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51.
Bedekovic V Mise S Anic T Staresinic M Gjurasin M Kopljar M Kalogjera L Drvis P Boban Blagaic A Batelja L Seiwerth S Sikiric P 《European journal of pharmacology》2003,478(1):73-80
An attempt has been made to pharmacologically isolate cholinergic, P(2) purinoceptor-mediated and peptidergic (capsaicin-sensitive, tachykinin-mediated) contraction of the guanethidine-treated rat bladder detrusor preparation, in vitro. The effect of experimental diabetes was assessed on these types of contraction. Responses were evoked by electrical field stimulation (single shocks or 1 Hz for 30 s or 10 Hz for 40 s). Single shocks and 1-Hz stimulation were applied in the presence of (a). atropine (1 microM) or (b). P(2) purinoceptor antagonists (50 microM pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid) [PPADS] plus 100 microM suramin. Long-term electrical field stimulation (10 Hz for 40 s) (c). was applied with both atropine and the P(2) purinoceptor antagonists present in the organ bath. The effects of capsaicin (d). and ATP (e). were also studied. Three groups of experimental animals were used: streptozotocin-treated (50 mg.kg(-1) i.p., 8 weeks before the experiment), parallel solvent-treated and untreated rats. (a). Responses to electrical field stimulation in the presence of atropine were reduced by half by PPADS plus suramin, but were resistant to capsaicin tachyphylaxis. They were enhanced in preparations taken from diabetic rats. (b). Contractions to electrical field stimulation in the presence of PPADS plus suramin were reduced by 2/3 by atropine, but were left unchanged by capsaicin or diabetes. (c). Contractions to long-term stimulation had a quick and a sustained phase. Especially the latter was inhibited by capsaicin tachypyhlaxis; it was also strongly reduced in preparations taken from diabetic rats. (d). Contractions to capsaicin (30 nM and 1 microM) were resistant to tetrodotoxin, strongly reduced by a combination of tachykinin NK(1) and NK(2) receptor antagonists, and slightly reduced in preparations from diabetic animals. Capsaicin (1 microM) had no acute inhibitory action on cholinergic or purinergic responses, nor did it cause relaxation in precontracted preparations treated with tachykinin receptor antagonists. (e) ATP-induced contractions were strongly reduced by PPADS plus suramin (50 plus 100 microM) and to a similar degree by 100 plus 200 microM, respectively. It is concluded that experimental diabetes selectively impairs peptidergic, capsaicin-sensitive responses (especially those that involve impulse conduction) in the rat detrusor preparation. The contractile response to electrical field stimulation that remains after atropine plus the P(2) purinoceptor antagonists has a yet unknown transmitter background. 相似文献
52.
Margita Belusic Gobic Martin Kralj David Harmicar Robert Cerovic Barbara Mady Maricic Stjepan Spalj 《Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery》2021,49(4):277-281
This study aimed to assess the extent to which psychosocial and functional aspects are affected in orthognathic surgery patients. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-CRO14), Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire and Self-Esteem (SE) Scale were used. The sample included 110 Caucasian subjects (73% females) aged 19–54 years. Fifty-five patients with dentofacial deformities were treated by combined orthodontic-orthognathic surgical treatment, and 55 others, matched by sex and age, were untreated controls without dentofacial deformities. In comparison with the untreated subjects, patients before surgery had a poorer quality of life, with the largest effect size in oral function (OF) and OHIP (average differences 8.0 and 14.7, respectively; p < 0.001; r = 0.65 and 0.63), while the lowest effect sizes were in awareness of facial aesthetics (AW) and SE. The treatment induced statistically significant changes in all psychosocial and functional aspects, mainly with a large effect size (p < 0.001; r = 0.48–0.78). The major effect size was a decrease in facial aesthetic concerns (FE; 7.6 ± 6.2; p < 0.001; r = 0.78), followed by a decrease in impairment of OF and OHIP (8.0 ± 7.1 and 16.6 ± 14.6; p < 0.001; r = 0.75). The lowest effect size was in the decrease in AW and increase in SE. After surgery, all aspects were similar to those in the untreated subjects. In conclusion, facial deformity raises many issues, primarily related to aesthetic concerns and functional impairment; however, orthognathic surgery manages to improve quality of life to be similar to that of the population without deformities. 相似文献
53.
