The effects of breaking sedentary time with different intensity exercise bouts on energy metabolism: A randomized cross-over controlled trial

Background and aimsBreaking up sedentary periods, particularly with light activity, increases total energy expenditure (EE), and helps provide better glycemic control. However, the effects of activities of various intensities to interrupt prolonged sedentary time are unclear. The purpose of the present study was to examine potential differences in glycemic control and EE from breaking up sedentary time with short exercise bouts of different intensities.Methods and resultsNine overweight/obesity young men underwent whole body indirect calorimetry at 19:00 on day 1 and stayed overnight. After awakening on day 2, they performed short duration jogging every 30 min over 8 h (16-time bouts in total) under 3 different conditions with the same running distance: (1) lactate threshold (LT) for 2 min, (2) 60% LT for 200 s, and (3) onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA) for 75 s. The 24-h EE and interstitial glucose concentration (from 8:00 to 19:00 on day 2) was continuously measured throughout the trials. The standard deviation during intervention and indexes of postprandial of the interstitial glucose concentration was significantly lower at LT and OBLA than at 60% LT (p < 0.05). The 24-h EE was not significantly different among conditions, but EE at OBLA during intervention was slightly but significantly higher than at 60% LT and LT.ConclusionBreaking up sedentary time with short-duration jogging at LT and with OBLA intensities may have better glycemic control and increased use of carbohydrate as a fuel, while short-duration a jogging at OBLA intensity may increase EE.Trial registrationUMIN000041361.     

Polyoxymethylene/silica/polylactic acid-grafted polyethylene glycol nanocomposites: structure,morphology, and mechanical properties and ozone and UV durability

Polyoxymethylene (POM) is a semicrystalline thermoplastic that displays high tensile strength, thermal stability, and chemical durability. However, its widespread application is limited by its low elongation at break and thermal durability. In the present study, nanosilica (NS) and polylactic acid-grafted polyethylene glycol (PELA) were used as enhancement additives to improve the performance of POM homopolymer. Specifically, the POM/PELA/NS nanocomposites with a fixed NS content and varying PELA contents were prepared by a melt mixing method. The influence of the additives on the processability, and dynamic thermo-mechanical and tensile properties of the nanocomposites was evaluated by comparing the torque, mixing energy at melt state, storage modulus, shear stress, loss modulus, tan δ, tensile strength, elongation at break and thermal degradation of the nanocomposites. The results showed that the combined addition of NS and PELA enhanced the thermal stability, tensile strength, elongation at break and chemical stability of the POM/PELA/NS nanocomposites owing to the good compatibility between PELA and the POM matrix. Furthermore, the morphology, and UV and ozone durability of POM and the nanocomposites were assessed and discussed.

The combined addition of nanosilica (NS) and polylactic acid-grafted polyethylene glycol (PELA) enhanced some properties of polyoxymethylene (POM).     

昆仙胶囊联合强的松治疗难治性肾病综合征的临床观察

目的:观察昆仙胶囊联合强的松治疗难治性肾病综合征的临床疗效和安全性。方法:46例难治性肾病综合征患者随机分为治疗组(n=26)和对照组(n=20),治疗组接受昆仙胶囊联合强的松治疗,对照组接受大剂量强的松治疗。治疗期间定期监测24h尿蛋白、血清白蛋白、肝肾功能、血脂等指标,观察疗效及不良反应。疗效分为完全缓解、部分缓解、无效。结果 :治疗6个月时治疗组完全缓解8例,部分缓解9例,无效9例,对照组分别为3例,4例,13例。治疗组总缓解率为65.40%,明显高于对照组的35.00%。不良反应轻微,所有病人耐受性良好。结论 :昆仙胶囊联合强的松治疗难治性肾病综合征具有较好的疗效,耐受性较好。     

Hb Kalavasos [HBA2: c.275T > A; p.Leu92His]: a Novel α Chain Hemoglobin Variant

We present a case of a novel pathogenic variant, Hb Kalavasos [α91(FG3)Leu→His (α2); HBA2: c.275T?>?A; p.Leu92His (NM_000517.4)]; this codon was previously numbered 91 on the α2-globin gene that was discovered following routine Hb A_1c testing on a 65-year-old female of Cypriot origin. The band, seen by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) but not capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), was confirmed as a hitherto undescribed a chain variant, that we have named Hb Kalavasos for the Cypriot village of family origin of the proband.     

