血清、尿液β2-m对Graves'病患者检测的临床意义

目的：探讨血清、尿液β2-微球蛋白（β2-mieroglobulin，β2-m）对毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿（graves diseases，Graves）患者β2-m含量与甲状腺激素的关系，了解其变化情况及临床意义。方法：采用放射免疫分析和化学发光免疫分析测定了82例Graves病初发未治疗组与同一组经治疗的69例缓解组及13例未缓解组。并和40例健康对照组进行血清、尿液β2-m含量与FT3、FL4、TGA、TMA血清检测。结果：初发组与未缓解组β2-m含量与FT3、FT4含量显著高于健康对照组（P〈0．01）。经治疗组β2-m含量与FT3、FT4含量同步缓解而下降至正常，与未治疗组对比（P〈0．01）。对比健康正常组差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。82例Graves病初发组TGA阳性率为48．7％（40／82），TMA阳性率为53．66％（44／82）。未缓解组TGA阳性率为15．38％（2／13），TMA阳性率为23．07％（3／13）。缓解组TGA、TMA仍有13．04％、15．94％阳性。结论：甲状腺疾病患者β2-m含量与甲状腺激素有密切关系，提示β2-m可作为Graves病疗效观察、病情变化及预后判断的一项辅助诊断指标。     

视网膜与松果体相关关系研究现状

就近年关于对视网膜与松果体在胚胎期的发生与形成、在成年时期的结构与功能等诸多方面的相似性进行了探讨，同时对两者的相互关系与相互影响进行了分析。随着对该领域不断深入的探讨，将有益于对视觉的重新认识和眼科临床的发展。     

解密《内经》“气”理论(Ⅺ)

为加快中医学基础理论现代化的步伐 ,笔者进行了解密《内经》“气”理论探索 ,提出了皮肤组织液中的水应是《内经》中的“津” ,而蕴涵在其中的热能应是“津”的本质。     

抑制TNFR/RIPK信号通路对神经细胞凋亡的影响及机制研究

【摘要】 目的 研究抑制TNFR/RIPK信号通路对急性脊髓损伤（ASCI）大鼠神经细胞凋亡的影响及作用机制。方法 160只雄性SD大鼠,随机分为空白对照组、假手术组、模型组、Nec 1组,每组又根据时间点分为12h、24h、3d、7d四个亚组。采用动脉夹钳夹法制作ASCI模型,空白对照组不做任何处理,假手术组仅暴露脊髓,不损伤脊髓,模型组和Nec 1组用动脉瘤夹脊髓全横截面1min,缝合伤口。空白对照组、假手术组和模型组注射给予生理盐水,Nec 1组注射坏死性凋亡抑制剂Necrostain 1（Nec 1）溶液1μl/kg,1次/d,分别给药12h、24h、3d、7d。给药后以BBB评分对各组大鼠后肢神经功能恢复情况进行评分,完成评分后,取10只给药7d的大鼠脊髓,进行HE染色、Nissl染色、碘化丙啶（PI）染色、Tunel染色;另取10只给药7d的大鼠,取脊髓,用Western Blot检测RIP1、RIP3、Bcl 2蛋白表达情况。结果 模型组和Nec 1组各时间点的BBB评分均显著低于空白对照组和假手术组（P＜005）,Nec 1组各时间点的BBB评分显著高于模型组（P＜005）。造模7d后,模型组脊髓出现坏死、空洞现象,大量炎性细胞浸润,坏死区域面积显著高于假手术组（P＜005）;尼氏体呈细颗粒状,神经元数量减少、染色浅、排列无序,坏死性凋亡细胞较多;PI红染细胞、Tunel阳性细胞数、凋亡小体数量,以及RIPK1、RIPK3、Bcl 2蛋白表达水平显著多于假手术组（P＜005）。给予Nec 1治疗7d后,Nec 1组脊髓坏死组织较模型组少,空洞现象得到改善,炎性细胞浸润现象好转,Nec 1组坏死区域面积显著低于空白对照组和假手术组（P＜005）;尼氏体着色的神经元细胞染色较深,颗粒变粗,存活神经元数量显著高于模型组（P＜005）;PI红染细胞数、凋亡小体数,以及RIPK1、RIPK3蛋白表达水平显著少于模型组（P＜005）,Bcl 2蛋白表达水平显著高于模型组（P＜005）。结论 坏死性凋亡抑制剂Nec 1能通过抑制TNFR/RIPK信号通路,下调RIPK1、RIPK3、上调Bcl 2的表达来缩小ASCI损伤面积,缓解炎症浸润,减少损伤周围神经元数量,改善神经元功能,提高损伤神经元及胶质细胞存活率,改善大鼠BBB评分,抑制坏死性凋亡。     