Tihana Zibar Belasic Biljana Pejova Helena Otmacic Curkovic Ervin Kamenar Bojana Cetenovic Stjepan Spalj 《The Angle orthodontist》2021,91(4):528
ObjectivesTo explore whether the commercial agents recommended for controlling dental biofilm formation had a significant effect in vivo on mechanical and corrosion properties of nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy.Materials and MethodsNiTi archwires (dimensions 0.508 × 0.508 mm) were collected from 36 orthodontic patients aged 13–42 years after a 3-month intraoral exposure. Three experimental groups were formed: (1) subjects conducting regular oral hygiene, (2) subjects who used fluorides for intensive prophylaxis for the first month, and (3) subjects who used chlorhexidine in the same manner. Corrosion behavior, surface characteristics, stiffness, hardness, and friction were analyzed.ResultsExposure to intraoral conditions significantly reduced the stiffness and hardness of the NiTi alloy (P ≤ .015). Fluoride tended to reduce stiffness and hardness more than did saliva or antiseptic, but not significantly. Roughness and friction were not significantly influenced by oral exposure. Intraoral aging predominantly produced general corrosion independent of the adjuvant prophylactic agent, although localized corrosion may also have occurred.ConclusionsFluorides and the antiseptic chlorhexidine do not increase corrosion more than saliva itself, nor do they further modify the mechanical properties of the NiTi alloy. 相似文献
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56.
Perioperative blood pressure control in hypertensive and normotensive patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: prospective study of current anesthesia practice
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Aim
To analyze blood pressure changes during intra- and immediate postoperative period in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.Methods
The study included 355 consecutive patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting between January 5, 2004 and December 30, 2005. Out of these patients, 325 were allocated into groups with preoperative history of hypertension (n = 115) and without preoperative history of hypertension (n = 210). Systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure was measured at the following four time points: on the day before surgery, before anesthesia induction, after the last graft, and on entry to intensive care unit.Results
Mean arterial pressure was significantly higher in patients with a history of hypertension on the day before surgery (97 vs 92 mm Hg, P = 0.003, Mann-Whitney test) and before anesthesia induction (107 vs 98 mm Hg; P = 0.003). It was higher at all measuring points (after the last graft, 79 vs 78 mm Hg; and on entry to intensive care unit, 88 vs 86 mm Hg), but this difference was neither statistically nor clinically significant. The study showed that mean arterial pressure followed similar dynamics over time in both patient groups (P<0.001 both), with no significant time-dependent between-group differences.Conclusion
Current anesthesia techniques that include deep opioid analgesia in combination with vasodilators provide a satisfactory control of intraoperative hypertension. Management of blood pressure changes during intra- and immediate postoperative period in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting patients with preoperative hypertension was no more difficult than in patients without preoperative hypertension.Monitoring of hemodynamic stability, especially blood pressure and heart rate during perioperative period, is an important consideration (1). During conventional open heart surgery, hypertension can occur at almost any time, ie before, during, or after surgery, and is most commonly mediated by an increase in sympathetic tone.Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting is a procedure that may achieve better in-hospital outcome, including shorter length of stay (2,3). Hypertension associated with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting is typically not a result of dramatic increase in systemic vascular resistance (4).The reported incidence of perioperative hypertension associated with conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) ranges from 30 to 80%, and this wide range may explain different definitions of the condition and preoperative comorbid states (5).To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies dealing with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. The aim of our study was to analyze perioperative hypertensive response in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. We hypothesized that it was more difficult to control perioperative hypertension in these patients who had been preoperatively hypertensive than in those who had not. 相似文献57.
