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OBJECTIVE: To analyze food consumption patterns among schoolchildren in Cantabria and to compare results obtained with Spanish food guidelines for this population group. METHODS: A food frequency questionnaire was the chosen method, with some 53 food types divided into 15 groups. A total of 1,205 teenagers of both sexes aged between 14 and 18 attending 18 secondary schools in Cantabria completed the questionnaire. RESULTS: Milk, bread, fruit, greens and vegetables are the foodstuffs mostly consumed at the recommended frequencies. On the other hand, fish, meat, eggs, dairy products and pulse make up the least adequately consumed categories. Alcoholic drinks are imbibed to a high degree, with beer being the alcoholic most frequently drunk. Spirits are also drunk in larger quantities than wine. Alcohol consumption (beer, wines and spirits) increases significantly with age, being higher among males than females. CONCLUSIONS: Cantabrian schoolchildren follow a food consumption pattern which, generally speaking, does not tally with Spanish food recommendations for their age group. Educational and interventional strategies need to be developed with the aim of modifying such inappropriate food consumption.  相似文献   
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赤芍提取物的抗疱疹病毒Ⅱ型作用   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
为探讨赤芍提取物对Ⅱ型单纯疱疹病毒(HSV- Ⅱ) 的抑制作用, 用兔肾细胞作体外治疗、预防及中和实验, 对赤芍抗HSV_Ⅱ作用进行评价。结果: 赤芍无毒浓度为12.5g/L, 有效抑制浓度为1 .56g/L,对HSV_Ⅱ的感染有抑制病毒生长和对病毒颗粒有直接杀伤作用。提示赤芍提取物确有明显的抗HSV_Ⅱ复制的作用  相似文献   
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冠心病的范围包括(1)静寂性(即无痛性)心肌缺血,(2)慢性稳定型心绞痛,(3)不稳定型心绞痛,(4)非透壁性心肌梗死及(5)急性透壁性心肌梗死等五种。近年研讨的热点为不稳定型心绞痛及急性心肌梗死的临床诊断及治疗。 一、不稳定型心绞痛 不稳定型心绞痛既无心电图的特征性图象,也无心肌酶的增高。它的界定必须依  相似文献   
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目的 比较KN- 5000 型微型角膜刀与Moria 微型角膜刀在LASIK 术中制作角膜瓣时的优缺点。方法 选用连续病例56 例103 眼,随机分KN 组和Moria 组,KN 组28 例53眼,术前近视度数平均为- 9-21±7-41D,散光≤-5-00D,Moria 组28 人50 眼,术前近视度数平均为-10-47±3-73D,散光≤-2-50D,术中分别用KN-5000 微型角膜刀和Moria 微型角膜刀制作角膜瓣。结果 两组病例角膜瓣边缘整齐。基质面:KN组全部术眼光滑、规则,Moria 组部分术眼有“搓衣板”现象。瓣异常:KN组游离瓣2 眼,Moria 组不全瓣5 眼。KN组角膜瓣质量优于Moria 组,瓣异常率低于Moria 组。结论 KN- 5000 微型角膜刀在LASIK术中制瓣时性能及安全性、稳定性优于Moria 组微型角膜刀。KN- 5000 微型角膜刀还具有良好的易学性和进行LASIK角膜板层移植的功能。  相似文献   
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A Portuguese female, aged 47 years, who had emigrated to Spain, was admitted to the hospital in 1991 for pontine haematoma. The patient, four siblings and her father were affected by a peripheral neuropathy, indicating autosomal dominant inheritance. The patient presented in the 2nd decade with sensory and motor neuropathy beginning in the lower extremities. Alternating constipation and diarrhoea, and urinary incontinence became uncontrollable. She had to be colostomised, and, eventually, confined to a wheelchair from the age of 43. Neurological examination showed bilateral facial involvement, and severe signs of sensory and motor peripheral neuropathy, and later right hemiplegia. There were abnormalities of atrial rhythm and left bundle branch block. Computerised axial tomography and magnetic resonance images demonstrated left-sided pontine haemorrhage. Nerve conduction studies revealed severe diminution of motor conduction velocity and absence or reduction of amplitude of sensory and motor action potentials. Inanition and a respiratory infection led to her death. Clinical diagnosis was type I familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP). Postmortem examination demonstrated amyloid deposits in peripheral nerves, including spinal roots and cranial nerves, leptomeninges, thyroid, breasts, heart, adrenal glands, kidneys, intestines, pancreas, and meningeal and some pontine vascular structures. Advanced pontine haematoma was verified. Cerebral haemorrhage usually occurs with cerebrovascular amyloidosis, but exceptionally with FAP. A minority of patients presenting with CNS haemorrhage showed arteriovenous malformation or embolism [Da Silva Horta and Dias Coelho (1960) Arch de Vecchi Anal Patol Med Clin 31=163–172]. However, amyloid deposition in some small pontine vessels could have played a role in the pathogenesis of haemorrhage in the present case.  相似文献   
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The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) is a questionnaire consisting of 136 items grouped into 12 categories and two dimensions (physical and psychosocial). To characterize its utility in Parkinson's disease (PD), we administered the SIP to 44 consecutive clinic patients with PD. Compared to 44 age- and sex-matched control subjects, PD patients had their greatest dysfunction in the categories of mobility, communication, and home management. The two items that PD patients most commonly endorsed were, "I am having trouble writing or typing" (75%) and, "My sexual activity is decreased" (61%). In general, these treated PD patients had greater dysfunction in the psychosocial than physical dimensions. Two simple PD-specific scales correlated well with the physical dimension score but less so with the psychosocial dimension, suggesting that the SIP assesses more functional domains than the PD-specific scales used. The SIP holds some promise as a broad measure of functional status in PD patients.  相似文献   
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For years the Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) has been used as a test of frontal lobe function. Recent event-related potential (ERP) research has shown large differences in the amplitude of P3b responses evoked by early and late trials within each WCST series ([8]: Barceló F., Sanz M., Molina V., Rubia FJ. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the assessment of frontal function: A validation study with event-related potentials. Neuropsychologia 1997;35:399-408). In this study, 16 normal subjects performed a WCST adaptation to investigate the role of attentional set shifting in these WCST P3b effects. Two control tasks were designed to examine whether early-late WCST P3b changes reflect category selection (attention) or category storage (memory) operations. Results suggest both a sharp P3b attenuation during shift WCST trials, followed by a gradual P3b build-up during post-shift trials. This P3b modulation could not be attributed to selection or storage of simple sensory stimulus dimensions, nor was it observed when the new rule was externally prompted by the first card in the WCST series. Instead, WCST P3b changes seem related to the endogenously generated shift in the perceptual rule used to sort the cards (i.e., the shift in set). The gradual build-up in P3b amplitude paralleled a progressive improvement in sorting efficiency over several post-shift WCST trials. A model based on formal theories of visual attention and attentional set shifting is proposed to account for these effects. The model offers firm grounds for prediction and bridges the gap between related clinical and experimental evidence.  相似文献   
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