催化分光光度法测定人发中微量铁

拟定了一简单实用的测定人发中铁的催化分光光度法。在实验条件下,人发中常见的数10种微量元素均不干扰铁的测定,回收率达86～106%。     

Effect of Central Muscarine Receptor Blockade with DKJ-21 on the Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Stress-Induced Hypertensive Rats

Da-Nian Zhu, Long-Mei Xue, Peng Li. Effect of central muscarine receptor blockade. with DKJ-21 on the blood pressure and heart rote in stress-induced hypertensive rats.

The experiments were performed on Wistar or Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes divided at random into stress and control groups. The rats in the stress groups were put into cages and subjected to electric foot-shocks and noises for 9-15 days, which caused an increase in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). In hypertensive rats DKJ-21 (4mg/lml) was injected intravenously (i.v.), and 0.5-1.0h after administration the BP and HR dropped from the high level to normotensive level. In normotensive rats, however, administration of DKJ-21 had no effect on BP or HR. In separate groups of normotensive rats, pretreatment of DKJ-21 (4 mg/l ml, i.v.) blocked the pressor and tachycardiac effect induced by microinjection of physostigmine (0.4μg/0.1 /μl/site), corticosterone (40μg/0.1μl/site) or aldosterone (40 μg/0.1 μl/site) into the rostral ventrolateral medulla (rVLM). Furthermore, DKJ-21 also attenuated the enhancement of the pressor response to stimulation of the defense area in the midbrain, which was induced by microinjection of drugs (mentioned above) into the rVLM. These results indicate that i.v. DKJ-21 can selectively block the muscarinic receptors in the rVLM in stress-induced hypertensive rats, which suggests that abnormal enhancement of cholinergic mechanism in the rVLM may be related to hypertensive effects of corticoids in this area.     

玻璃纤维表面的乙烯基单体接枝聚合

用玻璃纤维表面处理剂ＭＡＣ处理玻璃纤维后，再进行臭氧处理，使玻璃纤维的表面产生活性中心，引发苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、及丙烯酸等乙烯基单体在玻璃纤维表面上接枝聚合。接枝纤维的密度减小，对水的浸润性下降，红外光谱及扫描电镜观察证明玻璃纤维表面上接枝聚合物的存在。     

pH指示剂吸收度比值法测定盐酸乙胺丁醇的含量

本文报道pH指示剂吸收度比值法测定盐酸乙胺丁醇的含量。该法采用指示剂为0.05%茜素黄R,测定波长374nm和500nm;标准液为0.1mol/L NaOH;仪器为WFZ-800D_2型分光光度计。测得三批盐酸乙胺丁醇的含量分别为99.5±0.04%,99.4±0.05%和99.6±0.03%.同时与药典法比较,结果一致。     

胚胎脊髓细胞悬液植入急性成年大鼠损伤脊髓

目的：建立胚胎脊髓细胞悬液移植于脊髓损伤模型，以评价其治疗脊髓损伤的可能性。方法：４２只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠以改良Ａｌｅｎ法（５０ｇｃｍ）打击脊髓，３天后将孕１４天（Ｅ１４）ＦＳＣＳ２０μｌ植入损伤空腔，移植后２、４、６、８、１０、１２周，以光、电镜、免疫组织化学观察移植物存活、分化及其与宿主之间关系。结果：移植细胞逐渐长大。充满不规则空腔，宿主ＮＦ、５－ＨＴ、ＣＧＲＰ纤维分别出现于移植物，ＧＦＡＰ纤维于宿主移植物交界处适量存在。移植成神经细胞、成少突胶质细胞、成星形细胞的细胞器日渐完善，细胞功能活跃。复杂及多样突触与细胞连接，将上述细胞与神经纤维、胶质纤维、毛细血管网在三维空间内连接成一体，并与宿主紧密嵌合。结论：（１）成年大鼠脊髓损伤３天后植入ＦＳＣＳ可以存活。（２）移植物进入宿主后，出现再分布，继而器官样分化。（３）长、短传导束进入移植物，显示了移植物的桥作用。（４）成少突胶质细胞的神经营救作用。（５）移植区内出现多种突触，提示移植物中继作用的可能性。     

Effect of temperature in focal ischemia of rat brain studied by 31P and 1H spectroscopic imaging

