Bony inlet stenosis as a cause of nasal airway obstruction

Two cases of congenital bony stenosis of the nasal piriform aperture (anterior nares) are presented. Both patients experienced episodes of respiratory distress and clinical symptoms similar to those seen in patients with posterior choanal atresia. The underlying anatomic abnormalities in congenital bony inlet stenosis are quite different from those in choanal atresia and require different surgical approaches for correction. Computed tomography demonstrates in detail the underlying anatomic abnormality and allows differentiation of bony inlet stenosis from choanal atresia.     

Environmental Exposure and Genetic Predisposition as Risk Factors for Asthma in China

Asthma is the most common chronic pulmonary disease worldwide and places a considerable economic burden on society. China is the world''s largest developing country and has the largest population. China has undergone dramatic changes in the past few decades. The traditional lifestyle and living environment have changed in ways that directly affect the prevalence of asthma. The prevalence of asthma is lower in Chinese children and adults than in developed countries, but the prevalence has been on the rise during the past 30 years. The prevalence significantly varies among different parts of China. Polymorphisms of multiple genes, outdoor air pollution caused by PM2.5, PM10, SO₂, NO₂, environmental tobacco smoke, and coal, indoor pollution, and inhaled allergens, such as house dust mites, pollen, and cockroach particles, are risk factors for asthma.     

Impact of information and communication technology on child health

This article provides a general framework for understanding the use of information and communication technology in education and discusses the impact of computer usage on students' health and development. Potential beneficial and harmful effects of computer use by children are discussed. Early epidemiological and laboratory studies have indicated that children are at least of similar risk of developing musculoskeletal and vision problems as adults, and musculoskeletal and visual health problems developed in childhood are likely to persist into adulthood. This article, therefore, aims to provide a reflection on the deficits of existing policy and recommendations for child‐specific guidelines in computer use.     

染料木黄酮对乳鼠颅盖骨成骨细胞增殖分化的影响及其与白细胞介素6的关系

目的:观察染料木黄酮对成骨细胞活性的影响及其相关机制。方法:实验于2001-05/2003-05在卫生学环境医学研究所实验室完成。①成骨细胞培养:无菌条件下分离出生3d的乳鼠颅盖骨,剪碎,加入胰蛋白酶和Ⅱ型胶原酶,用含体积分数为0.1的胎牛血清的F-12培养基重悬,调整细胞浓度后接种于25mL细胞培养瓶,Ⅱ代细胞用于实验。②实验方法:实验分为染料木黄酮组、雌激素组和对照组(吐温20),染料木黄酮剂量分别为10-5,10-6、10-7mol/L,雌激素剂量分别为10-9,10-10mol/L,培养48,72h后,应用MTT和3H-TdR掺入实验观察不同剂量的染料木黄酮和雌激素对成骨细胞活性影响,免疫组化的方法测定白细胞介素6表达。结果:①A570nm值:培养48h,染料木黄酮10-5,10-6,10-7mol/L组分别比对照组增加105%,136%和143%;10-9,10-10mol/L雌激素组分别比对照组增加84%和100%;培养72h,染料木黄酮3个剂量组分别比对照组增加93%,113%和146%,各剂量组与对照组相比均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。②3H-TdR掺入量:10-5,10-6,10-7mol/L染料木黄酮组分别比对照组增加0.47,11.29,6.45倍;10-9和10-10mol/L雌激素组增加15.4倍和16.5倍(P<0.05)。③白细胞介素6表达:各组成骨细胞周围均有较强的呈棕色的阳性颗粒,但染料木黄酮组组与对照组相比无明显差别。结论:①10-5～10-7mol/L染料木黄酮和雌激素一样可促进成骨细胞增殖和DNA合成。②染料木黄酮不是通过促进白细胞介素6表达来促进成骨细胞增殖与分化。     

Mosaic pentasomy X/tetrasomy X syndrome and premature ovarian failure

A 16 year-old girl with pentasomy X mosaicism (47,XXX(1) 48,XXXX(12)/49,XXXXX) presented with primary amenorrhea. She had epicanthal folds, long philtrum, high-arched palate, facial asymmetry, short webbed neck, low posterior hairline, mild scoliosis, cubitus valgus, mental retardation and clinodactily. She was diagnosed with osteoporosis and premature ovarian failure.     

Outcomes following treatment for patients with cranial nerve involvement from nasopharyngeal cancer

Introduction: Patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) commonly present with cranial nerve (CN) involvement, which can cause significant morbidity. We aimed to characterise the pattern of involvement and outcomes of these patients, as well as determine if these differed according to the mode of diagnosis. Methods: Patients were included if they had non‐distant metastatic NPC, presented with CN involvement and completed radiotherapy treatment between 2002 and 2008. The clinical response was categorised as complete response, partial response, stable or progressive disease. The radiological response was assessed using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria. The loco‐regional control and disease‐free survival rates were estimated with the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: Forty‐seven patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. CN lesions were diagnosed on clinical examination in 15% of patients, radiologically in 40% and both clinically and radiologically in 45% of patients. A complete or partial response of the CN lesions was seen clinically in 82% and radiologically in 95% of patients. The 3‐year local relapse free survival was 64.3%, distant metastasis‐free survival was 46.1% and overall survival was 82.8%. There were no differences in outcomes between patients with clinically versus radiologically detected CN lesions. Conclusion: Most of these patients are likely to undergo clinical and/or radiological resolution of the nerve lesions following chemoradiotherapy, but the outcome was not determined by the mode of diagnosis (radiological or clinical).     

朝藿甙A的结构

从朝鲜淫羊藿(Epimedium koreanum Nakai)地上部分分离得到一个新黄酮醇甙类成分:朝藿甙A(ChaohuosideA,I),经光谱分析证明,其结构为7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-脱水淫羊藿素-3-O-β-D-(3,6-O-二乙酰基)-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→3)-α-L-(4-O-乙酰基)-吡喃鼠李糖甙。