1008．00±5．78）Bq]，而第2和3组分别为（723．00±4．95）和（491．00±4．90）Bq；1～3组的下丘脑放射性分别为（20．00±1．01），（22．00±0．95）与（19．00±0．73）Bq。第4组垂体与下丘脑的放射性分别为（16．00±1．40），（15．00±0．98）Bq。各实验组大鼠垂体的放射性与对照组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），且在注射后30min放射性最大（第1组），60和120min后逐渐降低；而实验组与对照组大鼠的下丘脑放射性差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；放射自显影结果示，实验组大鼠的垂体组织上有明显的银颗粒，而对照组没有；实验组和对照组大鼠的下丘脑组织上均未见明显的银颗粒。结论^125I-INH能通过大鼠血脑屏障，垂体在注射后30min放射性最大，在大鼠垂体上有INH结合位点或受体，而在其下丘脑没有。     

还原型谷胱甘肽联合甘草酸二铵对腹部开放伤后海水浸泡犬肝功能损伤的治疗作用

Objective To investigate effect of reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate on the treatment of hepatic damage in experimental dogs following open abdominal injuries coupled with seawater immersion. Methods Twenty-four dogs with open abdominal injuries were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group (given with simple observation after 1.5 h seawater immersion); the routine treatment group (given routine care and fluid transfusion after 1.5 h seawater immersion) ; the hepatic treatment group (given routine are, fluid transfusion and hepatic treatment as well, after 1.5 h seawater immersion). Each group consisted of 8 dogs. Blood samples were taken at different time points to measure total bilirubin (TB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), prothromin time (PT), endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and pathological examination was also made at the same time. Results For the control group, contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH increased significantly and survival time was less than 24 hours. Contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH of the routine treatment group also increased significantly, but survival time of all the experimental animals was mere than 24 hours. Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate could reduce the extent of lesion quite significantly 12～24 hours following open abdominal injuries. Conclusions Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate seemed to have good effects on the treatment and prevention against hepatic damage induced by trauma coupled with seawater immersion. It could be used as a primary means for the treatment of such kind of hepatic damage.     

青少年儿童心理健康教育的研究初探

目的对青少年儿童开展有效的健康教育,促进青少年健康成长。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,利用心理健康水平测试的问卷对初中、高中阶段的中学生共3200人进行调查。结果有8%~12%的学生心理健康状况低于正常水平,特别是还有2%~8%的学生存在比较严重的心理困扰。结论随着社会的发展,青少年儿童心理问题日渐突出。有效开展心理健康教育既是青少年健康成长的需要,也是现代教育的必然要求,是社会发展对人的素质要求的需要。     

Two kinds of posterior approach for Kümmell's disease after osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture

To compare the surgical results of two kinds of posterior approach for osteoporotic thoracolum-bar Kummell's disease.Methods: Clinical and radiographic results of 1-seg-mental pedicle screw fixation combined with vertebroplasty (Group A, n=12) or posterior shortening osteotomy (Group B, n=16) for osteoporotic thoracolumbar Kummell's disease were analyzed retrospectively. Japanese orthopedic asso-ciation (JOA) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were used for clinical evaluation. Neurological status was judged by Frankel grades. X-ray was used to evaluate the radio-graphic results. Complications related to operation and de-vices were also considered. Results: The follow-up period was 12-54 months (average 29 months). Pre- and post-operative VAS were 9.3 and 3.2 in Group A, 8.9 and 2.5 in Group B, respectively. The mean JOA score at the final follow-up was significantly higher than that of pre-operation (t=5.306, P<0.001). There was no sig-nificant difference between Groups A and B (t=0.618, P>0.05). The kyphosis were corrected from preoperative 33.9°(A)/37.3°(B) to postoperative 10.3°(A)/6.5°(B), and 15.3°(A)/13.7°(B) at the final follow-up. There was a significant difference between the two groups at the final follow-up. Frankel grade was improved from grade C preoperatively to postopera-tively grade D or E in 7 cases of Group A and 5 cases of Group B, from grade D to E in 5 cases of Group A and 11 cases of Group B. The mean improvement was 1.6 and 1.7 grades for Groups A and B, respectively. There were no serious complications related to internal fixation. Conclusions: The similar clinical results can be ob-tained by the two kinds of posterior surgical methods for osteoporotic Ktimmell's disease. Posterior spinal shorten-ing is a better choice for patients with serious kyphosis combined with neurological deficit than the other.     

腹腔镜胃切除治疗胃间质瘤26例临床报告

目的:探讨腹腔镜胃切除术治疗胃间质瘤的安全性及可行性。方法:2003年8月至2007年9月间,26例胃间质瘤病人在腹腔镜下行胃部分切除手术,其中17例行胃楔形切除、6例近端胃切除、3例远端胃切除。结果:无中转开腹,无手术死亡。手术平均出血量15(10～75)ml,平均手术时间(144±74)min,平均切口长度(5.5±1.5)cm,平均术后住院日为(8.3±3.6)d。手术并发症发生率7.69%(2/26),其中1例肺感染、1例切口感染。病理结果:极低度风险8例、低度风险12例、中度风险4例、高度风险2例。随访3～48个月,2例病人出现肝转移、现带瘤生存,其余无瘤生存,目前总生存率100%,复发率7.69%(2/26),3年无瘤生存率96.0%。结论:腹腔镜下胃切除术治疗胃间质瘤是安全、可行的,手术近期疗效令人满意,远期结果有待进一步观察。     

颌骨陈旧性骨折与发育畸形同期联合治疗

目的探讨陈旧性骨折与颌骨畸形同期联合手术治疗的可行性。方法伴有颌骨发育畸形的陈旧性骨折患者，在骨折手术复位的同时行上颌LeFort-I截骨术下颌矢状劈开术（SSRO），治疗发育畸形。结果6例患者术后均I期愈合。术前术后投影测量指标显示，患者正侧貌、审美平面及鼻唇角等指标有明显改善。结论在修复颌骨创伤畸形的同时，解决了颌骨发育畸形所带来的形态及功能障碍，陈旧性骨折与颌骨畸形同期联合治疗是可行的。     

乳腺纤维腺瘤的MRI表现及与病理对照

目的观察乳腺纤维腺瘤的多种MRI表现，分析其病理基础，从而加深对纤维腺瘤的认识，提高MRI诊断准确率。方法对33例乳腺纤维腺瘤患者（38个病灶），行常规MR平扫和动态增强检查。所有病例均经病理证实，分析比较病灶的MRI形态学、信号强度及其动态增强特点等。结果33例38个乳腺纤维腺瘤的形态学表现以分叶状、类圆形为主，占89．5％（34／38）。MRI显示内部信号多较均匀，T1WI呈等、低信号，T2WI信号多样化，高信号者的黏液样变明显（平均指数1．9），间质细胞丰富（平均指数2．2）；呈低信号者间质多硬化，间质细胞分布稀疏。不同信号强度的2种指数差异有统计学意义（x^2值分别为11．267、10．415，P值均〈0．05）。肿瘤有完整的包膜，边界多清晰者占86．8％（33／38）。增强后无或轻度强化（5／38）、明显强化（33／38）；不同强化曲线的2种指数差异无统计学意义（x^2=1．171、2．861，P〉0．05）。强化程度与患者的年龄构成有一定的相关性，年龄较轻者，强化多明显。无强化分隔者（9／33），是由于瘤体内部间质纤维组织胶原化形成。结论乳腺纤维腺瘤的MR T2WI信号及强化程度表现多样化，和其瘤体内黏液硬化程度及间质细胞含量相关。认识纤维腺瘤的特征性MRI表现有助于鉴别诊断。