甲状腺肿瘤中突变型 p16 表达的免疫组织化学研究

应用免疫组织化学技术对２２例甲状腺癌包括１８例乳头状腺癌和４例滤泡性腺癌及２０例甲状腺腺瘤的突变型ｐ１６表达进行研究。结果发现，突变型ｐ１６在甲状腺癌和甲状腺腺瘤表达于细胞核，甲状腺癌阳性表达率为４５％，甲状腺腺瘤阳性表达率为１０％。两者表达率有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。乳头状腺癌及滤泡性腺癌表达率分别为４４．４％及５０％，两者之间无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。提示ｐ１６基因突变在甲状腺恶性肿瘤发生发展中具有重要作用。     

In vivo anthelmintic activity of ginger against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep

This paper describes the anthelmintic activity of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (family Zingiberaceae) rhizome, commonly known as ginger, to justify its traditional use in veterinary medicine. Crude powder (CP) and crude aqueous extract (CAE) of dried ginger (1-3 g/kg) were administered to sheep naturally infected with mixed species of gastrointestinal nematodes. Both CP and CAE exhibited a dose- and a time-dependent anthelmintic effect with respective maximum reduction of 25.6% and 66.6% in eggs per gram (EPG) of faeces on day 10 of post-treatment. Levamisole (7.5 mg/kg), a standard anthelmintic agent, exhibited 99.2% reduction in EPG. This study shows that ginger possesses in vivo anthelmintic activity in sheep thus justifying the age-old traditional use of this plant in helminth infestation.     

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the neck with pulmonary metastases

We present a case of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma in a 48 years old Saudi female who reported with slowly progressive right sided extranodal neck mass associated with pulmonary metastasis. Clinical examination, histopathologic features including distinct immunostains combine together to make the rare diagnosis of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma. This entity is often misdiagnosed due to non-consideration in differential diagnosis of sarcoma. It carries a significant potential for regional as well as distant spread and hence categorized as intermediate risk malignancy. Clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical aspects and therapeutic options of this unusual case are discussed.     

Teprotumumab for non-inflammatory thyroid eye disease (TED): evidence for increased IGF-1R expression

PurposeTeprotumumab, a blocking antibody to the insulin like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) has been shown to significantly reduce proptosis in recent phase 2 and 3 trials in patients with inflammatory thyroid eye disease (TED). Herein, we investigate the impact of teprotumumab on patients with non-inflammatory TED. We also investigate the expression of the IGF-1R on orbital tissues from patients with inflammatory and non-inflammatory TED compared to controls.MethodsConsecutive patients with non-inflammatory TED (clinical activity score, CAS ≤ 1, for at least 4 months, were treated with teprotumumab. They received a complete course (total eight infusions) of teprotumumab (10 mg/kg for the first infusion and 20 mg/kg for subsequent infusions every 3 weeks). The primary outcome was a proptosis response at week 24. Further, IGF-1R α and β expression was evaluated on orbital tissue from patients with inflammatory and non-inflammatory TED, as well as healthy controls. Non-biased histological analysis of IGF-1R expression was performed using ImageJ.ResultsFour patients met eligibility criteria for the clinical study, with a mean (SD) CAS of 0 (0). Following teprotumumab treatment, there was a mean (SD) reduction in proptosis of 2.6 mm (1.2). Five patients were included for each group of the histological study; inflammatory TED, non-inflammatory TED and controls. IGF-1Rα and IGF-1Rβ expression was significantly greater in the orbital tissues of patients with inflammatory TED and non-inflammatory TED, when compared to controls.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate for the first time, that teprotumumab, a blocking antibody to the IGF-1R reduces proptosis in a series of patients with non-inflammatory TED. Overexpression of the IGF-1R in orbital tissue from patients with non-inflammatory disease compared to controls may be an important consideration for effect.Subject terms: Autoimmunity, Mechanisms of disease     

Cerebellar tuberculoma mimicking posterior cranial fossa tumour

A young girl presented with history of prolonged fever, vomiting and headache. CT scan of brain revealed a space occupying lesion in posterior cranial fossa with moderate hydrocephalus. Surgery was performed and histopathology report confirmed the lesion as tuberculous. Patient showed smooth postoperative recovery and complete remission of complaints on antituberculous treatment for one year and regular follow-up.