Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk in Serbian population

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 46 SNPs associated with human prostate cancer (PCa). Some studies have shown correlation of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) NOS3 gene polymorphisms with the risk and/or progression of PCa. This study aimed to evaluate the association of NOS3 gene polymorphisms (−786T>C, −764A>G, −714G>T, −690C>T, −649G>A and 894G>T) with PCa risk and progression. 150 patients with PCa, 150 patients with BPH and 100 age-matched healthy controls were recruited in this study. Genotyping of promoter polymorphisms was performed by bi-directional DNA sequencing, and for 894G>T by RFLP analysis. There was no significant association between the alleles and genotypes of these genetic variants and PCa risk. For −786T>C polymorphism, we found that C allele is associated with absence of metastases, assuming dominant genetic model (P = 0.049; OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.25–1.00). It was found that, compared with NOS3 −690C>T variant CC genotype, CT and TT genotypes confer decreased risk of developing metastases (dominant model, P = 0.015, OR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.07–0.88) and show association with low clinical tumour stage, compared with stages T₃ and T₄ (dominant model, P = 0.046, OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.04–1.02). Genetic variants −764A>G, −714G>T, −649G>A were not detected in our study group. There is evidence of an inverse correlation of the NOS3 894G>T minor allele with high serum PSA (>20 ng/ml) (dominant model, P = 0.013, OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.17–0.82). Our results suggest that NOS3 gene polymorphisms are genetic susceptibility factors for the progression of PCa and patient outcome.     

Phylogenetic and pathogenic analyses of two virulent Newcastle disease viruses isolated from Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) in China

The crested ibis is one of the most endangered birds in the world, found only in Shaanxi Province in Central China, and it has been reintroduced in Sadogashima in Japan. Two Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates were collected from sick crested ibises, and their pathogenic and phylogenetic characteristics were investigated. The results showed that they are virulent, with intracerebral pathogenicity indices of 1.46–1.83 and a mean time of death of 54.4–84.4 h. They shared the same virulent motif ¹¹²-R-R-Q-K-R-F-¹¹⁷ at the F protein cleavage site. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that both isolates were clustered with class II NDVs, with one in genotype VIId and another in a novel genotype (provisionally designated as VIi). The two isolates shared high homology with the strains isolated from poultry flocks in the same region from 2006 to 2010. We first isolated and characterised the NDV isolates from crested ibises, one of which showed new genetic characteristics and formed a new subgenotype with isolates from pigeons and ostriches in the same area. These data are useful for further epidemiological studies on NDV and the protection of crested ibises.     

利培酮与奥氮平治疗难治性精神分裂症对照研究

目的比较利培酮和奥氮平治疗难治性精神分裂症的疗效与安全性。方法将72例难治性精神分裂症患者随机分为研究组和对照组,分别予以利培酮和奥氮平治疗8周。应用阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)和副反应量表(TESS)评定两种药物的临床疗效和不良反应。结果利培酮有效率77.78%,奥氮平有效率83.33%,两组间比较差异无显著性,利培酮的主要不良反应为肌强直、震颤及体重增加,奥氮平的主要不良反应为体重增加及血糖升高。结论利培酮与奥氮平治疗难治性精神分裂症均有良好疗效,二者不良反应均较轻微。     

华生理论在临床护士健康心理建构中的作用

目的探讨华生理论培训在临床护士健康心理建构中的作用。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和职业紧张目录问卷对外科系统196名临床护士进行不计名测试,并对结果进行统计分析。结果症状自评量表(SCL-90)测评显示临床护士人际关系敏感(t=3.44,P<0.01)、焦虑(t=2.56,P<0.05)、躯体不适(t=2.41,P<0.05)、抑郁(t=2.39,P<0.05)4个因子分明显高于国内常模;华生理论培训后,护士的心理健康评分显著低于培训前(P<0.01)。结论华生理论培训有利于护士内环境稳态,护士身体、心理和心灵达到更高程度的和谐,所在科室患者满意度提高。     

ACI患者血清Hcy、hs-CRP和TGF-β1检测的临床意义

目的:探讨了急性脑梗死(ACI)患者治疗前后血清Hcy、hs-CRP和TGF-β1水平的变化及临床意义。方法:应用免疫化学法、免疫比浊法和放射免疫分析对32例ACI患者进行了治疗前后血清Hcy、hs-CRP和TGF-β1检测,并与35名正常健康人作比较。结果:ACI患者在治疗前血清Hcy、hs-CRP和TGF-β1水平均非常显著地高于正常人组(P<0.01),经治疗1个月后则与正常人组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。血清Hcy水平与hs-CRP、TGF-β1水平呈正相关(r=0.6146、0.5784,P<0.01)。结论:检测ACI患者治疗前后血清Hcy、hs-CRP和TGF-β1水平的变化对了解病情、观察预后均具有重要的临床价值。     

