乙型肝炎病毒X基因蛋白诱导人类白细胞抗原DR表达

乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)所致的肝细胞坏死,被认为是与人类白细胞抗原(HLA)有关的MHC限制的T细胞为主的免疫应答的结果。本研究证实,转染HBV基因组或X基因后的人肝癌细胞系可诱导HLAⅡ(即HLA DR)表达。核转录及RNA杂交分析提示表达X基因的细胞其HLA DR mRNA水平增加,X蛋白增加该基因的转录。氯霉索乙酰基转移酶(CAT)基因分析进一步提示,X蛋白通过作用于HLA DR基因上游的调节序列诱导HLA DR表达。结果表明:X蛋白可能通过调节HLA DR表达参与HBV感染的免疫发病机理。     

Immunohistochemical investigation of voltage-gated potassium channel-interacting protein 1 in normal rat brain and Pentylenettrazole-induced seizures

1 Introduction To discover accessory subunit of the Kv4 A-type channel, three novel proteins termed Kv channel-interact- ing proteins were identified as KChIP1, KChIP2, and KChIP3, and another homologue KChIP4 was found latterly. These novel proteins turn out to have around 40% amino-acid similarity to neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) and belong to neuronal calcium sensor (NCS) family, which consists of those EF-hand-containing Ca2 -binding pro- teins that express predominantly or …     

异体手移植1例:美国路易斯威尔经验

背景 依据国际复合组织移植大会的交流经验和猪异体肢体移植研究成功经验,我们制定了一个人类异体手移植计划。方法 通过全面的移植术前评估和患者的同意,选择移植物大小、性别、皮肤弹性相配的一个58岁的尸体供者的左手移植到一个失去左手13年的男性受者。免疫抑制治疗包括Simulect(一种新型免疫抑制剂,为竞争性IL-2受体阻断剂)诱导治疗和普乐可复、骁悉、强的松龙的维持治疗。结果 供手的冷缺血时间为310分钟。无术中或术后并发症。移植物皮肤在第6、20、27周发生了中等程度的排斥反应。通过静注甲基强的松龙,局部使用普乐可复(FK506)和氯倍他索(Clobetasol)缓解。温度觉、痛觉、压力觉在一年时到达手和手指。在术后一年,患者可以使用左手进行许多假肢没有的功能,例如投掷垒球、翻报纸、写字和系鞋带。结论 利用新型免疫抑制剂获得了异体手移植的早期成功。     

血吸虫病洲岛型疫区单纯化疗的防治成效考核

洲岛型日本血吸虫病重疫区,连续三年采用选择性人群化疗控制措施。以改良Kato法考核其防治效果,并用IHA检测抗体水平,结果表明:洲岛型疫区单纯选择性人群化疗难以阻挡血吸虫病传播,但可以降低流行率。     

PROPOSAL FOR A PATHOGENESIS-BASED CLASSIFICATION OF TUMORAL CALCINOSIS

Background. Deposition of calcium in skin is currently categorized into a group of disorders referred to as calcinosis cutis. Divisions between types and subtypes within this confusing classification are predominantly based on morphologic differences in the calcification and serve to obscure pathogenesis. This is especially evident in a subtype of calcinosis cutis, known as tumoral calcinosis. Calcifications in cases of tumoral calcinosis share the following characteristics, but without evidence of a common pathogenesis: large size, juxtaarticular location, progressive enlargement over time, a tendency to recur after surgical removal, and an ability to encase adjacent normal structures. The goal of this study was to formulate a pathogenesis-based classification for cases of tumoral calcinosis. Methods. In a literature review 121 cases of tumoral calcinosis were identified. These cases, along with a case evaluated in our clinic, were reviewed retrospectively, and their features compared. Results. Analysis suggests three pathogenetically distinct subtypes of tumoral calcinosis: (1) Primary normophosphatemic tumoral calcinosis: patients have normal serum phosphate, normal serum calcium, and no evidence of disorders previously associated with soft tissue calcification; (2) primary hyperphosphatemic tumoral calcinosis: patients have elevated serum phosphate, normal serum calcium, and no evidence of disorders previously associated with soft tissue calcification; and (3) secondary tumoral calcinosis: patients have a concurrent disease capable of causing soft tissue calcification. Justification for this classification is based on the presence or absence of disorders known to promote soft tissue calcification and statistically significant differences in family history, mean calcification number, mean serum phosphate level, and calcification recurrence after excision. Conclusions. A classification for tumoral calcinosis is devised that outlines potential pathogenetic mechanisms and predicts response to therapy and prognosis. Analysis of other forms of calcinosis cutis may reveal definable pathogenetic differences that suggest a coherent classification for all cutaneous calcinoses.     

