两种不同方法定位肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞的临床观察

目的 观察经肩胛舌骨肌定位和运用神经刺激器定位肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞两种方法的临床效果。方法 选择ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级的择期上肢手术患者60例，随机分为两组：I组（30例）通过肩胛舌骨肌定位穿刺点寻找异感；Ⅱ组（30例）使用神经刺激器定位肌间沟臂丛神经，观察肌肉节律性收缩。两组分别观察进针深度，阻滞效果及不良反应。I组还同时观察肩胛舌骨肌触摸难易度，穿刺部位以及一次异感获得率等。结果 I组肩胛舌骨肌触摸容易者27例（90％），穿刺部位距锁骨上缘1.6-3.1cm，进针深度0.5-1.5cm，一次获得异感26例（87％），阻滞效果完善，无不良反应。Ⅱ组有28例阻滞完善，另2例阻滞不全，2例出现不良反应。结论 运用神经刺激器定位肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞切实可行。而以肩胛舌骨肌定位肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞定位明确，效果满意，简单易行。     

经尿道等离子双极电切术和TURP治疗BPH术后阴茎勃起功能障碍的比较

目的探讨经尿道等离子双极电切术(PKRP)治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)术后对阴茎勃起功能的影响。方法PKRP、经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)治疗BPH各95例,评价其术后1个月、3个月及1年阴茎勃起功能。结果PKRP、TURP术后1个月、3个月及1年阴茎勃起功能障碍(ED)发生率分别是3．2％、2．1％、2．1％和13．7％、10．5％、9．5％。结论PKRP术后ED发生率比TURP低,是一种对阴茎勃起功能较为安全的治疗良性前列腺增生的方法。     

The CLDN5 locus may be involved in the vulnerability to schizophrenia.

The present study was designed to detect three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located on 22q11 that was thought as being of particularly importance for genetic research into schizophrenia. We recruited a total of 176 Chinese family trios of Han descent, consisting of mothers, fathers and affected offspring with schizophrenia for the genetic analysis. The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) showed that of three SNPs, rs10314 in the 3'-untranslated region of the CLDN5 locus was associated with schizophrenia (chi(2) = 4.75, P = 0.029). The other two SNPs, rs1548359 present in the CDC45L locus centromeric of rs10314 and rs739371 in the 5'-flanking region of the CLDN5 locus, did not show such an association. The global chi-square (chi(2)) test showed that the 3-SNP haplotype system was not associated with schizophrenia although the 1-df test for individual haplotypes showed that the rs1548359(C)-rs10314(G)-rs739371(C) haplotype was excessively non-transmitted (chi(2) = 5.32, P = 0.02). Because the claudin proteins are a major component for barrier-forming tight junctions that could play a crucial role in response to changing natural, physiological and pathological conditions, the CLDN5 association with schizophrenia may be an important clue leading to look into a meeting point of genetic and environmental factors.     

网络化人类精子库管理信息系统的建立与应用

目的 :建立网络化人类精子库管理信息系统。　方法 :用SQLServer2 0 0 0和PowerBuilder 8.0开发人类精子库管理信息系统。　结果 :系统形成了档案管理、体检与检查管理、检验与冷冻管理、供应与随访管理 4个模块 ,系统以远程传输与实时监控的方法控制和管理供应点。　结论 :本系统具有数据容量大、安全性能好、保密性能强 ,具有远程传输与实时监控功能     

截骨矫形"∩"形钉内固定治疗关节畸形55例

目的探讨肘、膝、踝关节内外翻畸形的治疗方式。方法对55例8～16岁的关节内、外翻畸形患儿(肘关节30例，膝15例，踝10例)，采用肘外侧切口，踝、膝内外侧切口，截骨矫形，1枚或2枚“∩”形钉内崮定治疗，术后石膏托外固定4周，结果随访50例，随访时间3～24个月，截骨均达到骨性愈合，无一例发生感染，内固定松动临床疗效优48例(96％)，良2例(4％)。结论用“∩”形钉作为截骨矫形内固定材料．具有操作简单、损伤小、效果好的优点。     