EGCG对16Hz,155dB次声诱导的大鼠小胶质细胞过度激活的影响

目的:研究表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG)对次声诱导的大鼠小胶质细胞过度激活的抑制作用,探讨EGCG潜在的次声对脑损伤的防护作用。方法:16 Hz,155 dB次声刺激原代培养的小胶质细胞,通过细胞因子表达量和免疫荧光染色,观察不同浓度(1μmol/L、10μmol/L、100μmol/L)的EGCG在不同时程(12 h和24 h)对次声激活的小胶质细胞的抑制作用。结果:1μmol/L或10μmol/L EGCG预孵可显著抑制次声后大鼠小胶质细胞IL-1β、IL-6、IL-18、TNF-α表达的上调,且10μmol/L组的作用最强(P<0.01)。10μmol/L EGCG可以减少次声诱导的小胶质细胞过度激活的形态变化。结论:EGCG对次声诱导的大鼠小胶质细胞过度激活具有显著的抑制作用。     

人体生命科学馆作为“三生教育”基地模式的探讨

目的探讨以人体生命科学馆作为实践教育基地的“三生教育”模式,为更好的开展大学生“三生教育”探索新的思路和方法。方法在我校公共卫生学院2010-2012级新生入学教育中,把人体生命科学馆作为实践教育基地开展“三生教育”活动,并进行问卷调查。结果85．7％的人觉得“三生教育”的开展应该理论与实践结合;87．6％的人认为把人体生命科学馆作为“三生教育”实践基地,是一种新的“三生教育”模式,具有较好的效果。结论以人体生命科学馆作为实践教育基地的“三生教育”模式加深学生个人对生命价值和意义的理解,为“三生教育”活动的开展提供较好的思路和方法。     

Pleural Mesothelial Cells Promote Expansion of IL-17–Producing CD8+ T Cells in Tuberculous Pleural Effusion

IL-17–producing CD8⁺ T lymphocytes (Tc17 cells) have recently been detected in many cancers and autoimmune diseases. However, the possible implication of Tc17 cells in tuberculous pleural effusion remains unclarified. In this study, distribution and phenotypic features of Tc17 cells in both tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) and peripheral blood from patients with tuberculosis were determined. The effects of proinflammatory cytokines and local accessory cells (pleural mesothelial cells) on Tc17 cell expansion were also explored. We found that TPE contained more Tc17 cells than the blood. Compared with IFN-γ–producing CD8⁺ T cells, Tc17 cells displayed higher expression of chemokine receptors (CCRs) and lower expression of cytotoxic molecules. In particularly, Tc17 cells in TPE exhibited high expression levels of CCR6, which could migrate in response to CCL20. Furthermore, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23, or their various combinations could promote Tc17 cell expansion from CD8⁺ T cells, whereas the proliferative response of Tc17 cells to above cytokines was lower than that of Th17 cells. Pleural mesothelial cells (PMCs) were able to stimulate Tc17 cell expansion via cell contact in an IL-1β/IL-6/IL-23 independent fashion. Thus this study demonstrates that Tc17 cells marks a subset of non-cytotoxic, CCR6⁺ CD8⁺ T lymphocytes with low proliferative capacity. The overrepresentation of Tc17 cells in TPE may be due to Tc17 cell expansion stimulated by pleural proinflammatory cytokines and to recruitment of Tc17 cells from peripheral blood. Additionally, PMCs may promote the production of IL-17 by CD8⁺ T cells at sites of TPE via cell–cell interactions.     

基层医院开展人工晶体白内障复明手术552例分析

对552例白内障患者行白内障囊外摘除(ECCE),并植入人工晶体(IOL)分析,脱盲(视力≥4.0)占97.6﹪,脱残(视力≥4.5)占62.9﹪。无感染性眼内炎、顽固性角膜水肿、继发性青光眼、视网膜剥落、脉络膜脱离、出血、晶体核下沉、虹膜根部离断、切口渗漏、浅前房、IOL夹持、中晚期大泡性角膜炎、色素性青光眼等严重并发症发生。该法复明效果确切,费用低廉。