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The use of fibers in cementitious composites yields numerous benefits due to their fiber-bridging capabilities in resisting cracks. Therefore, this study aimed to improve the shear-resisting capabilities of conventional concrete through the hybridization of multiple synthetic fibers, specifically on reinforced concrete structures in seismic-prone regions. For this study, 16 hybrid fiber-reinforced concretes (HyFRC) were developed from the different combinations of Ferro macro-synthetic fibers with the Ultra-Net, Super-Net, Econo-Net, and Nylo-Mono microfibers. These hybrids were tested under direct shear, resulting in improved shear strength of controlled specimens by Ferro-Ultra (32%), Ferro-Super (24%), Ferro-Econo (44%), and Ferro-Nylo (24%). Shear energy was further assessed to comprehend the effectiveness of the fiber interactions according to the mechanical properties, dosage, bonding power, manufactured material, and form of fibers. Conclusively, all fiber combinations used in this study produced positive synergistic effects under direct shear at large crack deformations. 相似文献
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Nor Asiah Muhamad Saidatul Norbaya Buang Safurah Jaafar Rohani Jais Phaik Sim Tan Normi Mustapha Noor Aliza Lodz Tahir Aris Lokman Hakim Sulaiman Shahnaz Murad 《BMC public health》2018,18(1):1402
Background
In 2006, 4 years of planning was started by the Ministry of Health, Malaysia (MOH), to implement the HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccination programme. An inter-agency and multi-sectoral collaborations were developed for Malaysia’s HPV school-based immunisation programme. It was approved for nationwide school base implementation for 13-year-old girls or first year secondary students in 2010. This paper examines how the various strategies used in the implementation over the last 7?years (2010–2016) that unique to Malaysia were successful in achieving optimal coverage of the target population.Methods
Free vaccination was offered to school girls in secondary school (year seven) in Malaysia, which is usually at the age of 13 in the index year. All recipients of the HPV vaccine were identified through school enrolments obtained from education departments from each district in Malaysia. A total of 242,638 girls aged between 12 to 13?years studying in year seven were approached during the launch of the program in 2010. Approximately 230,000 girls in secondary schools were offered HPV vaccine per year by 646 school health teams throughout the country from 2010 to 2016.Results
Parental consent for their daughters to receive HPV vaccination at school was very high at 96–98% per year of the programme. Of those who provided consent, over 99% received the first dose each year and 98–99% completed the course per year. Estimated population coverage for the full vaccine course, considering also those not in school, is estimated at 83 to 91% per year. Rates of adverse events reports following HPV vaccination were low at around 2 per 100,000 and the majority was injection site reactions.Conclusion
A multisectoral and integrated collaborative structure and process ensured that the Malaysia school-based HPV immunisation programme was successful and sustained through the programme design, planning, implementation and monitoring and evaluation. This is a critical factor contributing to the success and sustainability of the school-based HPV immunisation programme with very high coverage.15.
Nasruddin Jaafar Hina Hakim Nor Azlida Mohd Nor Asma Mohamed Roslan Saub Rashidah Esa Jennifer Doss Zamros Yuzadi Mohd Yusof Norintan Ab-Murat Noor Lide Abu Kassim Hazreen Abdul Majid 《BMC public health》2014,14(Z3):S2
Background
The urban low income has often been assumed to have the greatest dental treatment needs compared to the general population. However, no studies have been carried out to verify these assumptions. This study was conducted to assess whether there was any difference between the treatment needs of an urban poor population as compared to the general population in order to design an intervention programme for this community.Methods
A random sampling of living quarters (households) in the selected areas was done. 586 adults over 19 years old living in these households were clinically examined using World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Survey criteria 4th edition (1997).Results
The overall prevalence of dental caries, periodontal disease, denture wearers and temporomandibular joint problems were 70.5%, 97.1%, 16.7% and 26%, respectively. The majority (80.5%) needed some form of dental treatment. The highest treatment needs were found in the oldest age group while the lowest were in the youngest group (19-29 years) (p = 0.000). The most prevalent periodontal problem was calculus; regardless of gender, ethnicity and age. Significantly more females (20.5%) wore prosthesis than males (11.1%) (p = 0.003). Prosthetic status and need significantly increased with age (p = 0.000). About one in four adults had Temporo-Mandibular Joint (TMJ) problems. Overall, it was surprising to note that the oral disease burden related to caries, prosthetic status and treatment need were lower in this population as compared to the national average (NOHSA, 2010). However, their periodontal disease status and treatment needs were higher compared to the national average indicating a poor oral hygiene standard.Conclusions
The evidence does not show that the overall oral disease burden and treatment needs in this urban disadvantaged adult population as higher than the national average, except for periodontal disease. The older age groups and elderly were identified as the most in need for oral health intervention and promotion. An integrated health intervention programme through a multisectoral common risk factor approach in collaboration with the Faculties of Medicine, Dentistry and other agencies is needed for the identified target group.16.
