用改良消减法克隆类风湿性关节炎滑膜细胞中的高表达基因

0　引言　在类风湿性关节炎 (rheumatoid arthritis,RA)中 ,关节内滑膜细胞 (fibroblast- like synovial cells,FL S)的过度增生是造成关节软骨破坏和关节畸形的关键环节 ,为了研究滑膜细胞发生增殖的机制 ,我们采用赵忠良等人设计的改良消减杂交法[1 ] ,并以骨性关节炎 (osteoarthritis,OA)滑膜细胞为对照筛选 RA滑膜细胞中的高表达基因 .1　方法　将 RA滑膜细胞和 OA滑膜细胞分别设定为实验组和扣除组 ,用扣除组的 c DNAs杂交扣除掉实验组中与前者相同的 c DNAs,得到的就是目的产物 :实验组中高拷贝数的或独有的 c DNAs,也就是 …     

三种阳离子脂质体介导血管内皮细胞基因转染效率的比较

目的:评价不同阳离子脂质体介导基因转染血管内皮细胞的转染效率。方法:实验于2006-12/2007-02在中山大学生化实验室及广州市创伤外科研究所完成。采用增强型绿色荧光蛋白基因为报告基因,分别采用Lipofectin、Lipofectamine、Dosper3种不同的阳离子脂质体为载体,转染人脐静脉血管内皮细胞。在24孔板中,每孔加入人脐静脉血管内皮细胞悬液(1×106个细胞),各孔分别加入3种不同阳离子脂质体增强型绿色荧光蛋白质粒复合物,分别于培养24,48h后用荧光显微镜及流式细胞仪测定增强型绿色荧光蛋白在细胞内的表达及转染效率。结果:3种不同阳离子介导的增强型绿色荧光蛋白基因转染的人脐静脉血管内皮细胞内均有绿色荧光蛋白表达,24h后明显,48h后达高峰。Dosper介导组绿色荧光细胞百分比明显高于Lipofectin介导组及Lipofectamine介导组,差异有非常显著意义(P<0.01)。结论:Dosper介导的血管内皮细胞基因转染效率较高,较适合作为血管内皮细胞的基因转染载体。     

亮菌甲素速溶片剂的研制及其利胆作用研究

试制出亮菌甲素速溶片剂(A),并以市售品亮菌甲素片剂(B)、亮菌甲素粉针(C)等作对照,考察了它们对大鼠体内胆汁分泌作用的影响,并测定了A和B的体外溶出速率。结果表明,A片剂比B片剂明显地增强了利胆作用,A片的体外溶出速率也较B片为快。     

Lack of a co-promoting effect of a 60 Hz magnetic field on skin tumorigenesis in SENCAR mice

It has been proposed that extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields may enhance tumorigenesis through a co-promotional mechanism. This hypothesis has been further tested using the two-stage model of mouse skin carcinogenesis, i.e. 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)- induced promotion of skin tumors in mice initiated by a single subcarcinogenic dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Experimentation described herein utilized the SENCAR mouse and examined the effect of a magnetic field on skin tumor promotion induced by three different doses of TPA within its dose-response range, i.e. 0.85, 1.70 or 3.40 nmol, administered twice per week. SENCAR mice (56/treatment group) were exposed to a 60 Hz magnetic field having a flux density of 2 mT for 6 h/day for 5 days/week and compared with mice exposed to the ambient magnetic field. Tumor incidence and multiplicity were monitored weekly for 23 weeks of TPA promotion. Statistical evaluation of the effects of the magnetic field on tumor incidence and multiplicity did not reveal any statistically significant effects; thus, within the sensitivity limits imposed by the animal model and the exposure parameters employed, no promotional or co-promotional effect of a 2 mT magnetic field on skin tumor development in SENCAR mice could be demonstrated.      

