颜面部皮肤肿瘤的切除与整形修复

目的探讨面部肿瘤的手术治疗和相关整形修复问题。方法综合分析2002年1月至2004年12月收治的217例面部皮肤肿瘤患者的临床资料。结果面部良性肿物在年轻人以皮脂腺囊肿多见,老年人则以色素痣和脂溢性角化为主。恶性肿瘤多见于老年人,以基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌为主。治疗以直接切除缝合、转移皮瓣和植皮修复,术区外形和功能良好。结论将整形治疗原则应用于面部肿物的治疗,根据患者具体情况制定个体化的治疗方案,可以取得良好的治疗效果。     

Abrogation of MAPK and Akt signaling by AEE788 synergistically potentiates histone deacetylase inhibitor-induced apoptosis through reactive oxygen species generation.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of combining the multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor AEE788 and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors on cytotoxicity in a broad spectrum of cancer cell lines, including cisplatin-resistant ovarian adenocarcinoma cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Multiple cancer cell lines were treated in vitro using AEE788 and HDAC inhibitors (LBH589, LAQ824, and trichostatin A), either alone or in combination. Effects on cytotoxicity were determined by growth and morphologic assays. Effects of the combination on cell signaling pathways were determined by Western blotting, and the results were confirmed using pathway-specific inhibitors and transfection of constitutively active proteins. RESULTS: Cell treatment with AEE788 and HDAC inhibitors (LBH589, LAQ824, and trichostatin A) in combination resulted in synergistic induction of apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer (MV522, A549), ovarian cancer (SKOV-3), and leukemia (K562, Jurkat, and ML-1) cells and in OV202hp cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells. AEE788 alone or in combination with LBH589 inactivated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Akt cascades. Inhibition of either MAPK and/or Akt enhanced LBH589-induced apoptosis. In contrast, constitutively active MAPK or Akt attenuated LBH589 or LBH589 + AEE788-induced apoptosis. Increased apoptosis was correlated with enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The free radical scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine not only substantially suppressed the ROS accumulation but also blocked the induction of apoptosis mediated by cotreatment with AEE788 and LBH589. CONCLUSION: Collectively, these results show that MAPK and Akt inactivation along with ROS generation contribute to the synergistic cytotoxicity of the combination of AEE788 and HDAC inhibitors in a variety of human cancer cell types. This combination regimen warrants further preclinical and possible clinical study for a broad spectrum of cancers.     

Inhibition of 12-lipoxygenase during baicalein-induced human lung nonsmall carcinoma H460 cell apoptosis.

Baicalein is known as a 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) inhibitor. The 12-LOX is found to be involved in the progression of human cancers and the inhibitor of 12-LOX offers a target for the prevention cancer. We demonstrated the inhibitory effect of baicalein on the gene and protein expression of 12-LOX in H460 human lung nonsmall carcinoma cell line. Treatment of baicalein inhibited the growth of H460 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Following 24h exposure to 50muM baicalein, cell cycle analysis revealed an increase in the cell population in S-phase. During the S-phase arrest, baicalein decreased the protein levels of cdk1 and cyclin B1, which are the regulating proteins of S-phase transition to G2/M-phase, in this study. Furthermore, baicalein induced the most of H460 cell apoptosis after treatment for 48h. H460 cells formed vesicles and apoptotic body, and then floated after treatment with baicalein. Baicalein-induced H460 cell apoptosis was confirmed by DNA condensation and fragmentation. Baicalein-induced apoptosis were also accompanied by decreasing in Bcl-2 and proform of caspase-3 and increasing p53 and Bax protein levels. Pretreatment with a specific caspase-3 inhibitor, Ac-DEVD-CHO, partially reduced baicalein-induced cell death, indicating baicalein induces apoptosis is partially dependent on caspase-3 pathway in H460 cells. These data suggest that baicalein, a 12-LOX inhibitor, inhibits the proliferation of H460 cells via S-phase arrest and induces apoptosis in association with the regulation of molecules in the cell cycle and apoptosis-related proteins.     

生脉注射液在气管插管后血压降低中的运用

生脉注射液具有益气养阴、复脉固脱之功效,广泛用于严重感染、血容量不足引起的血压降低.在气管插管后血压降低时,应用生脉注射液也取得了较好的临床疗效.本文对气管插管后血压降低应用生脉注射液的用法用量、注意事项等进行了归纳.     