Glucocorticoid therapy suppresses Wnt signaling by reducing the ratio of serum Wnt3a to Wnt inhibitors,sFRP-1 and Wif-1

Clinical Rheumatology - Our previous study suggested that suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by increasing serum Wnt co-receptor inhibitors, sclerostin and Dickkopf-1, impairs bone...     

纤维蛋白凝胶复合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子与大鼠胎肢细胞碱性磷酸酶的活性

背景:纤维蛋白是一种天然的可生物降解、组织相容性好的高分子材料.碱性成纤维细胞生长因子是一种对中胚层和神经外胚层细胞促分裂作用的多肽生长因子.两者结合有利于干细胞在高度交联的凝胶支架内迁移,并且促进其增殖与分化.目的:观察纤维蛋白凝胶复合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对大鼠胎肢细胞碱性磷酸酶活性的影响.方法:实验分为4组:纤维蛋白凝胶组,纤维蛋白凝胶中加入正常培养基.纤维蛋白凝胶复合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子组,在纤维蛋白凝胶中加入含10 μg/L碱性成纤维细胞生长因子培养基.碱性成纤维细胞生长因子组,加入10 μg/L 碱性成纤维细胞生长因子培养基.对照组,采用无凝胶正常培养基培养.无菌条件下分离培养大鼠胎肢细胞,取第3代细胞接种于以上培养基中.分别在第3,5,7,14,21,28天检测碱性磷酸酶活性、mRNA表达及细胞形态观察.结果与结论:在有纤维蛋白凝胶组内培养至7 d细胞具有较长突起且连接成网,而在无纤维蛋白凝胶组内的细胞呈纺锤形或立方形;纤维蛋白凝胶复合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子培养7,14,21 d碱性磷酸酶活性高于单纯纤维蛋白凝胶组和单纯碱性成纤维细胞生长因子培养组(P < 0.05).各时间点纤维蛋白凝胶复合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子组碱性磷酸酶mRNA表达均较对照组增强(P < 0.01).提示纤维蛋白凝胶复合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子有利于细胞形态发生,并明显增强碱性磷酸酶活性.     

T-Cell populations in liver and renal transplant recipients with infectious esophagitis

Individuals undergoing hepatic and renal transplants are susceptible to infections of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the esophagus. The most common responsible agents are Candida and herpes simplex virus (HSV) with cytomegalovirus (CMV), Aspergillus, and other agents being regarded as unusual pathogens even in this unique population. Altered T-cell populations have been associated with CMV colitis in healthy homosexuals and in individuals with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Similarly, individuals with Epstein-Ban virus infections have altered T-cell populations. Whether these infections alter T-cell populations in infected individuals or the abnormalities in T-cell subpopulations occur first and enhance the likelihood of an infection in susceptible populations is as yet unknown. In this study peripheral blood T-cell populations in individuals before (19 patients) and after (47 patients) liver transplantation and after receiving a renal allograft (21 patients) were compared. Those individual having any symptoms related to esophageal disease underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy combined with mucosal biopsies, brushings, and cultures and were subdivided into those with and without infectious esophagitis. CMV esophagitis was found to be associated with an arithmetically decreased T-cell helper/supressor H/S) ratio principally due to an increase in the suppressor cell number. Such a reduction in the T_H/S ratio and in the number of circulating suppressor cells was not found in esophagitis due to either HSV or Candida and was unrelated to the serum cyclosporine level or prednisone dosage prescribed. Therefore the reduced H/S ratio due to an increase in the circulating suppressor cell number in patients with CMV esophagitis is probably due to the presence of the CMV infection per se rather than a factor predisposing the individual for a CMV infection.This work was supported by grants DK 2 R01 32556-05 and AA 066015-03.