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排序方式: 共有2922条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Herkama Sanna Kontio Mari Sainio Miia Turunen Tiina Poskiparta Elisa Salmivalli Christina 《Prevention science》2022,23(6):954-968
Prevention Science - The long-term sustainment of bullying prevention programs has rarely been investigated. This study addresses this gap by identifying facilitators and barriers to the systematic... 相似文献
32.
Markus Mattila Leena Hakola Sari Niinist Heli Tapanainen Hanna-Mari Takkinen Suvi Ahonen Jorma Ilonen Jorma Toppari Riitta Veijola Mikael Knip Suvi M. Virtanen 《Nutrients》2021,13(3)
Our aim was to study the associations between maternal vitamin C and iron intake during pregnancy and the offspring’s risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. The study was a part of the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) prospective birth cohort including children genetically at risk of type 1 diabetes born between 1997–2004. The diets of 4879 mothers in late pregnancy were assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire. The outcomes were islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis adjusted for energy, family history of diabetes, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype and sex was used for statistical analyses. Total intake of vitamin C or iron from food and supplements was not associated with the risk of islet autoimmunity (vitamin C: HR 0.91: 95% CI (0.80, 1.03), iron: 0.98 (0.87, 1.10)) or type 1 diabetes (vitamin C: 1.01 (0.87, 1.17), iron: 0.92 (0.78, 1.08)), neither was the use of vitamin C or iron supplements associated with the outcomes. In conclusion, no association was found between maternal vitamin C or iron intake during pregnancy and the risk of islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes in the offspring. 相似文献
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34.
Effects of chronic treatment with valproate on serotonin-1A receptor binding and function 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Valproate is effective in treating bipolar disorder characterized by rapid cycling or acute mania, although the mechanism of action is unclear. In contrast to other treatments for depression, 21 days of treatment in rats with valproate (100, 200 or 400 mg/kg) did not significantly alter the hypothermia induced by 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propyl)aminotetralin (8-OH-DPAT), an agonist at serotonin-1A receptors. Treatment with valproate also had no effect on radioligand binding to serotonin-1A, serotonin-2 or -adrenergic receptors. Based on these animal studies in frontal cortex and hippocampus, the therapeutic benefit of valproate in mood disorders does not appear to involve adaptive changes in serotonin-1A, serotonin-2 or -adrenergic receptor number. 相似文献
35.
Turunen H Tossavainen K Jakonen S Salomäki U Vertio H 《The Journal of school health》1999,69(10):387-391
The European Network of Health Promoting School (ENHPS) program aims to foster healthy lifestyles for school populations by developing supportive teaching and learning environments conducive to promotion of health. Most European countries have joined the network since its organization in 1993. This paper describes how the European, national, and local aims of the ENHPS program have been realized in Finnish schools during the first year of the second triennium (1997-1999). Substantial development related to health promotion has occurred in the Finnish ENHPS schools. A safe school environment was emphasized, and networking with other schools was encouraged at the international and national levels. Attitudes toward the ENHPS program generally were positive. However, Finnish schools have emphasized developing "structures" for health promotion. In the future, efforts should concentrate on students' active participation in the activities of health promotion in everyday teaching and learning situations. 相似文献
36.
This register study includes all patients under 18 years in Finland discharged from psychiatric inpatient treatment in 1990
(n = 818) and 1993 (n = 958). The prevalence of children and adolescents in the population who had previously been treated was about 7–8 per 10,000.
The incidence of new cases of children and adolescents who had previously been inpatients within the last year was about 5–6
per 10,000 in this age group. The prevalence was lowest in the preschool group (about 1:10,000) and highest in the adolescent
group (about 12–14:10,000). About two-thirds of inpatients were boys. Adjustment disorders (DSM-III-R) were the most common
diagnosis both in 1990 and 1993 (about 30%). Mood and anxiety disorders were the second most frequent (19–23%) and disruptive
behaviour disorders the third most frequent (13–15%) diagnostic category. The diagnostic profiles differed largely according
to sex and age.
Accepted: 18 May 1998 相似文献
37.
FLFQPQRF-NH2 (F8Famide; morphine-modulating peptide), isolated from bovine brain, is an FMRFamide-like peptide with opioid analgesia modulating effects. In the rat brain, F8Famide is immunohistochemically localized in neurons of the medial hypothalamus and medulla oblongata. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is structurally related to F8Famide and the mammalian FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity (LI) was once thought to be due to an NPY-like peptide. We compared the anatomical distribution of F8Famide-LI with the localization of enkephalin- and NPY-LI-containing structures in the rat brain to find out if NPY or enkephalins coexist with F8Famide-LI. Cryostat sections of colchicine-treated Wistar rat brains were incubated with specific antisera against F8Famide, NPY, YGGFMRGL (Met-enkephalin-Arg-Gly-Leu), or YGGFMRF (Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe) raised in rabbits. The immunoreactivity was visualized by the peroxidase - antiperoxidase or immunofluorescence method. The light microscopic mirror method was applied to study the colocalization of F8Famide and NPY. The F8Famide-immunoreactivity was concentrated in smaller areas of medial hypothalamus and nucleus of the solitary tract than that of enkephalins and NPY. In all brain areas, the distributions of F8Famide-, enkephalin- and NPY-immunoreactive neurons were distinct. F8Famide-, NPY- and enkephalin-LI-containing nerve terminals were seen in the nucleus of the solitary tract and in the lateral parabrachial nucleus. These results show that the neuronal systems containing F8Famide-, enkephalin- or NPY-LI are anatomically separate in all brain regions. However, there are terminal areas in which more than one type of these immunoreactivities are detected. These results have anatomical correlation with pharmacological reports, suggesting modulatory functions for these peptides on regulation of blood pressure, feeding behaviour and endocrine functions. 相似文献
38.
39.
Kristina Virkola Maija Lappalainen Leena Valanne Marjaleena Koskiniemi 《Pediatric radiology》1997,27(2):133-138
A total of 44 181 serum samples from 16 733 pregnant women were analyzed for findings suggesting primary Toxoplasma infection. Thirty-seven newborns exposed to maternal primary Toxoplasma infection in utero were studied prospectively with ultrasound, CT, and MRI for signs of intrauterine infection. Their mothers
had been treated during pregnancy, and all infants were treated. The children were assigned to three groups according to their
mothers' serological status, and the radiological results were compared with the clinical outcome. Although radiological signs
were scarce, ultrasound findings combined with maternal serology were found to be significantly related to clinical outcome.
Received: 19 October 1994 Accepted: 28 April 1996 相似文献
40.
Leena Hilakivi-Clarke 《Breast cancer research and treatment》1997,46(2-3):143-159
The possible role of personality patterns and psychosocial factors in breast cancer has been studied extensively, through both human and animal experiments. The data are conflicting, and the conclusions controversial. This review will serve two purposes. First, we present evidence that behavioral patterns most commonly linked to breast cancer risk are at least partly regulated by estrogens. This section will suggest that some estrogen-regulated behaviors may be markers of increased breast cancer risk. Second, we will briefly review recent findings in animals connecting psychosocial factors to cancer. We also will address the plausible biological mechanisms. The literature suggests that estrogens, particularly when exposure occurs during the critical developmental periods, such as in utero, puberty, pregnancy, and menopause, influence affective behaviors and increase breast cancer risk. The affective behaviors include depression, aggression, and alcohol intake. Thus, psychosocial and personality factors do not necessarily have a direct impact on breast cancer risk; instead, estrogens have a dual effect on behavior and on the breast. 相似文献