19例 CRT（CRT－D）植入术患者的围手术期护理配合

探讨CRT(CRT-D)植入术患者的围手术期护理配合。收集心内科19例CRT(CRT-D)植入术患者的基本资料及术前、术中、术后的护理资料,强调心理护理、个性化护理、专科护理特点。19例CRT(CRT-D)植入术患者顺利度过围手术期,为我们以后的护理提供了宝贵的经验。通过本次研究,积累了关于双室再同步化治疗后的护理经验,提高患者及护理安全。     

获取高质量生物样品图象的电镜技术浅析

获取高分辨率和高反差的生物样品电镜图象受许多因素的影响,它包括切片厚度的选择,电镜的校直合轴、加速电压的选择、以及聚焦方法和曝光时间等。除生物样品制备技术这一重要因素外,必须考虑到上述各因素间的相互关系及其综合选择、然后才有可能获得高质量的生物样品的超微结构图象。     

独活种子发芽特性研究

目的探讨独活种子的发芽率低的原因,以及适宜发芽条件,为大田生产奠定基础。方法采用去果皮、清水以及GA浸种等方法处理种子,在不同的温度和光照条件下,检测种子的发芽情况。结果清水浸种24h可提高发芽率13.7%,去果皮可提高种子发芽率10.6%;在浸种24h条件下,与暗培养相比,光照可提高发芽率16.6%;适宜发芽温度为20℃,高温对独活种子萌发具有抑制作用。结论独活种子中存在发芽抑制物质,光照可促进种子发芽。     

丹皮酚的药理作用及机制

丹皮酚是从牡丹根皮中提取的有效活性成分,近年来的研究表明,其不仅对呼吸系统、循环系统、内分泌系统的多种疾病具有治疗作用,同时具有明显的抗肿瘤作用。因此对其主要药理作用及相关作用机制进行了综述。     

深圳市2017年-2019年常住居民恶性肿瘤死因分析

目的 分析深圳市恶性肿瘤死亡特征和分布情况,为政府制定恶性肿瘤的防控策略提供参考依据.方法 采用国际疾病分类标准(ICD-10)进行编码分类,运用描述流行病学研究,对2017年1月1日-2019年12月31日深圳市常住居民恶性肿瘤10 612例死亡病例进行分析,分别计算死亡率、死因顺位等.结果 2017年-2019年间...     

Prevalence and risk factors for postinfectious cough in discharged patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

BackgroundCough is one of the most common symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the prevalence of persistent cough in recovered patients with COVID-19 during a longer follow-up remained unknown. This study aims to investigate the prevalence, and risk factors for postinfectious cough in COVID-19 patients after discharge.MethodsWe conducted a follow-up study for 129 discharged patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in two large hospitals located in Hubei Province, China from January 2020 to December 2020. Baseline demographics, comorbidities and smoking history were extracted from the medical record. Current symptoms and severity were recorded by a uniform questionnaire. Spirometry, diffuse function and chest computed tomography (CT) were performed on part of patients who were able to return to the outpatient department at follow-up.ResultsThe median (interquartile range) follow-up time was 8.1 (7.9–8.5) months after discharge. The mean (standard deviation) age was 51.5 (14.9) years and 57 (44.2%) were male. A total of 27 (20.9%) patients had postinfectious cough (>3 weeks), 6 patients (4.7%) had persistent cough by the end of follow-up, including 3 patients with previous chronic respiratory diseases or current smoking. Other symptoms included dyspnea (6, 4.7%), sputum (4, 3.1%), fatigue (4, 3.1%), and anorexia (4, 3.1%) by the end of follow-up. Thirty-six of 41 (87.8%) patients showed impaired lung function or diffuse function, and 39 of 50 (78.0%) patients showed abnormal CT imaging. Patients with postinfectious cough demonstrated more severe and more frequent cough during hospitalization (P<0.001), and more chronic respiratory diseases (P=0.01). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, digestive symptoms during hospitalization [odds ratio (OR) 2.95, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10–7.92] and current smoking (OR 6.95, 95% CI: 1.46–33.14) were significantly associated with postinfectious cough of COVID-19.ConclusionsA small part of patients developed postinfectious cough after recovery from COVID-19, few patients developed chronic cough in spite of a higher proportion of impaired lung function and abnormal lung CT image. Current smoking and digestive symptoms during hospitalization were risk factors for postinfectious cough in COVID-19.     