Frequent coexistence of RAS mutations in RUNX1‐mutated acute myeloid leukemia in Arab Asian children
Lika'a Fasih Y. Al‐Kzayer MD PhD Kazuo Sakashita MD PhD Mazin Faisal Al‐Jadiry MD Salma Abbas Al‐Hadad MD Le T.N. Uyen MD Tingting Liu MD Kazuyuki Matsuda PhD Jaafar M.H. Abdulkadhim MD Tariq Abadi Al‐Shujairi MD Zead Ismael I.K. Matti MD Janan Ghalib Hasan MD Hussam M. Salih Al‐Abdullah MD Toshi Inoshita MD Minoru Kamata MD Maher A. Sughayer MD Faris F. Madanat MD Kenichi Koike MD PhD 《Pediatric blood & cancer》2014,61(11):1980-1985
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Ardiyansyah Syahrom Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir Jaafar Abdullah Andreas Öchsner 《Medical engineering & physics》2013,35(6):792-799
In the development of artificial cancellous bones, two major factors need to be considered: the integrity of the overall structure and its permeability. Whilst there have been many studies analysing the mechanical properties of artificial and natural cancellous bones, permeability studies, especially those using numerical simulation, are scarce. In this study, idealised cancellous bones were simulated from the morphological indices of natural cancellous bone. Three different orientations were also simulated to compare the anisotropic nature of the structure. Computational fluid dynamics methods were used to analyse fluid flow through the cancellous structures. A constant mass flow rate was used to determine the intrinsic permeability of the virtual specimens. The results showed similar permeability of the prismatic plate-and-rod model to the natural cancellous bone. The tetrakaidecahedral rod model had the highest permeability under simulated blood flow conditions, but the plate counterpart had the lowest. Analyses on the anisotropy of the virtual specimens showed the highest permeability for the horizontal orientation. Linear relationships were found between permeability and the two physical properties, porosity and bone surface area. 相似文献
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Jaafar Bennouna Istvan Lang Manuel Valladares-Ayerbes Katalin Boer Antoine Adenis Pilar Escudero Tae-You Kim Gillian M. Pover Clive D. Morris Jean-Yves Douillard 《Investigational new drugs》2011,29(5):1021-1028
Objectives To assess the efficacy and safety of the MEK1/2 inhibitor AZD6244 (ARRY-142886) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
who had failed one or two previous chemotherapeutic regimens that included oxaliplatin and/or irinotecan. Methods This was a Phase II, multicentre, open-label, randomised, two-arm, parallel-group study comparing AZD6244 with capecitabine
monotherapy. Patients received either 100 mg twice daily oral AZD6244 free-base suspension every day or 1,250 mg/m2 twice daily oral capecitabine, for 2 weeks, followed by a 1-week rest period, in 3-weekly cycles. The primary endpoint was
the number of patients experiencing disease progression events. Results Sixty-nine patients were randomised in the study (34 and 35 patients in the AZD6244 and capecitabine groups, respectively).
Disease progression events were experienced by 28 patients (∼80%) in both the AZD6244 and capecitabine treatment groups. Median
progression-free survival was 81 days and 88 days in the AZD6244 and capecitabine groups, respectively. Ten patients in the
AZD6244 treatment arm had a best response of stable disease. For capecitabine, best response was a partial response in one
patient, with stable disease in a further 15 patients. The most frequently observed adverse events reported with AZD6244 were
acneiform dermatitis, diarrhoea, asthenia and peripheral oedema, compared with hand-foot syndrome, diarrhoea, nausea and abdominal
pain with capecitabine. Conclusions AZD6244 showed similar efficacy to capecitabine in terms of the number of patients with a disease progression event and of
progression-free survival. AZD6244 is currently undergoing evaluation in Phase II trials in combination with other chemotherapeutic
agents. 相似文献