REM sleep behavior disorder and vocal cord paralysis in Machado-Joseph disease.

We evaluated the occurrence of REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) and vocal cord abductor paralysis (VCAP) in a group of 9 Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) patients. RBD was diagnosed by clinical history plus audiovisual polysomnography in 4 men and 1 woman (55%). While dreaming, 4 fell out of the bed and the other injured his arms. Laryngoscopy detected bilateral VCAP in 1 patient with stridor who required emergency tracheotomy, and partial vocal cord abductor restriction in 2. RBD and VCAP are two potentially injurious conditions that should be considered part of the clinical spectrum of MJD.     

Changes in immunologic response in tonsillectomized children. I. Immunosuppression in recurrent tonsillitis.

The possible immunoregulatory role of the tonsils was studied by determining immunoglobulins IgG, A, M, E and factors C'3, C'4 and PFB of the complement system before and after tonsillectomy. The synthesis in vitro of IgG and IgM by lymphocytes stimulated with pokeweed mitogen was also measured. There were statistically significant differences between pre and post-operative levels of serum IgG, IgA and IgM, which decreased after surgery. Practically no change in the mean values of IgE and no significant differences in the levels of serum C'3, C'4, and PFB, were found. The in-vitro synthesis of both immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM) by lymphocytes increased significantly after tonsillectomy. Our results suggest that not only does tonsillectomy have no counterproductive effect on the immune system, but that, on the contrary, it seems to improve the immune response, since it appears to unblock the suppression to which the immune system was subject.     

头孢呋辛酯制备工艺的改进

以头孢呋辛钠为原料，从制备（R，S）-乙酸1-溴乙酯开始。经酯化反应的溶剂沉淀过程无须分离直接制得高纯度非晶型的头孢呋辛酯。本制备方法简便，适于工为化生产。     

中药聪脑汤治疗老年性痴呆的临床研究

目的:比较聪脑汤和双益平(石衫碱甲)片剂治疗老年性痴呆(阿尔茨海默病,Alzheimerdisease,AD)的疗效。方法:35例AD病人随机分为2组,聪脑汤组20例,双益平组15例;分别给予聪脑汤50ml,口服,日3次和双益平片剂0.15mg,口服,日2次,两组疗程均为8w。结果:与治疗前相比,两组长谷川痴呆量表(HDS-R)积分均有显著性改善(P<0.05),聪脑汤组和双益平组总有效率分别为75%和73.4%,两组比较差异无显著性。结论:聪脑汤对AD临床症状有一定改善作用。     

夜间电子生物阻抗测量装置对阴茎勃起功能障碍的检测

目的 :探讨夜间电子生物阻抗测量装置 (NEVA)在阴茎勃起功能障碍的诊断中的应用价值。方法 :对 4 1例主诉阴茎勃起功能障碍者 (障碍组 ) 19例主诉无勃起功能障碍但有射精障碍者 (无障碍组 )进行NEVA检测。结果 :障碍组夜间试验中的夜间勃起的次数、阴茎勃起的最大体积改变、最长持续时间等客观指标均要差于无障碍组 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :NEVA为非侵入性检测、可鉴别心理性阴茎勃起功能障碍和严重的器质性勃起功能障碍 ,且对勃起功能障碍的定性和定量具有一定的客观性。     

Effect of meal volume on gastric emptying

Abstract While the volume of a liquid meal has been identified as the principal accelerator of gastric emptying of liquids, the relationship between meal volume and gastric emptying of solids has been controversial. With solid foods, the need to reduce solid foods into small particles (trituration) before passage might obscure the effect of meal volume on solid propulsion. To distinguish trituration from driving force as the rate-limiting factor for emptying, 75 (1.6 mm) nylon spheres were fed along with different amounts of steak meals (150, 300 and 600 g), or alternatively, 50, 100 or 200 (1.6 mm) nylon spheres were fed to six dogs with 300 g steak meals. To examine the effect of meal volume on gastric emptying, we studied the effect of different meal volumes on the speed of gastric emptying of liquids (150, 300, 600 and 1200 ml of phosphate buffer) and solids (150, 300 and 600 g of cooked beef steak) in five dogs with duodenal fistulas. Intestinal inhibition was eliminated by diverting all chyme through the fistulas. In the absence of intestinal feedback, we found that gastric emptying of steak and spheres were different in that steak emptying was independent of meal volume (g min^-1 was constant across 150–600 g) while sphere emptying was affected by the number of spheres in the stomach and that liquid emptying was dependent on the meal volume (ml min^-1 increased across 150–1200 ml). Thus, meal volume accelerated gastric emptying provided the process is not rate-limited by trituration.     

米非司酮对人子宫内膜癌HHUA细胞ER、PR及亚型体外作用的研究

目的　探讨抗孕激素米非司酮体外对人子宫内膜癌HHU A细胞ER、PR及亚型的影响及其与抗肿瘤作用的相关性。方法　体外培养子宫内膜癌HHU A细胞,不同浓度米非司酮处理细胞4 8小时,采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT- PCR)半定量法检测PR- A m RNA,PR- B m RNA的表达水平;应用免疫组化法检测HHU A细胞ER、PR受体蛋白的表达变化。结果　米非司酮(5 μmol/ L)显著地降低HHU A细胞PR- B m RNA和PR受体蛋白的表达水平(P<0 .0 5 ) ,但增加米非司酮剂量并不能增强其降调作用。抗孕激素米非司酮对HHU A细胞PR- Am RNA和ER受体蛋白表达无明显影响(P>0 .0 5 )。结论　抗孕激素米非司酮可明显降调子宫内膜癌HHU A细胞PR- B m RNA水平和PR蛋白的表达,并与抑制癌细胞增殖密切相关     

Fahrunsicherheit durch Drogen und Medikamente

Zusammenfassung Medikamente – insbesondere solche mit zentralnervöser Wirkung – können einerseits die Fahrsicherheit einschränken, andererseits kann durch eine Arzneimitteltherapie eine krankheitsbedingt eingeschränkte Fahrsicherheit gebessert bzw. eine Fahreignung wiederhergestellt werden. Für die verschiedenen verkehrsmedizinisch bedeutsamen Arzneimittelgruppen werden im Folgenden die relevanten Leistungseinbußen dargestellt. Die dem Arzt im Zusammenhang mit einer Arzneimitteltherapie obliegenden umfangreichen Beratungs- und Hinweispflichten für seinen Patienten werden ebenfalls vorgestellt.     

角膜重度碱烧伤羊膜移植治疗实验研究

目的 探讨羊膜移植治疗兔眼重度碱烧伤的机理，为其临床应用提供基础理论依据。方法建立兔眼角膜碱烧伤模型，分别以生理盐水、氯霉素眼药水、氯霉素眼药水和0．1％地塞米松及羊膜移植进行治疗，取伤后1d，3d，7d，14d房水检测TNF-α、IL—1。结果各时段氯霉素眼药水和0．1％地塞米松组和羊膜移植治疗组与生理盐水组和氯霉素眼药水组TNF—α、IL—1的活性和含量明显受到抑制。结论抑制TNF—α和IL—1的生物合成和释放可能是羊膜移植治疗角膜碱烧伤的机理之一。