Binding of herpes simplex virus to regional areas of the rodent brain

The binding of 3H-thymidine labeled herpes simplex virus to homogenates of rodent brain regions and liver was examined. The results indicated that binding sites in the brain are distributed in a non-uniform manner, the specific pattern observed depending upon the age of the animal. In addition, binding was found to be reduced by pretreatment of the labeled virus with specific antiserum or trypsin. These results suggest that the distribution of herpes simplex virus receptors is one of the factors determining neurotropism and the localization of infection within the brain.     

Reconstructive flaps in otolaryngology

The modern day otolaryngologist commonly faces reconstructive problems related to tissue loss secondary to neoplasms, trauma, infections and congenital deformities. Basic understanding of tissue types and flap configuration will allow the otolaryngologist to handle these problems adequately. Basic principles such as tissue texture, color, and varieties of flaps will be covered. Major emphasis will be placed on reconstructive flaps for the lips, nose and cheek.     

The role of IgA in the prevention of bacterial colonization of the jejunum in the vagotomized subject

The efficacy of three mechanisms of defence against jejunal bacterial colonization (i.e. gastric acid, vagal and pyloric integrity and intestinal IgA) has been investigated. Only in subjects with disturbance of all three mechanisms did significant jejunal colonization occur, and this was invariably associated with severe diarrhoea. Clearly normal intestinal IgA is of critical importance in the prevention of jejunal bacterial colonization in the vagotomized subject.     

Lethality of a suspended clay to a diverse selection of marine and estuarine macrofauna

In this investigation, an evaluation was made of the lethality of a suspended clay mineral texturally representative of the sediment-size fraction with which contaminants are most commonly associated. The study involved a phylogenetically diverse selection of marine and estuarine macrofauna. The time-concentration mortality response of 16 species of fish and invertebrates indicated widely differing sensitivities to high concentrations of clay suspended in the water. Organisms restricted to muddy bottoms were found to be very insensitive to high suspended clay concentrations. However, some open water fish, fouling organisms, and sandy bottom epifauna were found to be relatively sensitive. Tolerant species were also identified from these groups.     

萘磺酰胺衍生物对细菌脂多糖诱导小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞分泌肿瘤坏死因子的影响

研究了6种氯代萘磺酰胺衍生物对细菌脂多糖(LPS)诱导经卡西霉素A_(23187)体外激活的巨噬细胞分泌肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)作用的影响。表明:将氯代萘磺酰胺的氨基接以亲水性不同长度碳链的胺基,所得衍生物可明显抑制LPS诱生TNF的作用;接以疏水性烷基,则可明显增强亚适剂量的LPS诱生TNF的作用,且碳链长度对化合物的作用强度有一定的影响。     

Evidence for sequential utilization of fibronectin, vitronectin, and collagen during fibroblast-mediated collagen contraction

Contraction plays a major role in wound healing and is inevitably mediated through the mechanical interaction of fibroblast cytoskeleton and integrins with their extracellular matrix ligands. Cell-matrix attachment is critical for such events. In human dermal fibroblasts most such interactions are mediated by the beta1-type integrins. This study investigated the role played by key components in this system, notably fibronectin, vitronectin, and integrin subcomponents alpha2 and alpha5, which recognize collagen and fibronectin. Inhibition of adhesion through these ligands was studied either by antibody blocking or with fibronectin and/or vitronectin depletion. Functional effects of inhibition were monitored as force generation in collagen-glycosaminoglycan (IntegraTM) sponges, over 20 hours using a culture force monitor. Dose and time-course inhibition studies indicated that initial attachment and force generation (approx. 0-5 hours postseeding) was through fibronectin receptors and this was followed by vitronectin ligand and receptor utilization (4 hours onward). Utilization of the collagen integrin subcomponent alpha2 appeared to be increasingly important between 6 and 16 hours and dominant thereafter. Additionally, there was evidence for functional interdependence between the three ligand systems fibronectin, vitronectin, and collagen. We propose that there is a short cascade of sequential integrin-ligand interactions as cells attach to, extend through, and eventually contract their matrix. (WOUND REP REG 2002;10:-408)     

Community mental health program efficiency

Six urban community mental health centers participated in a capitated payment system designed for persons with severe mental illness who frequently used the state hospital. The centers and their funding agency agreed that a chief outcome measure would be the length of time clients were able to remain enrolled in the outpatient program. Clients of the six agencies were quite similar to one another. During the 18-month study length of enrollment in the outpatient program did not vary among the agencies whereas agency expenditures varied by more than three-fold. Although some of this expenditure variation was due to economies of scale at larger agencies, different practice styles also contributed to variable efficiency.This study was partially supported by the National Institute of Mental Health, grant numbers P50 MH43458 and R01 MH45015.