Palliative radiotherapy with 1 × 8 Gy using conformal radiotherapy for chemotherapy-refractory,recurrent, aggressive lymphomas

We performed palliative radiotherapy with a single-fraction of 8 Gy using a three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) technique for patients with dyspnea due to a bulky nasooropharyngeal lesion who had chemotherapy-refractory, recurrent, aggressive lymphoma. After palliative radiotherapy, a complete response with acceptable toxicity was achieved at the irradiated sites of two patients, and the symptoms resolved completely. These results indicated that a single fraction of 8 Gy using 3D-CRT is an effective palliative treatment for chemotherapy-refractory, recurrent, aggressive lymphoma.     

Ameloblastoma in the interalveolar septum: Report of five cases

Five cases are described of patients with a histopathological diagnosis of ameloblastoma located in the interalveolar septum. The results were:

Cross-sectional imaging of the jaws for dental implant treatment: accuracy of linear tomography using a panoramic machine in comparison with reformatted computed tomography

PURPOSE: Although various panoramic X-ray machines with linear tomographic functions are now frequently applied to diagnosis related to dental implant treatment, the angles of the tomographic objective planes are automatically determined and cannot be adjusted for individual patients. To resolve this problem, a direct laser positioning (DLP) system was developed. In this investigation, the measurement accuracy of images obtained by the DLP system in comparison with those from reformatted computed tomography (CT) was assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A rectangular parallel piped phantom was scanned with the system and the height and width were measured on linear tomograms. Ten sites in 3 dried mandibles and 21 mandibular molar sites in 15 patients were examined both with the DLP system and the reformatted CT to compare the measured values on both images. RESULTS: The phantom experiment showed that the difference between the actual and measured heights and widths of the phantom were within 1 mm. DISCUSSION: The difference between the values obtained by the DLP system and CT was slightly larger in the patients than those in the dried mandibles. CONCLUSION: The DLP measurement accuracy was deemed sufficient for clinical use.     

Atypical motor neuron disease with supranuclear vertical gaze palsy and slow saccades

In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), eye movements are usually preserved even after the long-term use of respirators. The present study evaluated a 57-year-old male patient who showed clinical findings compatible with ALS but exhibited disorders of eye movements before he needed to be on an artificial respiration system. The patient had noted clumsiness and weakness in all extremities 5 years before presentation of abnormal eye movements. The results of electromyography and muscle biopsy were compatible with ALS. However, supranuclear vertical gaze palsy and slow saccades are seen. The present case might be representative of a distinct clinical entity, motor neuron disease with disorders of eye movement.     

Abnormal deviation of subjective visual horizontal in patients with vestibular schwannoma

OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed to examine the correlation between the results of subjective visual horizontal (SVH) and other vestibular function tests in patients with untreated unilateral vestibular schwannoma (VS). METHODS: The subjects comprised 40 consecutive patients (17 men, 23 women) with VS who underwent vestibular function tests before surgery and had surgically and histopathologically confirmed unilateral VS. The vestibular function tests included SVH, caloric, and vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) tests. RESULTS: Of the 40 patients, 31 (77.5%) showed deviation of the SVH toward the affected side down. Especially in 8 patients (20.0%), abnormal deviation (more than 2.2 degrees) toward the affected side down was seen. None of the patients showed abnormal deviation toward the unaffected side down. On the caloric test, the proportion of absent caloric responses and the percent canal paresis in patients with an abnormal SVH was significantly higher than those in patients with a normal SVH. The proportion of abnormal VEMP responses was higher and the percent VEMP asymmetry was smaller in patients with an abnormal SVH than in patients with a normal SVH; however, the differences were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal results on the caloric test and/or VEMP test were more frequently seen in VS patients with abnormal deviation of the SVH.     

Intraoperative evaluation of myometrial invasion and histological type and grade in endometrial cancer: diagnostic value of frozen section

Purpose  

We have conducted a retrospective, comparative analysis of the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis and frozen section diagnosis relative to postoperative diagnosis.     

A case of long-term survival of 5 years after operation and chemotherapy for type 4 gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination

We report a case of long-term survival of 5 years after operation and chemotherapy for type 4 gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination. A 41-year-old woman underwent total gastrectomy for type 4 gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination and pancreas invasion. After operation, chemotherapy with S-1 plus PSK therapy, S-1 plus CDDP, and S-1 plus DOC was performed. The regimen of S-1 plus CDDP included S-1 on day 1-5, 8-12, 15-19, 22-26 and 2 weeks rest and PSK daily. After S-1 plus PSK therapy(34th course), peritoneal recurrence caused ileus, so a right hemicolonectomy was performed. Now the patient is undergoing weekly paclitaxel. The S-1 plus PSK therapy is able to prolong time to progression and has fewer adverse effects.