米非司酮抗人子宫内膜癌裸鼠移植瘤作用的实验研究

目的：观察米非司酮抗人子官内膜癌裸鼠移植瘤的作用，为临床应用提供依据。方法：将裸鼠分为米非司酮、三苯氧胺、米非司酮＋三苯氧胺、对照４组，用药并观察移植瘤生长情况，电镜观察移植瘤，测定裸鼠血清雌二醇。结果：米非司酮抗癌作用与三苯氧胺相似，二者联合作用增强。米非司酮使癌细胞坏死，内质网及线粒体肿胀，使裸鼠血清雌二醇升高。结论：米非司酮有抗子宫内膜癌作用，与三苯氧胺联合作用增强。     

广州地区呼吸道疾病患儿16种常见变应原检测分析

目的 了解广州地区呼吸道疾病患儿对16种常见变应原的过敏情况,同时探讨不同年龄组之间的变应原阳性率差异,并比较致敏程度.方法 选择2007年8月至2008年3月广州医学院第一附属医院呼吸科门诊和儿科门诊初诊为支气管哮喘、过敏性鼻炎、呼吸道感染等患儿320例为研究对象,其中婴幼儿组(≤3岁)214例,儿童组(>3岁)106例.采用德国FOOKE ALLERG-O-LIQ-SYSTEM变应原检测系统,通过免疫捕获法检测血清中常见的16种变应原特异性免疫球蛋白E(SIgE)抗体.结果 在所有患儿中,其中261例(81.56%)SIgE呈阳性.59例(18.44%)呈阴性.16种变应原SIgE阳性率为屋尘螨(36.88%)、粉尘螨(35.31%)、热带螨(24.06%)、狗毛(6.56%)、猫毛(8.75%)、德国小蠊(16.56%)、蜜蜂毒素(0.94%)、屋尘(45.63%)、全蛋(45.94%)、牛奶(46.25%)、小麦面粉(6.88%)、玉米粉(1.25%)、花生(9.06%)、大豆(5.94%)、螃蟹(2.81%)、虾(4.38%).婴幼儿组SIgE的阳性率为81.78%,以食物性变应原(牛奶、全蛋)为主;儿童组的阳性率为81.13%,以吸人性变应原(尘螨)为主(X2=0.02,P=0.89).儿童组尘螨的过敏阳性率均高于婴幼儿组(P<0.05),且儿童组屋尘螨和粉尘螨的过敏程度多在3级以上.婴幼儿组各级阳性率比较平均.两组对热带螨的过敏程度均较低,多在3级以下.婴幼儿组牛奶和全蛋过敏阳性率高于儿童组(P<0.05),两组的过敏程度均在3级以下.结论 儿童组与婴幼儿组对常见变应原的总阳性率差异无统计学意义,只是对不同变应原阳性率及过敏程度的差异.儿童组主要是对吸人性变应原产生过敏,婴幼儿组主要是对食物性变应原产生过敏,应以不同年龄段来分析儿童变应原检测结果.     

682株鲍曼不动杆菌分布及耐药性分析 FREE

目的方法结果结论为了解鲍曼不动杆菌临床分布及其耐药情况,对某院2005-2007年间分离的鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药性进行监测分析。共分离鉴定鲍曼不动杆菌682株,其中674株分离自住院患者：重症监护室（ICU）248株,内科221株,外科205株;8株分离自门诊患者。标本来源以痰为主,共分离443株,占64.95%;其次为分泌物、脓液标本,分离91株,占13.34%。药敏结果显示,鲍曼不动杆菌对头孢他啶和头孢吡肟的耐药率较高,分别为69.17%和58.58%;对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率分别为25.85%、66.46%、3.80%和7.10%。提示鲍曼不动杆菌在ICU的分离率高,对常用抗菌药物的耐药率高,必须加强抗菌药物合理使用的管理。     

The long-term results of fistulising trabeculotomy in chronic open-angle glaucoma

Background : Fistulising trabeculotomy has been used for nearly 20 years to combine the minimally invasive surgery of trabeculotomy with production of a subconjunctival fistula.
Methods : The canal of Schlemm was unroofed 2mm on one side of a 3mm half-thickness scleral flap. A trabeculotomy probe was passed about 30° along the canal on the opposite side and rotated into the anterior chamber.
Results : Of 99 eyes of 74 patients, 35 eyes of 25 patients were available for follow-up at 10 or more years. The mean IOP was 14 ± 4 mmHg (range 7 to 23 mmHg) from a preoperative IOP of 29 ± 8 mmHg (17 to 60 mmHg). Results in 44 similar patients undergoing trabeculectomy and 44 undergoing fistulising trabeculotomy were very similar at five-year follow-up.
Conclusion : Fistulising trabeculotomy was effective for lowering intraocular pressure with a low complication rate and a large area of subconjunctival fistulisation.     

