贴报-P2临床毒理学、药理学和疗效研究

5-Flourouracil（5-FU） is one of well known anti-cancer drugs, but its toxicity in normal lymphocytes remains a major problem in chemotherapy. The eastern traditional drug, Bupleuri radix（BR）, has been used for the treatment of liver diseases and contains series of triterpene saponins.     

A review of satisfaction with dental service at a Jerusalem community clinic serving elderly patients

AIM: The audit of dental satisfaction and its association with the reported outcome of a dental health care programme for elderly patients. DESIGN: A telephone survey of 162 patients in a Jerusalem municipal dental clinic for geriatric patients, who had completed a treatment course in oral rehabilitation. RESULTS: The average age of the respondents was 73.2 +/- 8.45 years, over 80% of who were very satisfied or satisfied with the treatment given by the dental clinic staff. Only 1.8% were not satisfied (the remaining 17.9% were unable to answer the question). Among those who responded, 91.6% were currently using their full dentures, 80.4% reported an improvement in chewing ability, and 82.3% an improvement in appearance. Respondents who reported daily use of dentures and improved chewing and appearance, also reported higher levels of satisfaction with the clinic. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate a potentially important role of satisfaction with dental staff in optimal compliance and success of a geriatric oral health care programme.     

Oral health practices among adolescents: a study from family practice clinics in Israel

Dental caries and periodontal disease are highly prevalent among adolescents. Preventive dental visits and proper oral health practices effectively reduce the occurrence of these entities. The objective of this study was to determine the rates of tooth brushing, flossing, and visits to dentists and hygienists among Israeli adolescents in a family practice setting. One hundred and eighty-four 7th and 10th graders who attended preventive health visits completed questionnaires that included questions regarding dental visits and personal oral health habits. Structured counseling by the family nurse was provided following completion of the questionnaire. Ninety-seven percent of the teenagers brushed their teeth at least once a day, but only 7% used dental floss daily, 44.5% never flossed, and another 10% didn't know what dental floss was. Eighty-three percent had visited a dentist, but only 33% had been to a dental hygienist in the past two years. Twenty-nine percent did not know what a hygienist was. We conclude that primary care providers can promote oral health by screening and providing counseling to their adolescent patients.     

Efficacy and tolerability of pantoprazole 40 mg versus 80 mg in patients with reflux oesophagitis.

BACKGROUND: Pantoprazole is a substituted benzimidazole which is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion by its action upon H+, K+- ATPase. METHODS: Pantoprazole 40 mg and 80 mg were compared in a randomized double-blind study in 192 out-patients with stage II or III (Savary-Miller classification) reflux oesophagitis. Patients received either pantoprazole 40 mg (n = 97) or pantoprazole 80 mg (n = 95), once daily before breakfast for 4 weeks. Treatment was extended for a further 4 weeks if the oesophagitis had not healed. RESULTS: After 4 weeks complete healing of the reflux oesophagitis was seen in 78% of protocol-correct patients given pantoprazole 40 mg daily (n = 86), and in 72% in the 80 mg (n = 87) group. The cumulative healing rates after 8 weeks were 95 and 94%, respectively (P > 0.05, Cochran-Mantel- Haenszel), and time until healing of oesophagitis comparable in both groups. Differences between doses were also not significant in an intention-to-treat analysis. Both dosing schedules were well tolerated and the patients experienced remarkable symptom relief. No adverse event or changes in laboratory values of clinical significance could definitely be ascribed to the trial medication. CONCLUSION: The 40 mg pantoprazole dosage is comparable to 80 mg in reflux oesophagitis, both in efficacy and tolerability.     

Principles for planning the teaching of dental public health in an MPH course

Dental public health should be presented to MPH students as an integral component in the general promotion of health. Students should be presented with the "dental" component in public health and the "public health" component in dentistry. Dental examples should be utilized to illustrate most of the other disciplines taught in the MPH course. The underlying principals that determine the teaching of dental public health within an MPH course include: the associations between oral and general health; oral health as an integral component in quality of life; basic concepts in the understanding of oral health and disease; the prevalence of oral diseases; oral diseases as a specific characteristic of industrialized-urbanized-developed societies; the methods of measuring dental health in epidemiological surveys; the patterns of changing dental epidemiology around the world; the social component of dental disease; the promotion of oral health as an important, typical, example of successful public health efforts; socio-economic-political aspects of oral health promotion; dental health care delivery systems in different regions; members of the expanded oral health team and the potential of including the general health team; oral health promotion for the geriatric population; specific examples of planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of community oral health programs.     

Venous clots: evaluation with MR imaging

In vitro and in vivo studies were performed to determine the proton relaxation and imaging characteristics of static blood and acute and organized clot in canine jugular veins. In vivo, it was found that two inversion recovery sequences using a short inversion time (100 msec) demonstrated better differentiation of signal intensity of intravascular clot from surrounding soft tissues than did standard T1- and T2-weighted sequences. In vitro, quantitative measurements showed marked reduction of both T1 and T2 relaxation time of acute clot compared with stagnant blood. In addition, the T1 relaxation time, and to a lesser extent the T2 relaxation time, shortened as the clot aged, indicating a potential role for magnetic resonance imaging in determining the age of venous thrombi.     

Fluorosis and dental caries in 6–8-year-old children in a 5 ppm fluoride area

Fluorosis levels and caries prevalence were evaluated in 152 children aged 6-8 yr residing from birth in an area with 5 ppm fluoride in the drinking water. Sixty-two of the subjects had mild fluorosis in both primary and permanent dentition, 31 were defined as moderate, and 4 cases had no signs of fluorosis; 14 cases had a more severe fluorosis level in the primary dentition as compared to 41 cases in which fluorosis was more severe in the permanent dentition. More primary dentitions were free of fluorosis in females than in males (P less than 0.05). No differences between males and females were found in the permanent dentition fluorosis. The decay rate in the permanent dentition gradually increased with increasing fluorosis severity, a finding not observed in the primary dentition. Reasons are discussed for the lower fluorosis level in the primary dentition and the more severe fluorosis in older age groups as well as the fluorosis severity difference by gender.