An assessment of conventional and self-ligating brackets in Class I maxillary constriction patients

Objective:To evaluate two different treatment systems with regard to incisor position, transverse dimension changes in maxillary arch, changes in maxillary molar inclinations, clinical periodontal parameters, and pain intensity in patients with a Class I malocclusion.Materials and Methods:Seventeen patients (with a mean age of 14.5 years) underwent orthodontic treatment with the Roth prescribed edgewise bracket systems after expanding the maxillary arch with a quad-helix appliance, and 16 patients (with a mean age of 14.8 years) underwent orthodontic treatment with the Damon 3MX bracket system. Each subject''s lateral cephalometric and posteroanterior radiographs and dental casts were obtained at the beginning of the treatment and after debonding. In addition to these, the periodontal index and pain scores were taken.Results:Cephalometric data showed that in both treatment systems, overjet value decreased and maxillary and mandibular incisors proclined. Posteroanterior measurements demonstrated a greater increase in the maxillary molar inclination in the Damon group. Significant increase of maxillary intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar widths was shown in both systems. Periodontal index and pain score changes between different observation periods were the same.Conclusions:The conventional and Damon systems were found similar with regard to the incisor position, transverse dimension changes in maxillary arch, clinical periodontal parameters, and pain intensity. The only significant difference was that the Damon system inclined the maxillary molars more buccally than the conventional group.     

Substandard application of preimplantation genetic screening may interfere with its clinical success

The intent of this study was to evaluate a recent randomized clinical trial evaluating the effect of preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) that reports a negative effect on pregnancy outcome. This article reviews appropriate PGS techniques and how they differ from the trial in question. A closer look at the clinical trial in question reveals significant lack of expertise in biopsy, cell fixation, genetic analysis, and patient selection. At most, this trial demonstrates that in inexperienced hands, PGS can be detrimental. No other conclusions concerning the effect of PGS on pregnancy results can be drawn from the trial.     

Herpes simplex virus-1 as a rare etiology of isolated acute cerebellitis: case report and literature review

Journal of NeuroVirology - Acute cerebellitis is one of the most common cerebellar disorders and occurs due to para-infectious, post-infectious, or post-vaccination cerebellar inflammation. Herpes...     

Iodopovidone is as effective as doxycycline in producing pleurodesis in rabbits

Background and objective: The mechanism by which iodopovidone achieves pleurodesis is unknown. This study investigated whether iodopovidone is as effective as doxycycline in producing pleurodesis and whether systemic corticosteroids diminish its efficacy. Methods: Four groups of seven New Zealand rabbits were assigned to the following intrapleural treatment groups: 2 mL of 2% iodopovidone, 2 mL of 4% iodopovidone, 2 mL of 4% iodopovidone plus 0.8 mg/kg triamcinolone intramuscularly weekly and 10 mL/kg doxycycline in 2 mL. Pleural fluid was collected 24, 48 and 72 h after intrapleural injections and analysed for WCC, protein and LDH levels. The rabbits were killed 2 weeks after the injections. Pleurodesis was graded macroscopically on a scale from 1 to 8. The degree of microscopic pleural fibrosis and pleural inflammation was graded from the HE stain slides. Results: The mean volume of pleural fluid as well as the mean total WCC was significantly lower in the steroid‐treated group than in the other groups. The degree of the resulting pleurodesis was similar in the 2% iodopovidone (7.00 ± 1.29), 4% iodopovidone (7.71 ± 0.76) and doxycycline (7.14 ± 0.90) groups (P > 0.05) whereas the pleurodesis score of the steroid group (3.71 ± 1.98) was significantly lower than all other groups (P < 0.05). The degree of microscopic pleural fibrosis and pleural inflammation was significantly lower in the steroid group than in the 2% iodopovidone or 4% iodopovidone group. Conclusions: Both 2% and 4% iodopovidone can induce pleurodesis as efficaciously as doxycycline in rabbits. Systemic corticosteroids significantly decrease the efficacy of iodopovidone in producing pleurodesis.     

Antioxidant enzyme levels in cases with gastrointesinal cancer

The aim is to evaluate the antioxidant enzyme levels in tumoral tissues and accompanying normal tissues in gastrointestinal cancer; and compare the colorectal cancer (CRC) with gastric cancer (GC).MethodAntioxidant enzymes including glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glucose 6 phosphate dehyrogenase (G6PD) which are important for anti-oxidant functions were evaluated in fresh tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues obtained from a total of 58 patients.ResultsAll the enzyme levels were higher in tumoral tissues compared to normal tissue from non-cancerous disease. There was not a significant difference for enzyme levels between CRC and GC groups except GPx. GPx activity tended to be higher in cases without serosal involvement (SI), and this activity was higher in cases without lymph node (LN) involvement in normal tissue (p = 0.012). MDA activity was higher in cases without serosal involvement compared to with SI groups in tumor tissue (p = 0.050). G6PD activity in normal tissue was higher in cases with serosal involvement and LN involvement (p = 0.064, 0.046, respectively). GR activity was higher in signet ring cell cancer (SRC) than adeno cancer. In GC, G6PD activity in tumor was tended to be higher in undifferentiated cancer (p = 0.071).ConclusionThe antioxidant enzymes activities such as GPX, SOD, G6PD, MDA and GR were found to be related with malignant phenotype in gastrointestinal cancers. We need further studies to understand the biologic and clinical importance of these enzymes in GI cancers.