The metabolic enhancer piracetam ameliorates the impairment of mitochondrial function and neurite outgrowth induced by ?-amyloid peptide

Background and purpose:

β-Amyloid peptide (Aβ) is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer''s disease by initiating a cascade of events from mitochondrial dysfunction to neuronal death. The metabolic enhancer piracetam has been shown to improve mitochondrial dysfunction following brain aging and experimentally induced oxidative stress.

Experimental approach:

We used cell lines (PC12 and HEK cells) and murine dissociated brain cells. The protective effects of piracetam in vitro and ex vivo on Aβ-induced impairment of mitochondrial function (as mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production), on secretion of soluble Aβ and on neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells were investigated.

Key results:

Piracetam improves mitochondrial function of PC12 cells and acutely dissociated brain cells from young NMRI mice following exposure to extracellular Aβ_1-42. Similar protective effects against Aβ_1-42 were observed in dissociated brain cells from aged NMRI mice, or mice transgenic for mutant human amyloid precursor protein (APP) treated with piracetam for 14 days. Soluble Aβ load was markedly diminished in the brain of those animals after treatment with piracetam. Aβ production by HEK cells stably transfected with mutant human APP was elevated by oxidative stress and this was reduced by piracetam. Impairment of neuritogenesis is an important consequence of Aβ-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and Aβ-induced reduction of neurite growth in PC12 cells was substantially improved by piracetam.

Conclusion and implications:

Our findings strongly support the concept of improving mitochondrial function as an approach to ameliorate the detrimental effects of Aβ on brain function.This article is commented on by Moncada, pp. 217–219 of this issue. To view this commentary visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00706.x and to view related papers by Pravdic et al. and Puerta et al. visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00698.x and http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00663.x     

超声血管造影在肝癌介入治疗前后的应用价值

目的探讨超声血管造影对原发性肝癌（ＨＣＣ）在经皮肤动脉栓塞术（ＴＡＥ）治疗前后的应用价值。方法采用超声造影剂Ｌｅｖｏｖｉｓｔ经肘静脉注入的方法,检查１２例ＨＣＣ患者在ＴＡＥ治疗前后血供的变化情况。要用彩色多普勒血流显像（ＣＤＦＩ）的半定量测量方法,判定栓塞前后肿瘤血供的丰富程度,并与Ｘ线数字减影血管造影（ＤＳＡ）进行对比分析。结果超声血管造影与ＤＳＡ在探查肝癌ＴＡＥ治疗前后肿瘤血供方面无差异（Ｐ〉     

多囊卵巢综合征患者血浆内脂素水平的变化及意义

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者血浆内脂素水平的变化及意义。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附法测定50例PCOS患者和45例健康体检者血浆内脂素水平,采用化学发光法测定空腹胰岛素(FINS)和血清性激素水平,采用葡萄糖氧化酶法测定空腹血糖(FPG)水平,并分析血浆内脂素水平与体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)和血清性激素的关系。结果:①PCOS组血浆内脂素水平为(21.18±4.31)ng/ml,对照组为(12.47±3.38)ng/ml,两组相比有统计学差异(P<0.01);肥胖PCOS组血浆内脂素水平为(22.10±5.20)ng/ml,非肥胖P-COS组为(20.39±3.27)ng/ml,分别高于肥胖对照组(14.68±3.02)ng/ml及非肥胖对照组(10.71±2.53)ng/mL(P<0.01)。②相关性分析显示,PCOS组血浆内脂素水平与WHR(r=0.43,P<0.01)、HOMA-IR(r=0.55,P<0.01)呈正相关。结论:PCOS患者血浆内脂素水平升高;血浆内脂素水平与胰岛素抵抗、肥胖呈正相关。