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Sijens PE; Wijrdeman HK; Moerland MA; Bakker CJ; Vermeulen JW; Luyten PR 《Radiology》1988,169(3):615-620
To assess the potential of in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy for breast cancer, hydrogen-1 and phosphorus-31 MR spectra of five malignant human breast tumors were compared with those of unaffected breast tissue. The water-to-fat ratio was high in the tumors (average, 2.2) but low in the unaffected tissue (average, 0.3). The P-31 spectrum of normal breast tissue showed low levels of phosphomonoesters (PMEs), inorganic phosphate, phosphodiesters (PDEs), and ATP. In addition, an intense phosphocreatine (PCr) signal was observed in breast tissue of young women: The relative intensities of the PCr and ATP signals had a mean value of 1.9. The tumor spectrum showed elevated levels of PMEs, Pi, and PDEs, while no PCr was seen (PCr/ATP less than 0.2). In two breast cancers treated with radiation therapy, resulting in a decrease of tumor volume of more than 50%, a similar change in the tumor P-31 spectrum was observed: An intense PCr signal developed (PCr/ATP = 1.1). Control experiments indicated that the appearance of PCr after radiation therapy was the result of a radiation-induced metabolic change in the tumor itself. 相似文献
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The immunomodulating effects of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and levamisole with and without irradiated autologous leukemic cells were tested in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) after control of white cell count with busulfan. The response has been evaluated with respect to remission period and in vivo and in vitro immunological studies comprising delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity response to recall antigens and dinitrochlorobenzene, T cell and its subsets percentages, T-cell response to phytohemagglutinin, and to leukemia cell extracts by blastogenesis and leukocyte migration inhibition. Patients receiving BCG or levamisole did show marginal prolongation of remission, however immune parameters failed to show any improvement. In contrast, improvements in specific and nonspecific immune parameters were observed in patients receiving BCG or levamisole along with irradiated leukemic cells, however, concomitant clinical benefit was not obtained. Development of a better immunotherapeutic approach appears essential for immunomodulation in CML. 相似文献
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