Local vanadium release from a calcium sulfate carrier accelerates fracture healing

This study evaluated the efficacy of using calcium sulfate (CaSO₄) as a carrier for intramedullary delivery of an organic vanadium salt, vanadyl acetylacetonate (VAC) after femoral fracture. VAC can act as an insulin‐mimetic and can be used to accelerate fracture healing in rats. A heterogenous mixture of VAC and CaSO₄ was delivered to the fracture site of BB Wistar rats, and mechanical testing, histomorphometry, micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) were performed to measure healing. At 4 weeks after fracture, maximum torque to failure, effective shear modulus, and effective shear stress were all significantly higher (p < 0.05) in rats treated with 0.25 mg/kg VAC–CaSO₄ as compared to carrier control rats. Histomorphometry found a 71% increase in percent cartilage matrix (p < 0.05) and a 64% decrease in percent mineralized tissue (p < 0.05) at 2 weeks after fracture in rats treated with 0.25 mg/kg of VAC–CaSO₄. Micro‐CT analyses at 4 weeks found a more organized callus structure and higher trending maximum connected z‐ray. fraction for VAC–CaSO₄ groups. Evaluation of radiographs and serial histological sections at 12 weeks did not show any evidence of ectopic bone formation. As compared to previous studies, CaSO₄ was an effective carrier for reducing the dose of VAC required to accelerate femoral fracture healing in rats. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:727–734, 2014.     

Whiplash evokes descending muscle recruitment and sympathetic responses characteristic of startle

Whiplash injuries are the most common injuries following rear-end collisions. During a rear-end collision, the human muscle response consists of both a postural and a startle response that may exacerbate injury. However, most previous studies only assessed the presence of startle using data collected from the neck muscles and head/neck kinematics. The startle response also evokes a descending pattern of muscle recruitment and changes in autonomic activity. Here we examined the recruitment of axial and appendicular muscles along with autonomic responses to confirm whether these other features of a startle response were present during the first exposure to a whiplash perturbation. Ten subjects experienced a single whiplash perturbation while recording electromyography, electrocardiogram, and electrodermal responses. All subjects exhibited a descending pattern of muscle recruitment, and increasing heart rate and electrodermal responses following the collision. Our results provide further support that the startle response is a component of the response to whiplash collisions.     

Pelvic lipomatosis with cystitis glandularis managed with cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor: A case report

BACKGROUNDPelvic lipomatosis (PL) is a rare benign condition with characteristic overgrowth of histologically benign fat and invasion and compression of pelvic organs, often leading to non-specific lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Approximately 40% of patients with PL have cystitis glandularis (CG). The cause of PL combined with CG is poorly understood, and there is currently no effective treatment. Refractory CG with upper urinary tract obstruction even requires partial or radical bladder resection. CASE SUMMARYIn this case, a patient suffering from PL with CG was treated by transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TUR-BT) and oral administration of celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. The LUTS were alleviated, and the cystoscopy results improved significantly. Immunohistochemistry showed up-regulated COX-2 expression in the epithelium of TUR-BT samples, suggesting that COX-2 may participate in the pathophysiological process of PL combined with CG. CONCLUSIONWe report for the first time that celecoxib may be an effective treatment strategy for PL combined with refractory CG.     

Ten most notable family medicine research studies in Canada

Objective

To identify 10 noteworthy Canadian family medicine research studies that have affected practice in order to demonstrate the unique value that Canadian family medicine research offers.

Composition of the committee

Representatives from the Section of Researchers (SOR) and the Health Policy and Government Relations department of the College of Family Physicians of Canada developed a framework for inclusion and identified an initial list of articles. Members of the SOR Council and research directors from the 17 Canadian departments of family medicine reviewed the preliminary list and suggested additional studies.

Methods

The authors developed an initial list of studies carried out by Canadian family medicine researchers from those researchers who had received awards from the College of Family Physicians of Canada since 2002. Additional studies were proposed by members of the SOR Council and the university research directors. A total of 36 published articles were reviewed by the SOR authors, and an annotated short list of 16 articles was prepared. From that list, the other authors identified 7 noteworthy studies that were used to form the basis of advocacy materials. The SOR authors, along with 3 additional members of the SOR Executive, used an informal consensus process to select the final 3 articles to arrive at the top 10.

Report

The top 10 most noteworthy family medicine research studies are presented in this article and represent the unique contribution that Canadian family medicine research brings to health care in Canada. They have helped advance health care quality and improve care delivery, beneficially influencing health care practices, health care policy, and patient experiences.

Conclusion

This project has identified 10 classic Canadian family medicine research studies that continue to influence practice today. In addition to their usefulness as tools for teaching, advocating, and championing the contribution of research to modern family practice, these studies are important examples of the value of research to patient health in Canada and around the world.