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排序方式: 共有852条查询结果,搜索用时 154 毫秒
31.
Ana Ostojic Igor Petrovic Hrvoje Silovski Iva Kosuta Maja Sremac Anna Mrzljak 《World journal of hepatology》2022,14(9):1739-1746
Persistent ascites (PA) after liver transplantation (LT), commonly defined as ascit es lasting more than 4 wk after LT, can be expected in up to 7% of patients. Despite being relatively rare, it is associated with worse clinical outcomes, inclu ding higher 1-year mortality. The cause of PA can be divided into vascular, hepat ic, or extrahepatic. Vascular causes of PA include hepatic outflow and inflow obst ructions, which are usually successfully treated. Regarding modifiable hepatic causes, recurrent hepatitis C and acute cellular rejection are the leading ones. Considering predictors for PA, the presence of ascites, refractory ascites, hepato-renal syndrome type 1, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatic encephalopathy, and prolonged ischemic time significantly influence the development of PA after LT. The initial approach to patients with PA should be to diagnose the treatable cause of PA. The stepwise approach in evaluating PA includes diagnostic parac entesis, ultrasound with Doppler, and an echocardiogram when a cardiac cause is suspected. Finally, a percutaneous or transjugular liver biopsy should be per formed in cases where the diagnosis is unclear. PA of unknown cause should be treated with diuretics and paracentesis, while transjugular intrahepatic port osystemic shunt and splenic artery embolization are treatment methods in pat ients with refractory ascites after LT. 相似文献
32.
Mirjana Dimitrijević Iva Aleksić Vesna Vujić Stanislava Stanojević Ivan Pilipović Stephan von Hörsten Gordana Leposavić 《Age (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2014,36(4):9696
In humans, usual aging, differently from successful aging, is associated with deregulation of proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokine balance. The corresponding data from rat studies are limited. Therefore, we examined (i) cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) profile of fresh peritoneal cells from 6- (adult), 24- (old), and 31-month-old (long-lived) AO rats and (ii) proinflammatory (IL-1β and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokine, NO, and urea production in their LPS-stimulated cultures. Comparing with adult rats, cells from old ones expressed lower amount of TNF-α and IL-6 mRNAs, but greater amount of IL-1β mRNA. On the other hand, cells from long-lived rats exhibited a dramatic increase in IL-10 mRNA expression followed by diminished TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expression, and comparable expression of IL-1β mRNA relative to adult rats. Consequently, IL-10/IL-1β mRNA ratio was greater in cells from long-lived rats than in adult and old rats. In LPS-stimulated peritoneal cell cultures (contained ≥95 % macrophages) from old rats, concentration of common proinflammatory cytokines was higher than in those from adult rats. Comparing with adult and old rats, in LPS-stimulated macrophage cultures from long-lived rats, TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations were lower; IL-1β concentration was comparable or greater (in respect to adult rats), whereas that of IL-10 was strikingly higher. Consistently, in macrophage cultures from long-lived rats, NO (iNOS activity marker)/urea (arginase activity marker) ratio was less and not different from that in old and adult rats, respectively. The study suggests that macrophages from long-lived rats, differently from those of old ones, have substantial ability to limit proinflammatory mediator production, which may contribute to their longevity. 相似文献
33.
34.
Martina Lengerova Zdenek Racil Kristyna Hrncirova Iva Kocmanova Pavlina Volfova Dita Ricna Petr Bejdak Mojmir Moulis Zdenek Pavlovsky Barbora Weinbergerova Martina Toskova Jiri Mayer 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2014,52(8):2824-2828
Rapid differential diagnostics of pulmonary infiltrates suspected of invasive fungal disease in an immunocompromised host and early initiation of effective antifungal therapy are crucial for patient outcomes. There are no serological tests available to detect mucormycetes; therefore, PCR-based methods are highly suitable. We validated our previously published PCR followed by high-resolution melt analysis (PCR/HRMA) to detect Rhizopus spp., Rhizomucor pusillus, Lichtheimia corymbifera, and Mucor spp. in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from immunocompromised patients who were at risk of invasive fungal disease. All PCR/HRMA-positive samples were retested using novel real-time quantitative PCR (RQ PCR) assays specific to the species identified. In total, between January 2009 and December 2012 we analyzed 99 BAL samples from 86 patients with pulmonary abnormalities using PCR/HRMA. Ninety (91%) BAL samples were negative, and 9 (9%) samples were positive. The sensitivity and specificity of PCR/HRMA were 100% and 93%, respectively. By combining the positive results of PCR/HRMA with positive RQ PCR results, the specificity was raised to 98%. PCR/HRMA, due to its high negative predictive value (99%), represents a fast and reliable tool for routine BAL sample screening for the differential diagnosis of pulmonary infiltrates in immunocompromised patients for the four most clinically important mucormycetes. 相似文献
35.
Beta defensin‐1 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance lesions in Italian gynecological patients
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36.
