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41.
Michael Patrick Lux Sven Ackermann Mayada R Bani Caroline Nestle-Kr?mling Timm O Goecke Dieter Niederacher R Bodden-Heidrich Hans-Georg Bender Matthias Wilhelm Beckmann Peter Andreas Fasching 《European journal of cancer prevention》2005,14(6):503-511
INTRODUCTION: Some 5-10% of all cases of breast cancer and ovarian cancer have a hereditary genesis. In the setting of an interdisciplinary cancer genetics clinic, a study of the age at which patients first take advantage of early cancer detection (ECD) facilities was conducted in order to assess the influence of familial risk on health issues. METHODS: The study included 556 women who fulfilled the inclusion criteria (IC) for genetic analysis of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, as well as 205 who did not meet these criteria but attended the primary consultation. RESULTS: Consulters who met the inclusion criteria took advantage of nearly all methods of ECD at an earlier time than women who did not. A comparison of consulters with or without breast cancer showed that those without breast cancer participated in all methods of ECD at an earlier time. CONCLUSION: Methods of improving and increasing participation in ECD facilities, and of encouraging women who are at risk to start on such programs at a younger age, need to be discussed. In this study, familial risk already resulted in a younger age of uptake of ECD facilities. 相似文献
42.
Elke K?hler Veronika Sollich Renate Schuster-Wonka Jürgen Hühnerbein Gerhard Jorch 《Journal of aerosol medicine》2004,17(2):116-122
Using nebulization, only a small proportion of the dose reaches the lungs, while the remainder is swallowed, exhaled into the atmosphere, or remains in the nebulizer. It was the purpose of this study to investigate whether wearing a noseclip during inhalation can improve lung deposition. Relative lung deposition was compared by inhalation of the marker substance, sodium cromoglycate (SCG), and measurement of urinary excretion of SCG. The SCG absorption half-life allows one to differentiate indirectly between a more or less peripheral deposition. Ten CF patients (9-18 years old) inhaled, under routine conditions, a solution containing 20 mg of SCG in a randomized crossover design through a mouthpiece, without and with a noseclip being worn. Following inhalation without and with a noseclip, no statistically significant difference was seen in the amount of SCG excreted in urine (0.9 +/- 0.4 mg vs. 1.0 +/- 0.5 mg; p = 0.402) and absorption half-life (93 +/- 25 min vs. 113 +/- 36 min; p = 0.083). In conclusion, wearing a noseclip during inhalation under conditions relevant to practice does not increase the amount deposited into the lungs of CF patients and, also, there has been no indication of a more peripheral lung deposition. 相似文献
43.
Methanol and hot-aqueous extracts of 25 different plant species, used in Yemeni traditional medicine and growing, partly as endemic plants, on the island Soqotra have been investigated for their antiviral activity. In addition, the phytochemical identification of the main chemical constituents was performed. The extracts were assayed in two in vitro viral systems, which used influenza virus type A/MDCK cells and herpes simplex virus type 1/Vero cells, at non-cytotoxic concentrations. The herpes simplex virus type 1 showed more sensitivity than the influenza virus type A against the extracts investigated. The methanol extracts of Boswellia ameero, Boswellia elongata, Buxus hildebrandtii, Cissus hamaderohensis, Cleome socotrana, Dracaena cinnabari, Exacum affine, Jatropha unicostata and Kalanchoe farinacea showed anti-influenza virus type A activity with 50% inhibition (IC50) concentrations ranging from 0.7 to 12.5 microg/mL. In addition, 17 plants of the 25 investigated exhibited anti-HSV-1 activity. The antiviral activity of some active extracts was also observed on a molecular level. 相似文献
44.
Soellner R 《Substance use & misuse》2005,40(9-10):1279-1293
In this paper the epidemiology of club drug use in Germany, including the use of 3,4-methylendioxy-N-methamphetamine (MDMA) known as 'ecstasy' and related substances such as speed, amphetamines, hallucinogens, and cannabis is described on the basis of five different surveys. Two of them are representative household surveys to monitor the licit and illicit drug use behavior of the German population. The third one is a longitudinal study aimed at exploring comorbidity and posited risk and protective factors in adolescents and young adults with specific emphasis on substance use-related disorders. Since ecstasy seemed to be associated with a new music culture of the '90s called "techno," two studies investigating the relationship of using ecstasy and related substances in the techno party scene are additionally presented. The question of the clinical impact of using ecstasy and related substances is raised in terms of substance use-related and mental disorders associated with the use of ecstasy. Finally, the motivation for using and stopping the use of ecstasy is addressed. It is shown that ecstasy has reached the second place (after cannabis) in illegal drug preferences of adolescents and young adults in Germany. Evidence is found that ecstasy use as well as ecstasy use-related disorders such as "abuse" and "dependence" are of a transient, "youth-limited" nature. 相似文献
45.
Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on the development of rat offspring were studied after administration of a loading dose of 300 or 1000 ng TCDD/kg
body wt on day 19 of pregnancy, followed by weekly maintenance doses of 120 or 400 ng TCDD/kg body wt. The dose regimens led
to a fluctuation of average TCDD concentrations in the liver of the offspring of 4.9–14.9 ng/g (TCDD1000/400 group) or 1.4–6.3
ng/g (TCDD300/120 group) during the course of the experiment. In both TCDD-exposed groups the body weight of the offspring
was significantly lower on postnatal day 7 (PND 7); in the high dose group from PND 7 to PND 31. Some landmarks of postnatal
development were retarded in the exposed groups; in particular, the vaginal opening was delayed for several days in both TCDD-exposed
groups. The TCDD-exposed animals revealed a reduced ability to remain on a rotating rod. During reflex testing, the rate of
successfully responding animals was higher in the exposed groups. No statistically significant differences in the locomotor
activity between controls and TCDD-exposed offspring were detectable under our experimental conditions. In a discrimination
learning test no effects on the learning ability were found. However, TCDD-exposed offspring showed an increase in unanswered
trials during critical phases of the task. They also exhibited increased locomotor activity in a novel environment; prior
to an amphetamine challenge dose of 1 mg/kg body weight. Amphetamine-induced activity was decreased in a dose-dependent manner.
Received: 2 May 1994 / Accepted: 13 July 1994 相似文献
46.
Fleisch MC Lux J Schoppe M Grieshaber K Hampl M 《Gynecologic and obstetric investigation》2008,65(2):81-83
A 30-year-old gravida 2 para 1 was admitted to hospital 2 years after cesarean section at 20 weeks' gestation with acute onset of abdominal pain and hypovolaemic shock. Emergency laparotomy revealed a uterine rupture located in the anterior uterine wall caused by a placenta percreta and supracervical hysterectomy was performed. This site of invasion and finally rupture was in projection of the previous lower-segment cesarean section. This report illustrates the dramatic consequences of abnormal placentation after prior uterine surgery, which can already occur early during pregnancy and prior to the onset of labour. 相似文献
47.
Ted L. Rosenthal Renate H. Rosenthal Alice F. Chang 《Cognitive therapy and research》1977,1(2):143-159
Direct, modeled, or imaginal shocks administered by therapist or recipient were compared as aversion techniques for 60 women college students with severe nail-biting habits. All methods increased habit control (p <.001)on self-report and objective measures but with no outcome differences among treatments. Providing mental rehearsal guidance for extralaboratory use failed to alter outcome but raised client optimism to ward therapy. Vicarious aversion produced the most rapid heart rates and, typically, the greatest subjective arousal; no data suggested that direct shock was superior. In a second study with unselected student volunteers of both sexes, modeled shock consistently surpassed imaginal shock in ratings of perceived badness, subjective discomfort, and vividness of covert pain (p <.01).Treatment and ethical implications were discussed.
We are indebted to Lisa Obstfeld, who performed ably as the long-suffering model, and to Albert Bandura, Mary Gabrielson, Glenn M. White, and Louis Zimmer, who assisted with other matters. Part of this research was completed while all authors were at the University of Arizona, Tucson. 相似文献
48.
Renate Vollbrechtshausen 《Parasitology research》1953,15(6):437-456
Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 2 Textabbildungen.Herrn Prof. Dr. F. Alverdes und Herrn Prof. Dr. R. Bieling danke ich für die Anregung zu dieser Arbeit und für die stete Förderung bei ihrer Durchführung. 相似文献
49.
Jamie Lütscher Christa Hauswirth Siegenthaler Caroline Hertler David Blum Paul Windisch Renate Grathwohl Shaker Christina Schrder Daniel Rudolf Zwahlen 《Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)》2022,29(6):4235
Cancer burdens not only the patients themselves but also their personal environment. A few studies have already focused on the mental health and personal needs of caregivers of patients. The purpose of this retrospective analysis was to further assess the emotional burden and unmet needs for support of caregivers in a population of brain metastasis patients. In the time period 2013–2020, we identified 42 informal caregivers of their respective patients after palliative radiation treatment for brain metastases. The caregivers completed two standardized questionnaires about different treatment aspects, their emotional burden, and unmet needs for support. Involvement of psycho-oncology and palliative care was examined in a chart review. The majority of the caregivers (71.4%, n = 30) suffered from high emotional burden during cancer treatment of their relatives and showed unmet needs for emotional and psychosocial support, mostly referring to information needs and the involvement in the patient’s treatment decisions. Other unmet needs referred to handling personal needs and fears of dealing with the sick cancer patient in terms of practical care tasks and appropriate communication. Palliative care was involved in 30 cases and psycho-oncology in 12 cases. There is a high need for emotional and psychosocial support in informal caregivers of cancer patients. There might still be room for an improvement of psychosocial and psycho-oncological support. Care planning should cater to the emotional burden and unmet needs of informal caregivers as well. Further prospective studies in larger samples should be performed in order to confirm this analysis. 相似文献
50.
Min Yan Zhaoming Dong Frank Zhao Thomas Chauncey Delva Deauna‐Limayo Jessica Wang‐Rodriguez Dayu Liu Huan‐You Wang Renate Pilz 《European journal of haematology》2014,93(1):77-80
As a distinct type of aggressive mature large B‐cell lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) poses diagnostic and treatment challenges. PBL is distinguished from other B‐cell lymphomas by the presence of plasmacytic differentiation markers such as CD38, CD138, and MUM1. Clinically, PBLs from oral and extra‐oral sites are rapidly progressive tumors with frequent relapse after treatment with standard diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma regimens. Here, we report a near‐complete response of one patient with relapsed PBL following treatment with a non‐cytotoxic regimen containing bortezomib, rituximab, and dexamethasone. 相似文献