番荔枝种子化学成分研究

从番荔枝Annona squamosa L.种子的乙醇提取物分得三个polyketide类化合物:squamostatin-8(Ⅰ),annonin-vl(Ⅱ)和desacetyluvaricin(Ⅲ)以及胡萝卜甙(daucosterol,IV)。其中Ⅰ是一种新的polyketide,经光谱解析方法,测定了Ⅰ的化学结构式和部分碳原子的立体化学.     

Silibinin prevents amyloid β peptide-induced memory impairment and oxidative stress in mice

Background and purpose:

Accumulated evidence suggests that oxidative stress is involved in amyloid β (Aβ)-induced cognitive dysfunction. Silibinin (silybin), a flavonoid derived from the herb milk thistle (Silybum marianum), has been shown to have antioxidative properties; however, it remains unclear whether silibinin improves Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. In the present study, we examined the effect of silibinin on the memory impairment and accumulation of oxidative stress induced by Aβ_25–35 in mice.

Experimental approach:

Aggregated Aβ_25–35 (3 nmol) was intracerebroventricularly administered to mice. Treatment with silibinin (2, 20 and 200 mg·kg⁻¹, once a day, p.o.) was started immediately after the injection of Aβ_25–35. Locomotor activity was evaluated 6 days after the Aβ_25–35 treatment, and cognitive function was evaluated in a Y-maze and novel object recognition tests 6–11 days after the Aβ_25–35 treatment. The levels of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and antioxidant (glutathione) in the hippocampus were measured 7 days after the Aβ_25–35 injection.

Key results:

Silibinin prevented the memory impairment induced by Aβ_25–35 in the Y-maze and novel object recognition tests. Repeated treatment with silibinin attenuated the Aβ_25–35-induced accumulation of malondialdehyde and depletion of glutathione in the hippocampus.

Conclusions and implications:

Silibinin prevents memory impairment and oxidative damage induced by Aβ_25–35 and may be a potential therapeutic agent for Alzheimer''s disease.     

Salmonella enteritidis orchitis in a 10–week-old boy

Extraintestinal manifestations of salmonellosis in paediatric patients are found predominantly in infants less than three months of age. Genital involvement is a rare complication. We present a short review of the literature and describe the case of a 10–week-old boy suffering from severe diarrhoea, who presented with a swelling of the right testicle after six days of illness. He underwent surgery on suspicion of testicular torsion, whereby orchitis was diagnosed. Salmonella enteritidis was cultured from the intraoperative swab. All cultures from blood, CSF and urine remained sterile. We conclude that orchitis must be taken into consideration as an extraintestinal complication of enteric salmonellosis and as a differential diagnosis of tcsticular torsion. In addition, we wish to emphasize that any infant less than three months of age with suspected or proven salmonellosis, should receive early antibiotic treatment.     

Postoperative pain treatment on wards – USA experience

A large variety of treatment options are now available to experienced pain therapists. Effective doses of opioids can be administered by the oral, rectal, transdermal, or sublingual route, or by subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous injection or infusion. Patient–controlled analgesia (PCA) is now familiar and commonly available. Most PCA pumps also offer the option to add a continuous background infusion to the basic patinet–controlled mode with the possibility of therapeutic benefits and new problems. Alternative delivery routes and PCA drugs have been reported.
A variety of neural blockade techniques can provide effective and safe analgesia. These include topical application, local infiltration of incicions, and blockade of peripheral nerves or plexuses. Intrathecal and epidural opioids are now commonly used to control pain following a wide variety of surgical procedures, but many questions remain to be answered.
The concept of postoperative pain management by anesthesiologists is growing in popularity in North America. It is not surprising that such a revolutionaryidea involving basic changes in long–established practices is receiving attention not only from clinicians, but also from economists and politicians. One manifestation of this attention in the United States is a clinical practice guideline entitled Acute Pain Management: Operative or Medical Procedures and Trauma. Important elements of the guideline include recognition of historic inadequacies in postoperative pain management and acknowledgement of the importance of effective pain control.