间硝地平对高血压心肌肥厚老龄鼠肾和肺细胞膜二氢吡啶受体的影响

间硝地平对高血压心肌肥厚老龄鼠肾和肺细胞膜二氢吡啶受体的影响徐毅，奚涛，饶曼人（南京医科大学心血管药理研究室２１００２９）间硝地平（ｍ－ｎｉｆｅｄｉｐｉｎｅ，ｍ－Ｎｉｆ）系我国研制的二氢吡啶（ＤＨＰ）类钙拮抗剂，有扩张血管、降低血压和逆转高血压心肌肥...     

前胡丙素对培养乳鼠心肌细胞自发性收缩及动作电位的影响

用倒置显微镜闭路电视系统及细胞内标准微电极法,记录培养心肌细胞的自发性收缩及动作电位,结果发现:应用Pra-C5min后,心肌细胞收缩频率及细胞边缘运动的速度同时下降。Pra-C10,30和100μmol·L^-1剂量依赖性的方式抑制心肌细胞的收缩速度,分别抑制24%,43%和50%。pra-C(10和30μmol·L^-1)显示了抑制心肌细胞收缩频率的作用,分别抑制13%和19%。Nif3μmol.L^-1分别缩短APD₅₀和APD₉₀14%及17%,但同样浓度的verapatmil则抑制APA27%,缩短APD₅₀8%,分别延长APD90及SCL10%和43%。Pra-C10,30和100μmol·L^-1缩短APD₅₀7%,14%和18%。Pra-C100μmol·L^-1有抑制APA及延长SCL的作用。结果提示,Pra-C对心肌细胞收缩及动作电位的作用可能与其阻滞Ca²⁺通道有关。     

Follow-up chest radiographs in Vietnam veterans: are they useful?

Agent Orange exposure and its long-term health consequences on Vietnam veterans have been widely discussed in the past few years. Myriad physical and mental disabilities have been studied with regard to exposure to various herbicides. The number of persons potentially exposed is large, since 2.4-2.8 million U.S. military personnel served in Vietnam. A case-control study was undertaken to determine if persons who served in the U.S. military in Vietnam have either cardiovascular or pulmonary effects that can be demonstrated on long-term follow-up chest radiographs. Information regarding military service in Vietnam was obtained from interviews and, in some cases, review of military records. Vietnam veterans did not have an increased prevalence of abnormalities on follow-up chest radiographs. A subset of Vietnam veterans who had greater estimated opportunities for Agent Orange exposure also did not appear to be at greater risk than the control population.     

椎弓崩裂症的MRI诊断

目的：分析椎弓崩裂症的MRI表现，并探讨MR诊断椎弓崩裂症的价值。方法：笔者收集40例本室自1995年8月至2000年6月MR检查诊为椎弓崩裂的病例，使用SIEMENS IMPAC1．0TMR机，采用脊柱线圈，自旋回波和快速自旋回波序列扫描，结果：显示椎弓崩裂发生于腰4、5椎体，大部分双侧受累（35例），双侧受累者较单侧受累者滑脱的发生率高，椎弓崩裂均位于椎弓峡部，表现为椎弓峡部骨皮质及髓质信号均不连贯，显示如下MR征象：断裂处呈线状；断裂处上下两端分离；断裂处下端后移，部分病例成角移位。结论：MRI检查能显示椎弓崩裂的位置及上述相关的MRI征象，在日常腰椎MRI检查中，如加留意，可及早发现。     

Chronic illness perception in adolescence: Implications for the doctor-patient relationship

To describe the inter-relationship of chronic illness severity as perceived by adolescents with both psychosocial well-being and objective measures of illness severity. Additionally to compare the adolescents' perception of illness severity with how their physicians believe that the adolescents perceive their illness severity.

Methods:

The psychological well-being of 48 adolescents with either cystic fibrosis (CF) or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was measured by four standardized questionnaires. The adolescents' perception of severity of illness was measured using an original instrument (PSCI), and this measure was compared to their physicians' estimates of how the adolescents perceived the severity of their illness and clinical illness.

Results:

There were 24 patients in both the CF and IDDM groups. Both groups were found to function well psychosocially; although, there were more patients with low self image compared to normative values. Depression and low self image were associated with a greater adolescent perception of illness severity. For both chronic illness groups, physicians' assessment of assumed adolescent perception of disease severity correlated with clinical indices of disease severity and was higher than the perception of illness severity reported by the adolescents. For adolescents with CF, but not with IDDM, perception of severity of chronic illness correlated with clinical indices.

Conclusions:

For adolescents with chronic illness, their perception of illness severity is an important indicator of psychosocial well-being. Physicians do not accurately infer their patients' perception of illness severity.     

Community study of toxoplasma antibodies in urban and rural schoolchildren aged 4 to 18 years

To estimate the prevalence of toxoplasma antibodies in schoolchildren and their association with clinical and environmental data, antibody titres were measured in 1276 children aged 4 to 18 years attending primary and secondary schools. Environmental and clinical data were obtained by questionnaire. Altogether 12.8% (163/1276) of children had antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii with no difference between the sexes. Seroprevalence was higher in country children (16.6% (50/302)) than town children (10.2% (75/737)). The proportion testing positive increased with age in both town and country children. No association with cat ownership was found. Toxoplasma seropositivity was associated with a positive toxocara titre, having had a bitch whelp in the past two years, and having an unwormed dog at home. Lack of energy or tiredness in the last 12 months were the only clinical features associated with a positive titre.     

INTRACARDIAC TUMOURS – EXPERIENCE WITH 12 CASES

Twelve cases of intracardiac tumours operated during the period 1975 to 1994 are presented. There were 8 males and 4 females in the age range of 18 years to 64 years. Tumours were located in the left atrium in 10 patients and in the right atrium in 2 patients. Standard cardiopulmonary techniques were followed. The right atrial tumours were approached through a right atrial incision while the left atrial tumours were approached through a bi-atrial trans-septal approach. One patient underwent a perineal urethrolithotomy for an impacted urethral calculus at the same sitting. Eleven of the tumour masses excised were myxomas confirmed on histopathology. The last patient, operated for synovial sarcoma of the left knee 2 years before, presented with a metastatic tumour mass in the left atrium. No deaths occurred in the series.KEY WORDS: Heart neoplasms, Heart surgery, Myxomas