抗结核药物致药物性肝病208例临床分析

目的　分析总结抗结核药物致药物性肝病的情况 ,提高本病的诊断治疗水平。　方法　回顾性调查 1994～ 2 0 0 3年抗结核药物致药物性肝病 176例 ,并分析 10年来每年的发病率、变迁及临床情况。　结果　含异烟肼、利福平、吡嗪酰胺的抗结核治疗方案致本病的发病率是 2 16% ,10年来每年的发病率在逐年增加 ,平均发病时间是68 98d ,1月内发病的占 68 71% ,2个月内的占 80 2 9% ;2 0 8例中无症状者占 43 75 % ,有症状者占 5 6 2 5 % ,治疗前后ALT、AST、TBIL相比差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1)。　结论　抗核药物治疗结核病时应重视本病 ,治疗期间应定期监测肝功能     

Morphometric diagnosis of bladder tumor

This paper reports the morphometric analysis results of 100 cases of bladder tumor cells with a Q-900 computer-assisted image analysis system. According to the nuclear area, axis ratio and area ratio of tumor nuclei, bladder transitional cell tumors were divided into 4 grades. This system is called the morphometric grading system (M grading). The results show that the higher the M grading, the lower the survival rate and the higher the recurrence rate. As the M grade increases the tumors could be accompanied by muscular invasion. When recurring, the tumor has a poor prognosis if M grading increases. We conclude that the morphometric grading system is able to yield a quantitative pathologic diagnosis and can predict the biological behavior of bladder tumors. Recently, new techniques for diagnosing and predicting the biological behavior of bladder tumors have been developed. One such technique is morphometric analysis of bladder transitional cell carcinoma with computer-assisted image instruments [1]. Because this morphometric method is easily applicable to pathological section routinely stained with HE and the results are reproducible and more objective, the studies about morphometric analysis of bladder tumor have increased in recent times. This paper reports the preliminary morphometric analysis results of bladder tumor cells examined by a Q-900 image analysis instrument for 100 cases.     

医院检验科设备的维修分析

医院检验科设备是为临床提供诊断依据最基础也是最常用的检验手段之一，本文简要介绍了检验科设备在日常工作中容易发生的故障判别及修复时的要点。     

致密性髂骨炎误诊腰突症1例报道

典型病例 患者，女，33岁。间断反复左腰腿痛伴发作性跛行7年，加剧3天。患者由家人搀扶，痛苦表情，跛行步态，并携有腰椎CT片。患者诉7年前首次发作，到某医院骨科就诊，经CT检查并诊断为腰突症。给予牵引、理疗、骶管注射等治疗2周，症状未见明显改善。患者当时终止治疗，回家静养，症状慢慢有所改善。过后时有发作，都以“腰突症”处理，病情缠绵至今。     

Regression of lymphomatous skin deposits in a chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient treated with the Toll-like receptor-7/8 agonist, imiquimod.

The identification of clinically relevant, active immunomodulatory agents is important for developing immunotherapeutic approaches to chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and other B-cell lymphomas that are not curable with conventional chemotherapy. In this investigation, the imidazoquinoline Toll-like receptor (TLR)-7/8 agonist, imiquimod, was found to mediate the clearance of a lymphomatous skin lesion in a CLL patient. Imidazoquinolines also activated TLR-7/8 signaling pathways, resulting in increased expression of costimulatory molecules on circulating tumor cells. These observations extend the therapeutic spectrum of imiquimod to cutaneous B-cell lymphomas and suggest the use of TLR-7/8 agonists in CLL immunotherapy.     

血小板激活因子拮抗剂YM-264对抗原引起气道嗜酸性粒细胞浸润的影响

应用鸡卵清蛋白致敏和刺激小鼠复制过敏性气道炎症反应模型研究血小板激活因子选择性拮抗剂ＹＭ－２６４对抗原引起气道嗜酸性粒细胞（ＥＯＳ）浸润的影响。结果发现，正常小鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）中未见到ＥＯＳ；致敏小鼠给予抗原多次反复吸入刺激后，ＢＡＬＦ中ＥＯＳ急剧增多。在ＹＭ－２６４治疗各组中，ＹＭ－２６４的不同剂量分别导致ＥＯＳ数下降２７．０％、４８．２％及６７．９％。还发现ＹＭ－２６４抑制ＥＯＳ对气道的浸润伴随着白细胞介素（ＩＬ）－５水平的明显下降。提示ＹＭ－２６４通过抑制ＩＬ－５的产生从而抑制了ＥＯＳ在气道的聚集。     

磁共振成像对颅内脑膜瘤水肿分析

目的：探讨脑膜瘤周围脑水肿的程度和肿瘤的生长部位．质地．组织学亚型的相关性．研究其瘤周水肿的形成原因．材料和方法：使用经手术和病理证实的65例脑膜瘤MRI和临床病理资料．观察分析脑膜瘤的瘤周水肿的程度．肿瘤的质地，组织学亚型等．结果：发生于大脑颅盖部或／和有矢状窦受累的脑膜瘤有明显的脑水肿．而发生于其它部位(颅底，丘脑、小脑、脑池等)无或只有轻度脑水肿．结论：轻度脑水肿主要是脑膜瘤对脑组织的直接压迫，而中，重度脑水肿主要是脑膜瘤对大脑表面引流静脉尤其是矢状窦的压迫或阻塞．脑水肿和肿瘤的发生部位有关，面和肿瘤的质地、组织学亚型无关．     

静脉预注H1,H2受体阻滞药对减轻鱼精蛋白副作用的研究

将３０例ＡＳＤ、ＶＳＤ患者随机分为对照与预防用药两组，对比观察Ｈ１、Ｈ２受体阻滞药苯海拉明、西米替丁对减轻鱼精蛋白副作用的效果和应用鱼精蛋白后补体Ｃ３、Ｃ４、ＣＨ５０浓度变化。结果发现预防用药组血液动力学变化明显小于对照组，两组之间差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。应用鱼精蛋白后Ｃ３、Ｃ４、ＣＨ５０均下降，与用药前相比差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示鱼精蛋白中和肝素可引起补体激活、组胺释放，Ｈ１、Ｈ２受体阻滞药能够减轻鱼精蛋白引起的血压下降。