Samantha A. Chalmers Rajalakshmy Ayilam Ramachandran Sayra J. Garcia Evan Der Leal Herlitz Jeanette Ampudia Dalena Chu Nicole Jordan Ting Zhang Ioannis Parodis Iva Gunnarsson Huihua Ding Nan Shen Michelle Petri Chi Chiu Mok Ramesh Saxena Krishna R. Polu Stephen Connelly Cherie T. Ng Chandra Mohan Chaim Putterman 《The Journal of clinical investigation》2022,132(1)
T cells are central to the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN), a common complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). CD6 and its ligand, activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), are involved in T cell activation and trafficking. Previously, we showed that soluble ALCAM is increased in urine (uALCAM) of patients with LN, suggesting that this pathway contributes to disease. To investigate, uALCAM was examined in 1038 patients with SLE and LN from 5 ethnically diverse cohorts; CD6 and ALCAM expression was assessed in LN kidney cells; and disease contribution was tested via antibody blockade of CD6 in murine models of SLE and acute glomerulonephritis. Extended cohort analysis offered resounding validation of uALCAM as a biomarker that distinguishes active renal involvement in SLE, irrespective of ethnicity. ALCAM was expressed by renal structural cells whereas CD6 expression was exclusive to T cells, with elevated numbers of CD6+ and ALCAM+ cells in patients with LN. CD6 blockade in models of spontaneous lupus and immune-complex glomerulonephritis revealed significant decreases in immune cells, inflammatory markers, and disease measures. Our data demonstrate the contribution of the CD6/ALCAM pathway to LN and SLE, supporting its use as a disease biomarker and therapeutic target. 相似文献
37.
Rachita Dhurat Aseem Sharma Lidia Rudnicka George Kroumpouzos Martin Kassir Hassan Galadari Uwe Wollina Torello Lotti Masa Golubovic Iva Binic Stephan Grabbe Mohamad Goldust 《Dermatologic therapy》2020,33(3)
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a multifactorial disease that carries a significant psychological burden with it. Dihydrotestosterone, the main pathogenic androgen in AGA, is produced by conversion of testosterone, which is catalyzed by the 5‐alpha reductase (5‐AR) isoenzyme family. Finasteride and dutasteride are inhibitors of these enzymes. Finasteride, which is a single receptor 5‐alpha reductase inhibitor (5‐ARI), acts by blocking dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Dutasteride, a dual receptor DHT blocker, has a higher potency than its predecessor, finasteride. This review corroborates the evidence of superiority of dutasteride over finasteride, and its comparable safety profile concerning fertility, teratogenicity, neurotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity. 相似文献
38.
Marković Vladana Stanković Iva Petrović Igor Stojković Tanja Dragašević-Mišković Nataša Radovanović Saša Svetel Marina Stefanova Elka Kostić Vladimir 《Journal of neurology》2020,267(4):1127-1136
Journal of Neurology - Impulsive compulsive behaviors (ICBs) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are debilitating disorders of repetitive, excessive, and compulsive nature affecting up to one third... 相似文献
39.
Iva K. Brunec Jessica Robin Eva Zita Patai Jason D. Ozubko Amir‐Homayoun Javadi Morgan D. Barense Hugo J. Spiers Morris Moscovitch 《Hippocampus》2019,29(8):748-754
As London taxi drivers acquire “the knowledge” and develop a detailed cognitive map of London, their posterior hippocampi (pHPC) gradually increase in volume, reflecting an increasing pHPC/aHPC volume ratio. In the mnemonic domain, greater pHPC/aHPC volume ratios in young adults have been found to relate to better recollection ability, indicating that the balance between pHPC and aHPC volumes might be reflective of cross‐domain individual differences. Here, we examined participants' self‐reported use of cognitive map‐based navigational strategies in relation to their pHPC/aHPC hippocampal volume ratio. We find that greater reported cognitive map use was related to significantly greater posterior, relative to anterior, hippocampal volume in two separate samples of young adults. Further, greater reported cognitive map usage correlated with better performance on a self‐initiated navigation task. Together, these data help to advance our understanding of differences between aHPC and pHPC and the greater role of pHPC in spatial mapping. 相似文献
40.
Iva R Kalita K Veena Freidrick Mouttappa Harsh V Singh 《Indian journal of ophthalmology》2022,70(1):223
Purpose:The study was aimed at finding out the present pattern of referrals to the Pediatric Ophthalmology outpatient department (OPD) in a tertiary eye care hospital and thus identify the discrepancy of referral, if any, which would help to modify and enhance the practice guidelines.Methods:The study was conducted by retrospectively collecting data from all referral letters that were already uploaded in the Electronic Medical Report (EMR) against all patients from June 2019 to December 2019. All pediatric patients in the age group of 0–16 years were included in the study. The practicing field of referring clinicians was noted along with the maximum information that could be collected from the referral letter and were thus assessed for the quality, accuracy, and timely referral.Results:Out of 77 referrals received in the study period, six referral letters neither had any mention of the designation of the referring clinician nor any specific diagnosis or details. Thus, only 71 patients were included for further study. The referring clinicians were mainly ophthalmologists, pediatricians, general practitioners (GPs), and others (cardiologists, neurologists). Maximum patients were referred by ophthalmologists (76%) but visual acuity was noted only for 30% of these patients. Almost half of the referral diagnosis was accurate. Pediatrician referrals were found to be more detailed and précised.Conclusion:There is a need for a standardized hospital-specific format of referrals and basic training to primary care providers on some simple tests (Lights reflex tests) for identifying the “red flags” in pediatric eye examination and thus enhancing the quality and timely referral per se. 相似文献