全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11101篇 |
免费 | 461篇 |
国内免费 | 58篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 79篇 |
儿科学 | 162篇 |
妇产科学 | 125篇 |
基础医学 | 1233篇 |
口腔科学 | 439篇 |
临床医学 | 704篇 |
内科学 | 2597篇 |
皮肤病学 | 271篇 |
神经病学 | 748篇 |
特种医学 | 621篇 |
外科学 | 2029篇 |
综合类 | 43篇 |
预防医学 | 355篇 |
眼科学 | 164篇 |
药学 | 856篇 |
中国医学 | 17篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1177篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 64篇 |
2022年 | 93篇 |
2021年 | 166篇 |
2020年 | 94篇 |
2019年 | 125篇 |
2018年 | 190篇 |
2017年 | 150篇 |
2016年 | 189篇 |
2015年 | 160篇 |
2014年 | 265篇 |
2013年 | 319篇 |
2012年 | 460篇 |
2011年 | 521篇 |
2010年 | 296篇 |
2009年 | 278篇 |
2008年 | 463篇 |
2007年 | 479篇 |
2006年 | 474篇 |
2005年 | 479篇 |
2004年 | 457篇 |
2003年 | 418篇 |
2002年 | 432篇 |
2001年 | 428篇 |
2000年 | 481篇 |
1999年 | 450篇 |
1998年 | 142篇 |
1997年 | 119篇 |
1996年 | 96篇 |
1995年 | 87篇 |
1994年 | 90篇 |
1993年 | 67篇 |
1992年 | 232篇 |
1991年 | 234篇 |
1990年 | 239篇 |
1989年 | 245篇 |
1988年 | 206篇 |
1987年 | 232篇 |
1986年 | 228篇 |
1985年 | 213篇 |
1984年 | 146篇 |
1983年 | 104篇 |
1979年 | 112篇 |
1978年 | 85篇 |
1977年 | 80篇 |
1975年 | 54篇 |
1974年 | 62篇 |
1973年 | 66篇 |
1972年 | 57篇 |
1969年 | 63篇 |
1968年 | 52篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
52.
Speed of repolarization and morphology of glygerol-treated frog muscle fibres 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6 下载免费PDF全文
1. Single muscle fibres from frog semitendinosus were subjected to sudden changes in [K](o), while recording membrane potential.2. In agreement with Hodgkin & Horowicz (1960), a sudden increase in [K](o) in normal fibres produced a rapid depolarization (half-time 0.3 sec), whereas a sudden decrease in [K](o) produced a slower repolarization (half-time 2-3 sec).3. Fibres were subjected to ;glycerol-treatment', a procedure which was supposed to produce a functional disconnexion of the T-system from the surface. In these glycerol-treated fibres both depolarization and repolarization induced by changes of [K](o) took place rapidly.4. The results suggest that the slowness of the repolarization in normal fibres is due to a retention of K ions inside the T-tubules.5. Electron microscopical observation of single fibres or bundles of fibres, which have been soaked in a Ringer containing ferritin, revealed that normal fibres contained ferritin particles in the T-system, while glycerol-treated fibres showed no ferritin. Except for the presence of some large vacuoles and some swelling of the T-system, glycerol-treated fibres appeared morphologically normal.6. Prolonged soaking in a high potassium solution produced electrical effects suggesting that K ions can enter the tubules of treated fibres very slowly, in spite of their inaccessibility to ferritin.7. The main effect of glycerol-treatment does not seem to be a total disconnexion of the T-system from the fibre surface, but rather constriction of the T-tubules near their openings to the exterior. 相似文献
53.
54.
Intraglomerular deposition of fibrin/fibrinogen-related antigen in children with various renal diseases. 下载免费PDF全文
H. Kamitsuji S. Sakamoto T. Matsunaga K. Taira S. Kawahara M. Nakajima 《The American journal of pathology》1988,133(1):61-72
The localization of intraglomerular deposits of fibrin (Fb)/fibrinogen (Fg)-related antigen (FRA) in children with various glomerular diseases was determined by an immunohistopathologic method using an anti-Fg antibody capable of detecting FRA, an anti-D-dimer antibody capable of detecting crosslinked Fb (XLFb) and its derivatives (XLFbDP), and by a method using the effect of monochloroacetic acid (MCA) treatment on kidney sections. In proliferative glomerulonephritis (PGN), XLFbs were detected within the capillaries and extension beyond the mesangium was seen in severe PGN. The FRA within the mesangium of minimal or mild PGN was composed of the non-XLFb substance. The FRA within Bowman's space of most PGN had disappeared after MCA treatment, suggesting a non-XLFb substance. The presence of FRA within electron-dense deposits (EDD) suggested that FRA deposits are associated with immune-complex deposits in the glomeruli. 相似文献
55.