艾迪注射液联合FOLFOX4化疗晚期胃癌

目的：观察艾迪注射液联合FOLFOX4化疗治疗晚期胃癌的近期疗效和毒性反应。方法：将70例晚期胃癌患者随机分两组,对照组34例,单用FOLFOX4化疗。治疗组36例,在对照组治疗的基础上加用艾迪注射液。结果：治疗组和对照组总有效率分别是41.7%、32.4%。（P〉0.05）,治疗组比对照组生存质量有明显改善（P〈0.05）。毒性反应治疗组明显少于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论：艾迪注射液联合FOLFOX4方案治疗晚期胃癌较单用FOLFOX4方案治疗疗效好,生活质量提高明显且毒性反应轻。初学研究结果提示,中药配合西药化疗的综合治疗具有临床应用的意义。     

Radiofrequency catheter ablation of tachycardia in children with and without congenital heart disease: indications and limitations

From 1993 to 1998, a total of 100 consecutive pediatric patients with tachycardia (45 male and 55 female, aged 1 year 10 months to 17 years, 11+/-4 year) who underwent electrophysiological study were reviewed. Eleven of them were younger than 5 years. Two had tachycardia-related cerebrovascular accident. Congenital heart disease was found in 12 patients. After propofol anesthesia, the clinical tachycardia could not be induced in three (two atrial tachycardia and one AV nodal re-entrant tachycardia) and became nonsustained in five (atrial tachycardia). Mechanical ablation occurred in three and two had subsequent recurrences. Among the 85 cases who received radiofrequency ablation, the overall final success rate of RF ablation for all diagnoses was 94% with a diagnosis-specific success rate ranging from 100 to 57%. Tachycardia cardiomyopathy was noted in four (three atrial tachycardia and one junctional ectopic tachycardia) and all regressed after successful ablation. Success in two patients with left posterioseptal accessory pathway could only be achieved by delivering the energy at the middle cardiac vein. Two patients with right atrial isomerism had an 'AV nodal-to-AV nodal tachycardia' which was eliminated by ablation. Total recurrence rate was 13% but final success was achieved in all during re-study except the three patients who refused re-intervention. The atrial tachycardia developed in postoperative congenital heart disease was associated with the lowest success rate (57%) and highest recurrence rate (25%). Procedure-related complications occurred in four; two with transient brachial palsy, one with first-degree AV block and one with blood loss requiring blood transfusion. In conclusion, the experience of this single center confirmed the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency catheter ablation in treating pediatric arrhythmias, but the limitations in postoperative arrhythmias and the effects of propofol on tachycardia induction (especially the atrial tachycardia) need to be improved.     

Modulation of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) by non-basic chalcone analogues

Chalcones are biosynthetic precursors of flavonoids found to possess cytotoxic and chemopreventive activities. In this study, 17 non-basic chalcone analogues were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to modulate the function of either the human wild-type (482R) or mutant (482T) breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) stably expressed in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. At 5muM, chalcones with 2,4-dimethoxy groups or 2,4-dihydroxyl groups on ring A were found to increase mitoxantrone accumulation to a greater extent than an established BCRP inhibitor, fumitremorgin C. At the same time, these chalcones had negligible effect on calcein accumulation in P-glycoprotein overexpressing MDCKII cells, indicating their potential as selective BCRP inhibitors. Functionally, these compounds were able to increase the sensitivity of BCRP-overexpressing cancer cells to mitoxantrone by 2-5-fold. The effect of chalcone compounds on both wild-type and mutant BCRP ATPase activity was also examined and variable effects were observed. A stimulatory effect was mostly observed with chalcones with 2,4-dimethoxy substitution on ring A which were earmarked as good BCRP inhibitors in the MX accumulation and cytotoxicity assays. These findings underscore the potential of methoxylated and hydroxylated chalcones as selective and potent inhibitors of BCRP whose mode of action may not involve the inhibition of ATPase activity.     

腹腔镜在结直肠癌根治术中的应用

目的研究腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术的可行性和手术方法。方法回顾性分析2004年2月-2006年6月腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术52例患者的临床资料。结果52例患者中有48例顺利完成腹腔镜手术，4例中转开放手术，无手术死亡病例，无术后出血、吻合口漏、吻合口狭窄发生，切口感染2例，手术平均时间200min，术中平均失血120ml，术后2—4d胃肠功能恢复，所有标本残端无癌细胞浸润或残留，清扫淋巴结数10—30个，平均（16．2±6．1）个，术后平均住院时间7d，术后电话随访至2006年10月，死亡3例，局部复发2例。结论腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术具有创伤小、康复快、美容等优点，疗效较开腹手术好。     

承德市胃癌危险因素病例对照研究

[目的]探讨承德地区胃癌发生的危险因素。[方法]选取新发病例118例按性别、年龄、民族等配比条件进行配比病例对照研究。应用logistic回归分析。[结果]胃癌发生与长期吸烟（OR=5.21）、经常食用煎烤食品（OR=3.63）、腌菜食品（OR=4.72）、慢性胃病（OR=4.32）密切相关。[结论]长期吸烟、经常食用腌菜食品、煎烤食品、慢性胃病是本地胃癌的危险因素。