Sleep‐disordered breathing in heart failure patients with different etiologies

BackgroundThe prevalence of sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) is closely related to the severity of heart failure (HF), and the severity of HF is different in patients with HF of different etiologies. Hypothesis: This study aimed to explore the prevalence of SDB in patients with HFof different etiologies.MethodsHospitalized HF patients were consecutively enrolled. All patients underwent portable overnight cardiorespiratory polygraphy. Patients were divided into five groups according to the etiology of HF: ischemic, hypertensive, myocardial, valvular, and arrhythmic. The prevalence of SDB and clinical data was compared among the five groups.ResultsIn total, 248 patients were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of SDB in HF was 70.6%, with the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) at 47.6% and central sleep apnea (CSA) at 23.0%. Patients were divided into five groups: ischemic, hypertensive, myocardial, valvular, and arrhythmic. The prevalence of SDB among the five groups was 75.3%, 81.4%, 77.8%, 51.9%, and 58.5% (p = .014), respectively. The prevalence of OSA among the five groups was 42.7%, 72.1%, 36.1%, 37.0%, and 49.1% (p = .009), whereas the CSA was 32.6%, 9.3%, 41.7%, 14.8%, and 9.4% (p < .001), respectively.ConclusionsSDB is common in HF patients. The prevalence and types of SDB varied in HF with different etiologies, which may be related to the different severities of HF. SDB was highly prevalent in patients with ischemic, hypertensive, and myocardial HF. Hypertensive HF patients were mainly complicated with OSA, while myocardial HF patients were mainly complicated with CSA. Both conditions were highly prevalent in ischemic HF patients. The prevalence of SDB was relatively low in valvular and arrhythmic HF patients, and OSA was the main type.     

Theoretical and Experimental Models to Evaluate the Possibility of Corrosion Resistant Concrete for Coastal Offshore Structures

This study built theoretical and practical models to evaluate the corrosion resistance of concrete for coastal offshore structures in Vietnam. A mathematical model was developed in the form of a system of nonlinear partial differential equations characterizing the diffusion “free calcium hydroxide” in a solid of a concrete structure. The model describes the process of non-stationary mass conductivity observed in the “concrete structure—marine environment” system under non-uniform arbitrary initial conditions, as well as combined boundary conditions of the second and third kind, taking into account the nonlinear nature of the coefficients of mass conductivity k and mass transfer β. It was shown that the solution of the boundary value problem of non-stationary mass conductivity allows us to conclude about the duration of the service life of a concrete structure, which will be determined by the processes occurring at the interface: in concrete—mass conductivity, depending on the structural and mechanical characteristics of hydraulic structures, and in the liquid phase—mass transfer, determined by the conditions of interaction at the interface of the indicated phases.     

血流重建术对成人烟雾病患者抑郁焦虑状态的影响

目的 探讨血流重建术对成人烟雾病患者抑郁、焦虑状态和脑灌注的影响,并分析抑郁、焦虑状态改变与脑灌注变化的相关性.方法 连续纳入2015年1月至2016年6月我院收治的成人烟雾病患者64例,其中手术治疗42例(联合血流重建组16例、间接血流重建组26例),保守治疗22例(保守治疗组).在入院时、治疗6个月(±1个月)和治...     

P2Y12 inhibitor pretreatment in patients with nonST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: A meta-analysis

Background:The 2020 European Society of Cardiology guidelines do not recommend pretreatment for nonST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients with unclear coronary anatomy, which is inconsistent with our routine preoperative approach to loading P2Y12 receptor inhibitors (e.g., preoperative loading of 300 mg of clopidogrel).Objectives:The purpose of our study was to compare the safety and effectiveness of P2Y12 inhibitors administered before coronary angiography or at least before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with during or after PCI.Methods:Cochrane, PubMed, and Embase databases were searched. The primary effect endpoint and safety endpoint were any-cause death and major bleeding, respectively. Major adverse cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and revascularization were also analyzed.Results:Our search identified 9 trials. P2Y12 inhibitor pretreatment was associated with lower death from any cause (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.53–0.72, P < 0.00001) without increasing the risk of bleeding (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.80–1.30, P = 0.89). However, prasugrel or ticagrelor pretreatment was not associated with a lower risk of mortality (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.31–1.59, P = 0.40) and increased the risk of bleeding (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.10–2.54, P = 0.02).Conclusions:In summary, clopidogrel pretreatment was associated with significantly lower mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction and revascularization with no increase in major bleeding. However, these advantages were not observed with prasugrel or ticagrelor pretreatment.