Shinohara Y Iwasaki H Ota N Nakajima T Kodaira M Kajita M Shiba T Emi M 《Journal of human genetics》2001,46(1):50-51
The nuclear factor kappa-B 2 (NFKB2) gene is a member of the NFKB/Rel gene family, which is known to be a pivotal regulator of the acute phase of the inflammatory
response and of immune responses. We identified three novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and determined their allelic
frequencies, as determined by the sequencing of 48 alleles of the entire gene in a Japanese population sample. Two of the
three polymorphisms were identified at nucleotide (nt) position 1837 (T/C) and nt position, 1867 (GG/G) in the upstream region
of the gene. The other polymorphism was identified at nt position 2584 (G/T) within intron 1. These polymorphisms will be
useful in genetic studies of the processes involved in inflammatory responses and in bone differentiation.
Received: October 17, 2000 / Accepted: October 23, 2000 相似文献
56.
Okamoto N Toribe Y Nakajima T Okinaga T Kurosawa K Nonaka I Shimokawa O Matsumoto N 《Journal of human genetics》2002,47(10):0556-0559
Chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome is characterized by hypotonia, moderate to severe developmental and growth retardation,
and characteristic craniofacial dysmorphism. Muscle hypotonia and delayed motor development are almost constant features of
the syndrome. We report a 4-year-old Japanese girl with 1p36 deletion syndrome whose muscle pathology showed congenital fiber
type disproportion (CFTD) myopathy. This is the first case report of 1p36 deletion associated with CFTD. This association
may indicate that one of the CFTD loci is located at 1p36. Ski proto-oncogene −/− mice have phenotypes that resemble some of the features observed in patients with 1p36 deletion syndrome.
Because fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis revealed that the human SKI gene is deleted in our patient, some genes in 1p36, including SKI proto-oncogene, may be involved in muscle hypotonia and delayed motor development in this syndrome.
Received: March 4, 2002 / Accepted: July 7, 2002 相似文献
57.
Ikegaya H Iwase H Zheng HY Nakajima M Sakurada K Takatori T Fukayama M Kitamura T Yogo Y 《Journal of virological methods》2005,126(1-2):37-43
Recently genotyping of JC virus (JCV) DNA in renal tissue was reported to be useful to identify the geographic origin of unidentified cadavers. In the above study, autopsied tissue samples without storage or stored in a frozen state were used. This study examined JCV DNA sequence modifications caused by formalin-fixation, in an attempt to elucidate whether formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples can also be used to determine the genotypes of JCV DNA in the kidney. In four cases, a 610 bp typing region of the JCV genome was PCR-amplified from renal tissues stored for 1 year in three different states: frozen at -80 degrees C [Amaker, B.H., Chandler, F.W., Huey, L.O., Colwell, R.M., 1997. Molecular detection of JC virus in embalmed, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain tissue. J. Forensic Sci., 1157-1159], formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded [Ault, G.S., Stoner, G.L., 1992. Two major types of JC virus defined in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy brain by early and late coding region DNA sequences. J. Gen. Virol. 73, 2669-2678], and soaked in 5% formalin [Baksh, F.K., Finkelstein, S.D., Swalskey, P.A., Stoner, G.L., Ryschkewitsch, C.F., Randhawa, P.R., 2001. Molecular genotyping of BK and JC virus in human polyomavirus-associated interstitial nephritis after renal transplantation. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 38 (2), 354-365]. The amplified fragments were cloned, and the resultant clones were sequenced. In frozen samples, single sequences ('original' sequences) were detected in all cases. In formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples, not only the original sequences but also those with 1-6 base substitutions were detected. From formalin-soaked samples, the original sequences and those with 1-5 and 10-13 substitutions were detected. The genotyping of JCV DNA was not hampered by the presence of 1-6 substitutions, but a shift in JCV genotypes was observed in sequences with 10-13 substitutions. Thus, it was concluded that the genotypes of JCV DNA in the kidney can be determined only with specimens stored in a frozen state or formalin-fixed for a short time. 相似文献
58.
