前次妊娠期糖尿病临床特征对再次妊娠复发性糖尿病影响

目的:分析前次妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的临床特征对再次妊娠糖尿病复发影响。方法:回顾性收集2017年1月-2019年10月本院产科常规产前检查且前次妊娠诊断为GDM的306例产妇临床资料,根据本次妊娠GDM诊断标准分为复发性GDM组与血糖正常组,再根据葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)各时间点血糖水平将复发性GDM组分为复发性GDM A组(单纯FPG异常)、复发性GDM B组(FPG正常但1hPG或/和2hPG异常)、复发性GDM C组(FPG异常,同时合并1hPG或/和2hPG异常)。比较各组前次妊娠临床特点与复发关系。结果:复发性GDM组与血糖正常组年龄、产次间隔≥5年比例、前次妊娠FPG、1hPG、2hPG值及OGTT异常类型比例、前次妊娠应用胰岛素比例均有差异(P<0.05),而前次妊娠前体质指数、妊娠期增重及早产发生情况无差异(P>0.05);年龄≥35岁、前次妊娠2hPG>9.10mmol/L、1hPG或(和)2hPG异常及FPG+1hPG或(和)2hPG异常是复发性GDM的危险因素(P<0.05),而产次间隔≥5年、前次妊娠OGTT FPG>5.35mmol/L、1hPG>10.59mmol/L、前次妊娠应用胰岛素与复发性GDM无相关性(P>0.05);复发性GDM C组与A组年龄、前次妊娠OGTT 1hPG、2hPG值有差异(P<0.05),而复发性GDM C组与B组、B组与A组比较无差异(P>0.05);复发性GDM A组、B组、C组前次妊娠OGTT异常类型构成比有差异(P<0.001),产次间隔时间≥5年、前次妊娠早产、应用胰岛素比例无差异(P>0.05);年龄≥35岁及前次妊娠FPG+1hPG或(和)2hPG异常是GDM复发时血糖异常类型高等级的危险因素(P<0.05),前次妊娠OGTT 1hPG>10.59mmol/L、2hPG>9.10mmol/L、前次妊娠1hPG或(和)2hPG异常与复发性GDM孕妇OGTT异常类型无相关性(P>0.05)。结论:孕妇年龄、前次妊娠OGTT 2hPG值及异常类型可能会影响再妊娠复发性GDM的发生率及严重程度。     

Role for macrophage migration inhibitory factor in acute respiratory distress syndrome

The critical role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in mediating inflammatory lung injury in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been raised recently. The present study has identified enhanced MIF protein expression in alveolar capillary endothelium and infiltrating macrophages in lung tissues from ARDS patients. The possibility that MIF up-regulates its synthesis in an autocrine fashion in ARDS was tested using cultured endothelial cells stimulated with MIF and a murine model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury. MIF induced significant MIF and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha synthesis in cultured endothelial cells and the effect was blocked by neutralizing anti-MIF antibody. A similar blocking effect was observed when MIF-stimulated endothelial cells were pretreated with neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibody or glucocorticoid, supporting the notion that MIF induced TNF-alpha production via an amplifying pro-inflammatory loop. Treatment with anti-MIF or glucocorticoid effectively attenuated pulmonary pathology and the synthesis of MIF or TNF-alpha in mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury. Mildly augmented expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) was also detected in alveolar capillary endothelium in ARDS. In vitro studies revealed that both MIF and TNF-alpha induced a small increase of AQP1 synthesis in cultured endothelial cells. These findings suggest that MIF plays a crucial pathological role leading to alveolar inflammation in ARDS. Anti-MIF and early glucocorticoid therapy may represent a novel therapeutic approach for reducing alveolar inflammation in ARDS.     

Familial Transmission of Alcohol Use Norms and Expectancies and Reported Alcohol Use

Members of 183 families (biological parents and one adult offspring) completed questionnaires on their quantity and frequency of alcohol use, what they would consider a "normal" quantity-frequency of alcohol use, "problem" quantity-frequency of use, flushing after alcohol use, and other expected physiological and subjective responses to alcohol. Within individuals, own quantity-frequency of alcohol use was moderately negatively correlated with flushing after one drink or less ("fast flushing"), but more highly positively correlated with judged normal alcohol use and with expected subjective effects. Spouse resemblances were low for quantity-frequency of alcohol use and flushing, but high for alcohol use norms and expected physiological and subjective responses. Parent-offspring resemblances were low to moderate for own alcohol use and flushing, but moderate to high for expected physiological and subjective effects. These results were discussed in terms of the effects of genetically transmitted flushing after alcohol use and culturally transmitted alcohol norms and expectations on alcohol use.     

Site of bone density measurement may affect therapy decision

Summary The purpose of this study was to determine whether bone mineral density (BMD) measurements at the lumbar spine and femoral neck provided comparable information to women planning to use that knowledge to help them make a decision about hormone replacement therapy. Eighty-eight healthy Caucasian women, aged 44–59 and within 0 to 5 years of menopause, participated in the study. BMD measurements were performed at the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and the femoral neck by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Criteria suggested by the National Osteoporosis Foundation were used to categorize women as at risk for osteoporosis, bone density more than one standard deviation (SD) below the young adult mean, or as low risk, bone density at or above this level. The re that 46 women would be classified into the low risk category on the basis of spinal BMD alone. However, 28 of these 46 women would fall into the at risk category when the femoral neck BMD was measured. Sixty-one percent of women informed they were at low risk on the basis of spinal BMD would be considered at risk based on femoral neck BMD. When femoral neck BMD was used as the primary risk indicator, 14% of the women classified as low risk would be at risk if spinal BMD were added. These results suggest that both lumbar spine and proximal femur measurements should be made when women are using bone density measurements as an aid in deciding whether or not to use hormone therapy in their postmenopausal years.     