Stjepan Višnjić Mislav Bastić Mateja Marčec Marko Mesić 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(4):718-721
Purpose
Management of hydrocolpos in cloaca patients is of clinical importance. We report a nonoperative method for the management of hydrocolpos in the form of initial catheter decompression, followed by an endoscopy with catheters placement into both the bladder and vagina, and leaving these catheters for 9 and 14 days respectively.Methods
The medical records of six cloaca patients with hydrocolpos in the last 12 years were reviewed. The outcomes measured were the renal function, bladder emptying, the presence/resolution of hydronephrosis, and the recurrence of hydrocolpos.Results
Complete drainage of hydrocolpos was achieved in four out of six cases and partial drainage in two. On common channel endoscopy, in four patients the structures were identified and balloon catheters inserted. After catheter removal, the vagina and urinary tract remained adequately drained through the natural cloacal opening with no post-micturition residual urine, resolution of hydroneprosis within 60 days, preserved renal function, and no hydrocolpos reaccumulation.Conclusion
Initial decompression and short time catheterization can be the definite solution for some cloaca patients with hydrocolpos. Our case-series showed a success rate in two-thirds of patients by achieving the three main goals; permanent hydrocolpos derivation, undisturbed voiding, and preservation of renal function.Level of evidence
Study can be classified as a Treatment Study, LEVEL IV Case series with no comparison group. 相似文献58.
Purpose
To perform a translation and validation of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ) in the Croatian cultural context.Methods
A total of 262 subjects (34 % males) aged 18–30 years (mean age 22.7 ± 2.6) were included. The questionnaire included the PIDAQ, a self-assessment of satisfaction with dental aesthetics, a self-perceived dental treatment need assessment, self-reported malocclusion, an aesthetic component of index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN AC) and an oral health impact profile (OHIP-14 CRO). The subjects’ orthodontic treatment needs were assessed by a dentist using the dental health and aesthetic component of the IOTN. The internal consistency, test–retest reliability, validity and responsiveness were assessed. Little’s Irregularity index was used to correlate the amount of resolution of dental crowding by orthodontic treatment with the change in PIDAQ domains.Results
The domains of the Croatian version of the PIDAQ showed satisfactory internal consistency (α ranging from 0.79 to 0.95) and high test–retest reliability (r > 0.85). The significant association between the PIDAQ domains and self-reported satisfaction with teeth appearance, IOTN AC and OHIP-14 CRO (p < 0.001) confirmed the convergent validity. The domains were able to detect differences in the subjects’ psychosocial impact related to orthodontic treatment that improved dental aesthetics in responsiveness testing (p < 0.001).Conclusion
The Croatian version of the PIDAQ demonstrated good psychometric properties, similar to those of the original. 相似文献59.
Sardelic S Bedenic B Colinon-Dupuich C Orhanovic S Bosnjak Z Plecko V Cournoyer B Rossolini GM 《Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy》2012,56(5):2746-2749
One hundred sixty-nine nonreplicate imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated in a large hospital on the coastal region of Croatia were studied. The most active antibiotics were colistin and amikacin. Most of the isolates were multiresistant. The most prevalent serotype was O12, followed by O11. Six strains carried the bla(VIM-2) gene located in a novel class 1 integron composed in its variable part of the bla(VIM-2)-bla(oxa-10)-ΔqacF-aacA4 genes. Metallo-β-lactamase-producing strains belonged to sequence types ST235 and ST111. 相似文献
60.
Zajc I Brajdić D Biočić J Bošan-Kilibarda I Kopić V Siber S Macan D 《Journal of addictive diseases》2011,30(2):159-168
This study examined tobacco use as a risk factor in the development of periodontal disease as dental emergency and dental readiness among soldiers. A total of 884 soldiers were followed: 650 recruits and 234 professional active veterans. They were categorized into dental readiness classes, and questionnaires were completed about tobacco use. Overall, 62.7% of soldiers reported current smoking, with a higher prevalence of smokers among recruits. The results showed a significant difference in smokers vs. non-smokers in dental readiness, supragingival/subgingival calculus, gingivitis, and Class 3 dental fitness. More recruits (63.8%) smoked than veterans (59.4%), but greater prevalence of daily cigarette smoking and duration of smoking habits was found among veterans. In both groups, soldiers who smoked were characterized by a higher percentage of periodontal health problems and decreased combat readiness compared to soldiers who did not smoke. This indicates a need for oral health prevention program, and cigarette smoking and cessation programs. 相似文献