Determining aspects of ethnicity amongst persons of South Asian origin: the use of a surname-classification programme (Nam Pehchan)

OBJECTIVE: Name-based classification systems are potentially useful in identifying study samples based on probable ethnic minority group. The aim of the current study was to assess the validity of the Nam Pehchan name classification programme of religion and language against subject self-report. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: A population-based cross-sectional survey conducted in areas of the North-West and West Midland regions of England with a relatively high density of South Asian ethnic minority groups. The sampling frame was age-sex registers of selected general practices and subjects were classified according to language and religion using the Nam Pehchan programme. These were compared with responses by subjects on a self-complete postal questionnaire. RESULTS: One thousand nine hundred and forty-nine subjects who participated, classified themselves as South Asian. Sensitivity in identifying religion was high amongst Muslims (92%) and Sikhs (86%), and somewhat lower in Hindus (62%). Specificity exceeded 95% for all ethnic groups. The vast majority of subjects assigned Punjabi or Gujarati as their main South Asian language indicated that they did in fact speak these languages (97% and 94%, respectively). Subjects assigned Urdu or Bengali, however, were less likely to do so (61% and 35%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The name-based classification system Nam Pehchan has demonstrated high levels of accuracy in some sub-groups of the South Asian population in determining subjects likely language spoken and religion-and is likely to be a useful additional tool when information on ethnicity is not already available.     

How well are parent held records kept and completed?

During 1986 and 1987 parents in part of the Oxfordshire district health authority were given their child's health and development records while in the other part of the health district the records remained with the clinic. Between August 1988 and February 1989 an audit was made of a sample of parents attending child health clinics in the two areas: the study examined 284 parents who had parent held records and 168 who did not; how many records were available and if not, why not; how well and by whom records were completed and parents' views on who they felt should keep the record. Interviews revealed that parents with a parent held record liked the scheme and were confident about remembering to take the record to the clinic. Those without experience were less confident and more concerned about losing the record. At the time of the audit 7% of parent held records had been lost or forgotten, but 5% of clinic held records were not available for inspection. Overall, parent held records were more likely to have comments contributed by parents and to be more thoroughly completed by professionals. The results suggest that parent held records are not only workable but desirable.     

Comparisons of data from regional perinatal mortality surveys

The standard format in which NHS regions are invited to submit data from their perinatal mortality surveys for comparative analysis in the British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology is described. Some examples of the way these data can and will be used to compare regional differences in mortality patterns are given and possible future developments are discussed. Although the term perinatal mortality is used in the title, it is hoped that surveys will cover stillbirths and neonatal deaths and also, where possible, late fetal deaths of less than 28 weeks gestation.