Metabolic syndrome and masticatory hypofunction: a cross-sectional study

Odontology - The objective of this paper is to clarify the rate of abdominal obesity (AO), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), metabolic syndrome (MetS) and determine the relationship with the...     

Evolution of endodontic medicine: a critical narrative review of the interrelationship between endodontics and systemic pathological conditions

Odontology - Endodontics has gained emphasis in the scientific community in recent years due to the increase in clinical and in animal models studies focused on endodontic medicine, which aims to...     

Support system for decision making in the identification of risk for body dysmorphic disorder: A fuzzy model

PurposeTo develop a fuzzy linguistic model to quantify the level of distress of patients seeking cosmetic surgery. Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental condition related to body image relatively common among cosmetic surgery patients; it is difficult to diagnose and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Fuzzy cognitive maps are an efficient tool based on human knowledge and experience that can handle uncertainty in identifying or grading BDD symptoms and the degree of body image dissatisfaction. Individuals who seek cosmetic procedures suffer from some degree of dissatisfaction with appearance.MethodsA fuzzy model was developed to measure distress levels in cosmetic surgery patients based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), diagnostic criterion B for BDD. We studied 288 patients of both sexes seeking abdominoplasty, rhinoplasty, or rhytidoplasty in a university hospital.ResultsPatient distress ranged from “none” to “severe” (range = 7.5–31.6; cutoff point = 18; area under the ROC curve = 0.923). There was a significant agreement between the fuzzy model and DSM-IV criterion B (kappa = 0.805; p < 0.001).ConclusionThe fuzzy model measured distress levels with good accuracy, indicating that it can be used as a screening tool in cosmetic surgery and psychiatric practice.     

Neuromuscular function, hormonal and redox status and muscle damage of professional soccer players after a high-level competitive match

The main aim was to analyse the impact of an official match on hormonal and redox status, muscle damage and inflammation and neuromuscular function. Seven high-level male soccer players from the same team performed an official match and data were collected 72 h before, 24, 48 and 72 h post-match. Plasma testosterone/cortisol ratio (T/C), creatine kinase (CK), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and reductase (GR) activities, myoglobin (Mb), C-reactive protein (CRP), uric acid (UA), protein sulfhydryls (–SH), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured. Sprint, jump and change of direction performance, and maximal isokinetic knee extension and flexion were obtained as neuromuscular functional parameters. Cortisol increased and T/C decreased until 48 h recovery (P < 0.05). Mb, CRP and –SH (P < 0.05) increased at 24 h and CK, TAS, SOD and MDA (P < 0.05) increased up to 48 h recovery. GR increased and GPX decreased at 24 h recovery (P < 0.05). Jump performance decreased 24 h post-match (P < 0.05), but no significant alterations in sprint, change of direction and muscle strength were observed. In conclusion, an official match resulted in changes in plasma biomarkers until 48 h of recovery period, without major impact on performance.     

Linear β-amino alcohol catalyst anchored on functionalized magnetite nanoparticles for enantioselective addition of dialkylzinc to aromatic aldehydes

A linear β-amino alcohol ligand, previously found to be a very efficient catalyst for enantioselective addition of dialkylzinc to aromatic aldehydes, has been anchored on differently functionalized superparamagnetic core–shell magnetite–silica nanoparticles (1a and 1b). Its catalytic activity in the addition of dialkylzinc to aldehydes has been evaluated, leading to promising results, especially in the case of 1b for which the recovery by simple magnetic decantation and reuse was successfully verified.

The catalytic activity of a linear β-amino alcohol ligand anchored on functionalized magnetite/silica core–shell nanoparticles has been evaluated in the addition of dialkylzinc to aldehydes leading to promising results.     

Short ultrasonic debridement with adjunctive low-concentrated hypochlorite/amino acid gel during periodontal maintenance: randomized clinical trial of 12 months

Objectives

The objective of this study was to evaluate the benefit of repeated subgingival cleaning with a low-concentrated hypochlorite/amino acid gel in subjects in maintenance care with residual pockets ≥ 5 mm.

Material and methods

Examiner masked, randomized two-arm parallel design. Thirty-two adult periodontal patients in maintenance phase, > 3 months after periodontal therapy, with at least one residual periodontal pocket ≥ 5 mm, were randomly assigned to treatment by subgingival ultrasonic debridement with the gel or ultrasonic debridement only. At months 0, 4, and 8, all sites presenting with a probing depth (PD) ≥ 5 mm were treated. Six sites were monitored on each tooth. The primary end point was the presence or absence of PD ≥ 5 mm after 12 months. Secondary clinical outcomes were oral tissue safety; patient acceptance; changes in PD; bleeding on probing; recession after 4, 8, and 12 months; and the presence or absence of six target microorganisms in treated pockets at baseline, after 7 days and 4 months.

Results

A total of 365 sites in 32 patients with PD ≥ 5 mm were treated at baseline. At the final evaluation at month 12, 47% of these sites in the test and 49% in the control group were still in this PD category. The difference between baseline and month 12 was significant in both groups (p < 0.01), whereas the difference between groups was not. Repeated short ultrasonic instrumentation with adjunctive administration of the test product resulted in a clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 1.02 mm (p < 0.01) and led to − 0.97 mm of pocket reduction (p < 0.01) without inducing further recession. However, repeated short ultrasonic debridement without the gel led to a similar clinical outcome (p < 0.01). No adverse events were recorded.

Conclusions

Short ultrasonic instrumentation of residual pockets with PD ≥ 5 mm during maintenance visits resulted in a clinically relevant CAL gain and PD reduction in the order of 1 mm in 1 year, without inducing further recession.

Clinical relevance

This study corroborates the benefit of regular maintenance care after periodontal therapy, including short debridement of the residual pockets.