Atypical Ocular Presentations of Rosai-Dorfman Disease

Purpose: To report atypical ocular findings of Rosai-Dorfman disease and to determine association with parvovirus 19. Design: The study is an observational case series of three patients that had atypical ocular presentations of Rosai-Dorfman disease. Methods: A multicenter, retrospective case series of 3 patients was evaluated for varied ocular complaints, including enlarging epibulbar masses and uveitis. Histologic specimens were examined retrospectively for parvovirus 19 antigen. Results: Patients presented with ocular findings prior to or concurrently with systemic findings, with and without associated lymphadenopathy. Two cases presented with epibulbar masses, one with the mass as the only sign of disease while the other exhibited multinodal involvement with bilateral epibulbar masses and anterior granulomatous inflammation. Parvovirus B19 antibody staining was negative in these cases. The final case exhibited bilateral anterior granulomatous inflammation and choroidal infiltrates. Conclusions: Ocular findings may be the sole or presenting complaint in Rosai-Dorfman disease prior to recognition of systemic disease and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of epibulbar masses as well as anterior and posterior granulomatous inflammation.     

Expansion of gutta-percha in contact with various concentrations of zinc oxide-eugenol sealer: a three-dimensional volumetric study

Introduction

Successful endodontic treatment depends on achievement of a fluid-tight seal that is not possible solely with gutta-percha and requires the use of a root canal sealer. Eugenol, which is a principal component in zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) based sealers, is reported to produce a volumetric expansion of gutta-percha. The aim of this study was to evaluate the three-dimensional expansion of gutta-percha at various powder/liquid ratios of ZOE-based sealer by using spiral computed tomography (SCT).

Methods

Fifty freshly extracted premolars with single canal were decoronated and instrumented by using RaCe rotary instruments (35/06). The teeth were divided into 5 groups of 10 each, and volume of the canal was measured by using SCT. The teeth were then obturated with gutta-percha cones (35/04) in groups ZE 1:1 to ZE 1:4 with Pulp Canal Sealer EWT (ZOE-based) with powder/liquid ratio of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4, respectively, and gutta-percha alone in control group (no sealer group). The filled volume in each canal was measured by using SCT 1 day, 7 days, and 1 month after obturation, and percentages of obturated volume and of volume changes in groups over time were calculated. The data were statistically analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc multiple comparison tests.

Results

The groups ZE 1:2 and ZE 1:3 gave the highest mean volume values during a 1-month period and were significantly different in comparison with groups ZE 1:1 and ZE 1:4 (P < .05).

Conclusions

Increasing the ratio of eugenol in sealer resulted in volumetric increase of gutta-percha. However, further studies should be performed to confirm the expansion and sealing ability of gutta-percha of the size corresponding to the prepared canal, leading to the achievement of fluid impervious seal.     

Single use of tetracycline with and without diclofenac sodium as local drug delivery in pocket therapy: a clinico‐microbiological study

Aim: Local drug delivery is a non‐surgical method in the treatment of periodontitis. Different chemotherapeutic agents are used for local drug delivery; one such agent is tetracycline, a broad‐spectrum antibiotic. Recent studies have also shown that the use of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs reduces pro‐inflammatory cytokines and acts as host modulator. Thus, an attempt was made to compare and evaluate the efficacy of tetracycline alone and in combination with diclofenac sodium as a local drug delivery. Methods: A total of 36 sites with chronic periodontitis were divided into three groups with 12 sites each (i.e. group A, antibiotics alone; group B, antibiotics in combination with non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs; and group C, control group). For all the groups, the following parameters (plaque index, papillary bleeding index, probing pocket depth, and microbial analysis) were assessed and statistically analyzed. Results: The antibiotic and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug combination group showed a statistically‐significant improvement in clinical parameters and a shift in microbial flora when compared to the group with antibiotics alone. However, the control group failed to show any statistically‐significant improvement. Conclusion: Antibiotics in combination with non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs are more efficient than using antibiotics alone as local drug delivery for the treatment of periodontal pockets.     

Evaluation of anti-vibration effectiveness of glove materials using an animal model

Gloves with anti-vibration features are increasingly used to reduce impact vibrations or shocks transmitted to the hands of power tool operators. Selection and evaluation of the glove materials are important steps in the designs of such gloves. In the current study, we proposed an approach to objectively evaluate the effectiveness of the glove materials using a rat-tail impact model. As a critical part of a systematic investigation, we examined the vibration reduction characteristics of typical resilient glove materials (air bladders and viscoelastic gels) and the impact vibrations transmitted to the rat tail. A special test platform that mimics impact tool vibrations was constructed and used in the experiment. A scanning laser vibrometer was used to measure the vibration at points across the platform surface under several different test conditions. The peak acceleration was found to be greatly attenuated by the glove materials, especially by using strips from a gel-filled glove. The rat tail was found to effectively absorb the high-frequency vibration. However, the glove materials and the rat tail did not reduce the frequency-weighted acceleration. The implications of the experimental results are discussed.