Kazuya Yamagata Toshiaki Hanafusa Hirumn Nakajima Masaharu Sada Hiroshi Amemiya Koji Tomita Jun-Ichiro Miyagawa Tamlo Noguchi Takebiko Tanaka Norio Kono Seiichiro Tarui 《Tissue antigens》1991,38(1):107-110
ABSTRACT: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes are candidates for susceptibility genes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Recently, the association of DR and DQ with IDDM has been reported, but the role of HLA-DP genes remains uncertain. To address the question, we analyzed the DPB1 gene of 20 Japanese IDDM patients and 30 control subjects using a combination of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis (PCR-RFLP method). DPB1*0501 was the most frequent allele both in Japanese patients and control subjects. There was no appreciable association between IDDM and the DPB1 allele in Japanese. The absence of association between IDDM and DP, in spite of the known association between this disease and both DR and DQ, suggests that the HLA locus (loci) telomeric to DP encodes susceptibility to IDDM. 相似文献
59.
Akagi M Inui K Nakajima S Shima M Nishigaki T Muramatsu T Kokubu C Tsukamoto H Sakai N Okada S 《Journal of human genetics》2000,45(1):60-62
Fanconi-Bickel syndrome (FBS), or glycogen storage disease type XI, is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized
by hepatorenal glycogen accumulation, Fanconi nephropathy, and impaired utilization of glucose and galactose. Recently, this
disease was elucidated to link mutations in the glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) gene. Only three mutations in three FBS families have been reported. Therefore, it is important to elucidate mutations in
the GLUT2 gene in FBS by answering the question of whether the syndrome is a single gene disease. In this report, we describe two patients
in two unrelated families clinically diagnosed with FBS. No mutation in the entire protein coding region of the GLUT2 gene was detected in patient 1, which suggested that no mutation existed in the GLUT 2 gene, or that some mutations had affected the expression of the GLUT 2 gene. In patient 2, a novel homozygous nonsense mutation (W420X, Trp at codon 420 to stop codon) was detected. These results
support the correlation between GLTU2 gene mutation and FBS syndrome. However, many patients must be analyzed to determine whether other genes are involved in
FBS.
Received: July 16, 1999 / Accepted: September 3, 1999 相似文献
60.
Neutralizing activity of the antibodies against two kinds of envelope glycoproteins of Sendai virus 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
H. Tozawa H. Komatsu K. Ohkata T. Nakajima M. Watanabe Y. Tanaka M. Arifuku 《Archives of virology》1986,91(1-2):145-161
Summary Murine monoclonal antibodies against the fusion (F) and hemagglutininneuraminidase (HN) proteins of Sendai virus (SV) were prepared and studied on their antiviral activities, particularly on the neutralization of infectivity. On the analysis with solid phase competitive ELISA, 26 anti-HN antibodies were divided into at least four groups (HN-I, -II, -III and -IV). Antigenic sites recognized by the HN-I, -II, and -III group antibodies topographically separate from each other. Sites recognized by the HN-IV group antibodies overlaps partially with ones recognized by the HN-I, HN-II and -III group antibodies. The antibodies belonging to the HN-III group highly neutralize the infectivity of SV and weakly or not at all inhibit the hemagglutination (HA). In contrast, the HN-IV group antibodies strongly inhibit HA, but weakly neutralize the infectivity. Adsorption of SV to chicken red blood cells or L cells is inhibited by the HN-IV antibodies, but scarcely by the HN-III antibodies. On the other hand, incubation with HN-III antibodies of HeLa cells that have been preadsorbed with SV at 4° C, followed by culture at 37° C, causes inhibition of infection, but the HN-IV antibodies do not effectively interfere with such infection.The competitive ELISA showed that 17 anti-F antibodies were divided into two groups (F-I and -II). Two antigenic sites recognized by the antibodies, however, seem to be near to each other because a certain competition is observed between the antibodies of both groups. Two of the seven antibodies belonging to the F-II group inhibit the hemolysis activity and also neutralize the infectivity of SV, but the other five F-II antibodies do not. One of the anti-F antibodies has a low HI activity, and, in competition tests, competes with one of the anti-HN antibodies (HN-IV).With 2 Figures 相似文献