Ocular findings in beta-thalassemia

Eye examination was performed in a series of 53 patients whose mean age was 19.5 years (range from 11 to 25 years), affected from Cooley's disease, in treatment with transfusions and desferrioxamine in subcutaneous infusion. The most frequent ocular change was fundus mottling appearance like "leopard skin" (15%). We found also lens opacity (11%), drusen (7%), retinal venous tortuosity (5%), without impairment of visual acuity. The pathogenic factors of the ocular change are related to abnormality of iron metabolism. These results suggest that the involvement of desferrioxamine to remove iron from the eyeball is relatively small.     

毫米波辐射对白血病细胞的细胞结构、自由基和bcl-2基因表达的影响

目的 研究毫米波辐射对白血病细胞株的细胞结构、培养体系中的氧化自由基和抗氧化酶系,以及bcl-2基因表达的影响。方法 电镜显微技术研究细胞结构的变化,AnnexinV/PI双染法结合流式细胞术分析细胞株凋亡和坏死,硫代巴比妥酸（TBA）法和邻苯三酚法测定细胞株培养体系中的脂质过氧化物（LPO）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的含量变化;流式细胞仪结合荧光标记抗体检测bcl-2基因表达。结果 毫米波辐射使白血病细胞株细胞结构产生显著的退行性变化,显著诱导细胞凋亡和坏死,抑制细胞活力,脂质过氧化物含量上升,SOD含量下降,bcl-2基因的表达显著下降。结论 毫米波辐射有明显的诱导白血病细胞凋亡的效应,其机制与辐射后氧化自由基水平上升、抗氧化酶系活性下降及bcl-2基因的表达下降有关。     

切应力作用下联合培养的血管内皮细胞血管假性血友病因子的含量变化

目的：研究切应力对与血管平滑肌细胞联合培养的内皮细胞的抗凝血和粘附的影响。方法：对与平滑肌细胞联合培养的内皮细胞施加生理范围的切应力,用免疫组化及图像分析法检测内皮细胞的血管假性血友病因子（ｖＷＦ）含量。结果：联合培养的内皮细胞ｖＷＦ的变化与切应力大小及作用时间有关,随切应力增大,胞内ｖＷＦ含量逐渐减少,且切应力作用的第１小时减少的最快。结论：生理范围的切应力作用,可能减少与平滑肌细胞联合培养的内皮细胞的ｖＷＦ表达,或促使ｖＷＦ短时释放加快,有利于增强抗凝血功能及内皮细胞的粘附。     

心先安对心功能不全的疗效观察

目的：观察大剂量,短疗程心先安（ＭｃＡＭＰ）治疗慢性心功能不全（ＣＨＦ）疗效。方法：应用大剂量ＭｃＡＭＰ治疗５２例ＣＨＦ患者,前后应用无创心功能检测进行对比分析。结果：用药后心脏除左室收缩功能、心泵功能改善,血管外周阻力（ＴＰＲ）降低外（Ｐ〈０．００１）,左室舒张末压降低,心舒张功能亦好转（Ｐ〈０．０５）,临床心功能改善,总 率６７．３１％。结论：大剂量心先安是治疗ＣＨＦ的有效药物之一。     

天麻丸中天麻的显微定量研究

目的 :制定天麻在天麻丸中的显微定量标准。方法 :用显微定量法 ,以天麻的木化厚壁细胞为显微特征物 ,对天麻丸中的天麻进行测定。结果 :天麻含量与每mg特征数呈显著的线性正相关。回归方程为 y =6 2 35x 1 80× 10 -3 (γ =0 9999,a =0 0 5 )。结论 :显微定量法测定天麻丸中天麻的含量是可行的 ,结果可靠。     

Comparison of topoisomerase I and II expression in primary brain tumor and lung cancer

Topoisomerase I (TOP I) and II (TOP II) activities and their corresponding levels were analyzed in 27 primary brain tumors and 32 lung cancers (28 NSCLC, 4 SCLC). The TOP I and II activities in primary brain tumors varied from 500-2,000 units/mg and 100-3,000 units/mg respectively. Their corresponding levels varied from <0.01-3.30 (TOP I) and 0.24-8.30 (TOP II) arbitrary units. In lung cancer, the TOP I and II activities ranged from 1,000-4,000 and 500-4,000 units/mg respectively with their levels ranging from 0.30-61.60 and 0.2-14.2 arbitrary units respectively. These parameters were compared in both tumors using the Wilcoxon rank sums test, the difference were statically significance for all four parameters with a p<0.0001 for TOP I and II activities and TOP I levels and p<0.09 for TOP II levels. Using linear regression analysis, there was no correlation between TOP I and II activities and their corresponding levels in primary brain tumor. However, in lung cancer, the relationship between TOP I activities and levels were linear with r(2)=0.2 and p<0.0094, but not for TOP II activity and their levels. There was no relationship between TOP I and TOP II levels in the same tumor for both types of cancer. The future clinical implication of these findings are discussed.