³¹P, ¹H and lactate spectroscopic imaging was used to evaluate the effects of hypothermia on focal cerebral ischemia produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. The effects on high energy phosphate metabolism, pH, lactate and NAA were investigated in 24 spontaneously hypertensive rats subjected to either permanent or transient ischemia. Under either normothermic (37.5°C) or hypothermic (32°C) conditions, with permanent 6-h occlusion, there was little difference between groups in either the NMR measurements or the volume of infarction. In animals that underwent 3 h of ischemia followed by 12 h of reperfusion, the ischemic changes in lactate, pH, NAA, and high-energy phosphate returned toward control values, and there was a protective effect of hypothermia (infarct volume of 211 ± 26 and 40 ± 14 mm³ in normothermic and hypothermic groups, respectively). Thus, hypothermia did not ameliorate the changes in lactate, pH, NAA, or high energy phosphate levels occurring during ischemia, however, during reperfusion there was an improvement in both the recovery of these metabolites and pathological outcome in hypothermic compared with normothermic animals.     

不同膳食特点地区中老年人血红蛋白及其与膳食营养的关系

测定分析不同膳食特点地区975例年龄45～74岁中老年人的血红蛋白及其与膳食营养素的关系。结果牧民及城市居民贫血率低，北京及新疆托里分别为7.6％和4.6％。男性比女性血红蛋白高，血红蛋白随年龄增加而降低。相关分析结果血红蛋白与膳食热能、蛋白质、动物蛋白质与总蛋白质比值呈显著正相关。结果说明血红蛋白可用于中老年人营养状态监测。     

Observation on the effects of Chinese medicine zhenxuanyin for improving cerebral blood flow in rats with cerebral ischemia.

Zhenxuanyin [symbol: see text] is composed of pure Chinese medicinal herbs, such as gastrodia tuber, poria cocos, ligusticum wallichii etc. 4-verssel occlusion (4VO) model rats were reperfused after 30 minutes' complete occlusion, and Zhenxuanyin was administered 3 times a day. 24 hours later, 123I-IMP uptake in the brain was evaluated as an index of cerebral blood flow (CBF). The results show that Zhenxuanyin (0.03 g/kg, 0.3 g/kg, 1 g/kg, or 3 g/kg a day) can greatly improve the blood flow in the main cerebral regions, and 0.3 g/kg can increase cerebral blood flow (CBF) to the normal level.     

硬膜外控自动镇痛泵用于剖宫产术后临床观察

目的 :观察硬膜外腔自动镇痛泵 (AFA)用于剖宫产术后镇痛效果及对产后各项生理指标的影响。方法 :选择剖宫产术后患者 10 0例 ,随机分为两组 ,每组各 5 0例。硬膜外腔自动镇痛泵内含有 0 75 %布比卡因 15ml,0 5 %布比卡因 0 5ml,氟哌啶醇 5mg ,吗啡 8mg ,麻黄素 15mg ,生理盐水 80ml,以每小时 2ml速度给药 ,持续给药 48小时 ,对照组则不给任何药物。采用视觉模拟评分法 ,分别观察 2组患者术后的疼痛情况 ,肠蠕动恢复时间 ,拔尿管后排尿情况 ,产后出血、子宫复旧、泌乳情况及下床活动早晚情况 ,以及是否有恶心、呕吐、呼吸抑制等。结果 :①术后镇痛泵组患者术后无明显疼痛感 ,镇痛效果好 ,而对照组患者术后有明显疼痛感 (P <0 0 1) ;②镇痛泵组患者术后肠蠕动恢复时间为 (16 68±9 3 2 )h ,对照组 (16 2 3± 10 1)h ,两者比较无明显差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ;③术后尿管拔除后尿潴留发生率 ,镇痛泵组 8例 ,对照组 2例 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;④镇痛泵组下床活动时间为 (19± 5 )h ,明显早于对照组 (2 7± 8)h ,两组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;⑤ 2组患者产后出血、泌乳情况、子宫复旧、术后恶心呕吐、呼吸抑制发生情况比较 ,差异均无显著性(P >0 0 5 )。结论 :硬膜外自动镇痛泵具有良好的镇痛     

90例毛母质瘤的临床病理分析

对90例毛母质瘤进行分析。结果显示,女性多于男性,男女之比1:2.1。此瘤以20～40岁多见,计43例(47.7％),20岁以下39例(43.3％),40岁以上8例(9.0％)。60％病例伴有钙化,35％有骨化,25.5％有含铁血黄素或黑色素沉着。局部损伤与本病发生相关,故认为局部损伤可能是本病的主要成因之一。对此瘤临床与病理诊断进行讨论。