Primary non-Hodgkin''s lymphoma and pseudolymphoma of lung: A study of 161 patients

The authors studied 161 cases of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and pseudolymphomas of lung. Small lymphocytic proliferations, which they believe to be lymphomas, constituted 31.6 per cent of cases; plasmacytoid lymphocytic and small cleaved follicular center cell lymphomas (Lukes-Collins system), 22.4 and 11.8 per cent of cases, respectively; and the remaining follicular center cell lymphomas and B-immunoblastic sarcomas, 5.6 per cent of cases. Pseudolymphomas constituted 14 per cent of cases. Most patients were elderly and asymptomatic; in most cases a solitary nodule or infiltrate was observed on a chest radiograph. Radiographic evidence of effusion was found in both lymphomas and pseudolymphomas, but hilar adenopathy was restricted to lymphomas. A few peribronchial reactive germinal centers and intralesional giant cells/granulomas were seen frequently in unequivocal lymphomas, so their presence cannot be used to exclude neoplasia. A generally monomorphic cell population and invasion of bronchial cartilage or visceral pleura are suggestive of malignancy, whereas primitive cytologic appearance and invasion of lymph nodes or parietal pleura are pathognomonic of malignancy. Diffusely admixed mature lymphocytes and plasma cells with numerous reactive follicles suggest pseudolymphomas. Immunologic determination of clonality may be diagnostically definitive. Most localized lesions in lung were treated by surgical resection, whereas in cases of extensive pulmonary disease, biopsies were performed and patients were treated by chemotherapy or irradiation. Both lymphomas and pseudolymphomas recurred, most often within three years. Pseudolymphoma recurred only in lung. When distant spread of lymphoma occurred, it commonly involved extranodal sites. Only 18 of 101 patients with lymphoma died with or of tumor, and no patient with pseudolymphoma died of disease. Neither histologic subtype among the "small cell" lymphoid lymphomas nor the presence of regional node involvement was prognostically significant, but pleural effusion on the initial chest radiograph was a significant predictor of both recurrence and mortality.     

Peripheral blood stem cell donation: an analysis from the International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry (IBMTR) and European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplant (EBMT) databases

Donation-related data for 1488 allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplants reported to the International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry (IBMTR) or the European Blood and Marrow Transplant Group (EBMT) by 152 teams worldwide between 1994 and 1998 were reviewed. In 1998, 26% of allografts registered with the IBMTR were collected from blood. Median age of PBSC donors was 38 years (range <1-76), and 55% were male. Of 1486 donor-recipient pairs evaluable for HLA compatibility, 1322 (89%) were HLA-identical siblings. Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was employed to mobilize PBSCs in almost all (99%) cases. One hundred and seventy (20%) of 828 evaluable PBSC donors had a central catheter placed for leukapheresis. Eighty-five percent of 1321 evaluable PBSC grafts were collected with one or two leukaphereses. There were 15 reported donation-related adverse events (1% of evaluable donors). Complications were catheter-related in five. No donation-related fatalities were reported. These data suggest that PBSC donation is becoming more prevalent worldwide. It appears to have a safety profile comparable to marrow harvesting, although experience with the latter is much more extensive.     

Resuscitation from Prolonged Ventricular Fibrillation by Epinephrine Combined with Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger Isoform-1 Inhibitor Cariporide

Formorethan４０years，epinephrinehasbeenthevasopressoragentofchoiceforcardiopulmonaryresus－citation（CPR）andcurrentlyisstillbesuggestedbyAmericanHeartAssociationandwidelyuseinclinicCPR．However，recentstudiesquestionthevalueofepinephrineadministrationdu