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Shiloh R Valevski A Bodinger L Misgav S Aizenberg D Dorfman-Etrog P Weizman A Munitz H 《International clinical psychopharmacology》2003,18(3):147-149
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a potentially lethal antipsychotic drug (APD)-induced thermoregulatory disturbance. We hypothesized that several precautionary measures taken after administeration of APDs might prevent progression to definite NMS. The study group included 657 consecutively admitted drug-free schizophrenia inpatients who received various typical APDs for 28 days. Specific predefined precautionary measures were employed for this group. The comparison group (n=192) consisted of typical APD-treated schizophrenia inpatients in whom such precautionary measures were not imposed. The study group exhibited a significantly lower incidence of definite NMS (1/657=0.2% versus 4/192=2.1%; P=0.01, odds ratio=13.96; 95% confidence interval 1.55-125.63). Antipsychotics were discontinued in 28 patients (28/657=4.3%) from the study group due to NMS (n=1) or early detection of potential NMS-related signs (probable abortive NMS) (n=27). Our findings suggest that specific precautionary measures can effectively reduce the incidence of definite NMS by approximately one order in newly medicated schizophrenia inpatients. 相似文献
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Sadan O Shushan S Eldar I Evron S Lurie S Boaz M Glazerman M Roth Y 《American journal of rhinology》2005,19(2):221-224
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of an external nasal dilator on several variables characterizing labor in both mother and fetus. METHODS: One hundred and fifty primigravida women in active labor were randomized to wear, throughout labor, either a dilator spring-loaded nasal strip or a placebo device. Data were obtained during labor and compared between the groups. After delivery, the satisfaction rate was assessed. RESULTS: No differences were found between the study and the control group regarding rate of induction or augmentation of labor as well as Montevideo units reached, frequency of rupture of membranes, duration of the active phase and second stage of labor, usage of epidural analgesia, normal fetal heart pattern, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and neonatal well being. Length of maternal and neonatal hospitalization also did not differ between the groups. Satisfaction rate was significantly higher in parturient women wearing nasal strips with a dilator spring than in parturient women wearing a placebo spring (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Nasal strips do not change the course but ameliorate the quality of labor by improving the ease of breathing. Nasal dilators sustain the respiratory effort associated with the long process of labor and may control the switch from nasal to oronasal breathing during delivery. 相似文献
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Zalsman G Misgav S Sommerfeld E Kohn Y Brunstein-Klomek A Diller R Sher L Schwartz J Shoval G Ben-Dor DH Wolovik L Oquendo MA 《International journal of adolescent medicine and health》2005,17(3):255-257
The Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R) are two widely used instruments, which measure depression in children and adolescents. This pilot study assessed the reliability of the Hebrew versions of these two instruments. Both CDRS-R and CDI were translated from English into Hebrew and then back translated. Seventeen healthy Israeli bilingual children volunteers were interviewed with both scales with a one day intermission between the interviews. Non-parametric correlations were used to compare scores in the two versions for each item. Results showed high agreement between the two versions for almost all items of the CDI and moderate to high for the CDRS-R. When CDRS-R summary scores for each item were compared, the agreement was high for this instrument as well. It is concluded that both CDI and CDRS-R Hebrew versions are reliable and can be used for studies of depression in the Israeli pediatric population. 相似文献
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Dissociative processes were investigated in a man diagnosed with focal retrograde amnesia (FRA) following a traumatic head injury without any anterograde memory deficit. Findings were derived from the Rorschach Inkblot method, which was administered together with other performance-based tests and a self-report inventory for evaluating dissociative proneness in personality functioning. A substantial set of behavioral and test response variables indicated dissociation proneness and the activation of dissociative mechanisms. This conception was supported a few months following the evaluation when the patient reported a total spontaneous recovery of the memory deficit. The interplay between neurological and functional factors in FRA is discussed with a view for creating an integrated model. 相似文献
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Disruption of gap junctional communication within the ovarian follicle induces oocyte maturation 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Meiotically arrested mammalian oocytes are stimulated to resume meiosis by LH. This response, which can be reversed by elevation of intraoocyte cAMP levels, is associated with interruption of gap junctional communication (GJC) within the ovarian follicle. In the present study, we examined the hypothesis that disruption of GJC within the ovarian follicle is sufficient for induction of oocyte maturation. For this purpose, we incubated rat follicle-enclosed oocytes with carbenoxolone (CBX), a known blocker of gap junctions. We found that this selective disruptor of GJC promoted maturation of almost all the follicle-enclosed oocytes after 5 h of incubation; this response was also obtained by a transient (2 h) exposure to this agent. CBX-induced oocyte maturation was accompanied by a substantial decrease in intraoocyte concentrations of cAMP that was not associated with elevated activity of type 3A phosphodiesterase (PDE3A). The effect of CBX on reinitiation of meiosis was blocked by isobutylmethylxanthine, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Unlike LH, CBX did not activate MAPK in the follicular cells, and inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway by means of UO126 did not prevent the resumption of meiosis. Injection of CBX into the ovarian bursa of intact animals stimulated maturation in 30% of the oocytes, whereas no maturation was observed in the contralateral ovary injected with PBS. We conclude that, because experimentally induced breakdown of communication within the ovarian follicle is associated with a drop in intraoocyte cAMP concentrations and results in resumption of meiosis, this could be the physiological mechanism employed by LH to stimulate oocyte maturation. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTObjective: Despite the significance of ethical issues faced by social workers, research on moral distress among social workers has been extremely limited. The aim of the current study is to describe the development and content validation of a unique questionnaire to measure moral distress among social workers in long-term care facilities for older adults in Israel. Methods: The construction of the questionnaire was based on a secondary analysis of a qualitative study that addressed the moral dilemma of social workers in nursing homes in Israel. A content validation included review and evaluation by two experts, a cognitive interview with a nursing home social worker, and three focus groups of experts and the target population. Results: The initial questionnaire consisted of 25 items. After the content validation process the questionnaire in its final version, consisted of 17 items and included two scales, measuring the frequency of morally loaded events and the intensity of distress that followed them. Conclusions: We believe that the questionnaire can contribute by broadening and deepening ethics discourse and research, with regard to social workers’ obligation dilemmas and conflicts. 相似文献
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