Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) is reduced in permanent focal cerebral ischemic mouse brain using an adenoviral vector to induce overexpression of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist

Our previous studies have demonstrated that overexpression of recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein (IL-1ra) via gene transfer can reduce ischemic brain injury. However, the mechanism of action of IL-1ra in ischemia is unclear. Since interleukin-1 can up-regulate intercellular adhesion molecules in endothelium, the present study was designed to determine whether overexpression of the IL-1ra can reduce the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) after ischemic injury. Normal saline or adenovirus vector (1x109 particles) encoding the human IL-1ra gene (Ad.RSVIL-1ra) or the Escherichia coli LacZ gene (Ad.RSVlacZ) was injected into the right lateral cerebral ventricle of adult CD-1 mice. After five days, permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was achieved for 24 h using an intraluminal suture. Cerebral blood flow was monitored by transcranial laser Doppler flowmetry to verify the occlusion. ICAM-1 protein was quantified using Western blot analysis and localized using immunohistochemistry. After MCAO, surface blood flow in the ischemic hemisphere was decreased to 9-11% of the baseline. There were fewer ICAM-1 positive vessels in the ischemic cortex of the Ad.RSVIL-1ra transfected mice than in the Ad.RSVlacZ transfected and saline treated mice (138+/-19 vs. 249+/-25, 284+/-22, p<0.05). Western blot analysis shows that ICAM-1 protein decreased 50-60% in the Ad. RSVIL-1ra group compared to the other two groups. There were no significant differences in the numbers of positive vessels in the ischemic basal ganglia and contralateral hemisphere among the three groups. Our studies suggest that IL-1ra overexpression can down-regulate the expression of ICAM-1 in the ipsilateral cortex in ischemic mice. Interleukin-1 may play an important role in the activation of inflammatory reaction during focal cerebral ischemia by promoting leukocyte adhesion on the endothelium cells.     

Long-term fate of heterotopic liver transplants in rats with portal vein inflow only

Previous studies have suggested that hepatic arterial flow in heterotopic partial liver transplants is necessary to ensure graft survival and regenerative capacity. This report presents findings in a syngeneic rat strain (Lewis) that partial liver transplants can be successfully heterotopically transplanted in the long term with the only inflow coming from the portal vein. When the host liver undergoes a nearly complete resection at 3-4 weeks, the transplanted liver regenerates to maintain the health of the host. Moderate to massive hepatocellular necrosis occurs in the first 3 months postoperatively, with recovery by 4-5 months. Liver transplants 8-10 months postoperatively appear architecturally normal. No host liver tissues were found to be regenerating after subtotal host liver resection. We conclude that portal vein reconstruction without hepatic arterial inflow can sustain a partial liver transplant in the long term, replacing the function of the host liver.     

Update on sequential isologous rat organ transplantation: pancreaticoduodenal and kidney transplantations

This periodic report includes intermittent results of consecutive pancreaticoduodenal (Pd) and kidney (Kt) transplants in inbred rats and results on double kidney transplants that did not follow sequential transplant protocol. Eight 24-month-old Lewis pancreas, kidney, and aorta served histological controls showing normal histological architecture with no atherosclerosis developed in the aorta. Thirty-four month old pancreas and thirty-two month old kidneys, which resided in young hosts for at least three occasions, appeared as youthful Pd and Kt grafts. They show normal histological appearance for more than the expected life span of a Lewis rat. The fact that not only pancreases but also kidneys outlived their host leads to the study of other different organs' viability as aged valuable grafts. Nevertheless, the threats by the development of atherosclerosis in graft-associated aortas resulted in slow progression of the follow-ups.     

肺炎支原体下呼吸道感染患儿血清肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-8的检测

目的　探索肺炎支原体所致下呼吸道感染的免疫学发病机制。方法　采用顺序饱和液相竞争放射免疫分析法及夹心酶免疫放射分析法对３０ 例肺炎支原体所致下呼吸道感染患儿血清进行了肿瘤坏死因子（ Ｔ Ｎ Ｆ） － α和白细胞介素－ ８（ Ｉ Ｌ－ ８） 的检测。结果　肺炎支原体所致下呼吸道感染患儿血清中 Ｔ Ｎ Ｆ－ α及 Ｉ Ｌ－ ８ 水平均明显高于健康儿童; Ｔ Ｎ Ｆ－ α和 Ｉ Ｌ－ ８ 升高呈正相关。结论　 Ｔ Ｎ Ｆ－ α在肺炎支原体所致下呼吸道感染中起着重要作用,也是 Ｉ Ｌ－ ８ 升高的重要促进因子。     

Immunization with a LEAPS heteroconjugate containing a CTL epitope and a peptide from beta-2-microglobulin elicits a protective and DTH response to herpes simplex virus type 1

A ligand epitope antigen presentation system (LEAPS) heteroconjugate vaccine containing a CTL epitope (H1) from the HSV-1 immediate early protein ICP27 (322-332) and a peptide sequence (J) from beta-2-microglobulin (35-50) elicited protection from intraperitoneal viral challenge and promoted DTH responses. The H1 peptide and other H1 containing heteroconjugates did not elicit protection or DTH responses. Antibody to the H1 peptide could not be detected by ELISA following vaccination with peptide, heteroconjugate or natural infection. The LEAPS heteroconjugate appears to prime a Thl-like response which is subsequently boosted by infection. These studies show that attachment of the J peptide can make a CTL epitope into a vaccine which is immunogenic and promotes a protective Th1 type of response.     