扇形额肌筋膜瓣悬吊治疗上睑下垂

目的：探计上睑下垂的较好治疗方法，以改进治疗效果方法：设计井应用扇形额肌筋膜瓣悬吊治疗上睑下垂，结果应用本方击治疗上睑下垂83倒，126只眼，致采满意。其中43例经3个月-10年随访，除3例(4只眼)下垂复发外，其余均取得了良好效果，未见其他并发症发生。结论：本方法的主要特点是扇形筋膜瓣有丰富的血供，并且能均衡覆盖在睑板上以充分上提上睑，符合生理和解音4的要求。     

ATP下鼻甲注射治疗药物性鼻炎的价值

目的 探讨ATP下鼻甲注射治疗药物性鼻炎的价值,并对ATP治疗药物性鼻炎的机理进行分析。方法 对80例采用ATP下鼻甲注射治疗(ATP组)与40例采用激光治疗(激光组)作疗效比较。结果 ATP组有效率(95％),与激光组(100％),疗效相当,无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论ATP下鼻甲注射治疗药物性鼻炎疗效佳,起效快,痛苦小,简便易行,费用低廉,且无毒、副作用,值得推广。     

模拟微重力对大鼠肺T淋巴细胞功能的影响

目的 研究模拟微重力对肺T淋巴细胞功能的影响及机制.方法 分离大鼠肺T淋巴细胞,利用旋转式细胞组织培养系统(RCCS)即旋转生物器模拟微重力条件;采用酶联免疫吸附技术(双抗体夹心ELISA法)测定γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)生成;采用流式细胞技术检测表面抗原CD69.结果 普通细胞培养容器组培养的T淋巴细胞,刀豆球蛋白A(ConA)组与对照组比较,T淋巴细胞蛋白激酶C(PKC)活性增强,IFN-γ生成增加,表面表达CD69的细胞数目增多(t=11.11、19.86、15.42,P＜0.01);模拟微重力条件下,与普通细胞培养容器培养的T淋巴细胞相比较,ConA刺激后,PKC活性减低,IFN-γ生成减低,表面表达CD69细胞数目减少(t=7.69、6.73、7.63,P＜0.01);而在模拟微重力条件下,加入PKC特异的激动剂12-肉豆蔻酰-13-乙酸佛波酯(PMA)和ConA共同培养的T淋巴细胞组,与同样条件下ConA组相比,PKC活性略增强、IFN-γ生成的量、表面表达CD69的细胞数目增加(t=5.42、5.91、5.27,P＜0.01).结论 模拟微重力条件下,T淋巴细胞的激活受到抑制;PMA对T淋巴细胞的功能有部分恢复作用.     

Differential risks of subsequent vascular events for transient ischaemic attack and minor ischaemic stroke.

Using a prospective hospital-based registry, 146 patients with transient ischaemic attack (TIA) were compared with 376 patients with minor first-ever ischaemic stroke with respect to the 3-month risk of subsequent vascular events, in order to clarify the distinctions between the disease entities. All patients were enrolled within 48 h of onset. The risk factor distribution for the two groups was comparable, except that the TIA patients had more previous TIAs. Large artery atherosclerosis (34%) and small vessel occlusion (32%) were the main aetiologies in the TIA group, whereas small vessel occlusion (49%) was the major cause in the stroke group. The 3-month risk of combined endpoints of stroke, myocardial infarction, and vascular death for TIA patients was higher than that for the minor stroke group (15.1% vs. 3.2%; hazard ratio 4.6, 95% confidence interval 2.3-9.3 in multivariate analysis). Large artery atherosclerosis and male sex were the other significant predictors. TIA may demand more urgent management than minor stroke. The fact that aetiology is a predictor, highlights the need for rapid diagnostic tests to establish pathogenesis.