中药骨康对去睾大鼠骨质疏松的防治作用

为探讨补肾活血类中药骨康口服液对去睾大鼠所造成的骨质疏松的影响 ,通过切除大鼠睾丸造骨质疏松模型 ,观察了不同剂量中药骨康口服液对该模型大鼠骨面密度 ( ρA ,bone)、骨矿含量 (mM ,bone)及股骨骨生物力学的影响 ,并与特乐定作阳性对照。结果 :中药骨康高、中剂量防治的去睾大鼠股骨扭转试验最大扭矩及血睾酮 (T)含量 ( ρT ,bl)高于模型组 (P <0 .0 5和P <0 .0 1) ,高、中、低剂量组全身及左、右股骨ρA ,bone、mM ,bone高于模型组 (P <0 .0 5 )。提示骨康口服液能提高去睾大鼠血睾酮含量、骨的骨矿含量及骨密度 ,改善骨组织的生物力学性能 ,避免骨折的发生。为中药骨康口服液防治老年男性骨质疏松症提供实验依据。     

前列腺肥大组织中肥大细胞的光镜与电镜研究

本研究对２６ 例前列腺肥大组织进行了光镜与电镜研究。结果发现：①前列腺肥大组织中的肥大细胞全部为阿辛蓝阳性,并可见肥大细胞呈明显的脱颗粒现象;②肥大细胞颗粒的亚微结构为相互分离的涡卷状、串珠状或细粒状;③ＴＢ长染、ＡＢ－ Ｓ长染与相应的短染相比,肥大细胞的数量明显增多且具有显著性差异。结果提示：在前列腺肥大组织中的肥大细胞主要为Ｔ 型肥大细胞且具有异质性     

米索前列醇用于足月妊娠引产的效果观察

目的：观察５０μｇ 米索前列醇对晚期妊娠引产的有效性和安全性。方法：选择有引产指征的单胎、头位、胎膜完整的足月妊娠妇女２００ 例,随机分成两组,研究组（１００例）用米索前列醇５０μｇ 阴道用药,对照组（１００ 例）用人工破膜点滴小剂量催产素。结果：米索组足月妊娠引产成功率达７８％ ,催产素组成功率达４９％ ,其临产发动时间及总产程米索组为４．９ｈ、５．９３ｈ,催产素组为１４．３７ｈ、６．２７ｈ,分娩方式、新生儿体重、新生儿窒息及宫缩过强伴发胎心监护异常,两组比较差异无显著性（Ｐ＞ ０．０５）,但米索组剖宫产率低于催产素引产组,差异非常显著（（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。结论：阴道放置米索前列醇用于足月妊娠引产能缩短产程,降低剖宫产率,是疗效显著、安全有效、方便的引产方法。     

镉对巨噬细胞毒性及DNA损伤作用的研究

应用ＭＴＴ 比色、琼脂糖凝胶电泳方法研究氯化镉对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞（ ＭΦ） 的毒性及ＤＮＡ 的损伤作用。结果表明,染毒６ 小时,氯化镉对ＭΦ活性产生抑制效应,染毒２４ 小时,抑制效应最大;镉浓度与ＭΦ活性抑制率之间存在剂量反应关系。染毒２４ 小时,镉浓度为１０ 、２０ 、４０ 、８０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ时,ＭΦＤＮＡ 电泳呈现“梯子”条带（ 凋亡特征） ;镉浓度为１６０ 、３２０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ 时,ＤＮＡ 电泳呈现“膜”状（ 坏死特征） 。本研究提示,氯化镉可抑制离体ＭΦ的活性,而且可引起ＤＮＡ 的降解,不同浓度的氧化镉引起ＭΦ损伤的方式不同。     

大豆皂甙抑瘤效应及对荷瘤鼠免疫功能的影响

为了从兔疫学角度探讨大豆皂甙的抑瘤机理,采用T淋巴细胞功能和淋巴因子测定法及细胞毒技术,研究了大豆皂甙对荷瘤鼠肿瘤生长的抑制作用及对荷瘤鼠免疫功能的影响.结果表明,大豆皂甙明显抑制荷瘤鼠肿瘤细胞的生长,促进荷瘤鼠脾和胸腺细胞的增殖反应及脾T淋巴细胞IL-2的分泌,增强LAK和NK肿瘤杀伤细胞的活性.提示大豆皂甙是一种良好的抑制肿瘤细胞生长的免疫调节剂.