鼻种植相关的切牙管三维重建的影像学研究

目的:明确切牙管区的解剖结构,为鼻缺失后种植体支持的赝复体修复提供依据,以明确种植钉植入部位及方向。方法:对60例正常咬合人群的上颌骨进行64排螺旋CT扫描和三维重建,观察切牙管开口的形状及周围骨质形态,并在中切牙之间的矢状位截面上测量切牙管的长度、鼻腔和口腔开口的纵径、与鼻底平面所成角度及与牙槽骨前壁的距离。结果:研究得出了切牙管口腔开口的形态、平均长度、口腔和鼻腔开口的矢状径、切牙管口腔开口和鼻腔开口距牙槽骨前壁的距离、切牙管前壁与鼻底平面的交角∠α、上前牙牙槽突与鼻底平面的交角∠β。结论:切牙管与牙槽骨前壁之间可植入直径5mm以内的种植体1枚,方向由后上方向前下方,与鼻底所成的角度介于∠α与∠β之间;双侧中切牙之间水平向可植入长度<5mm的种植体1枚。     

Existence of a pool of T-lymphocyte colony-forming cells (T-CFC) in human bone marrow and their place in the differentiation of the T- lymphocyte lineage

The existence and characteristics of bone marrow T-cell progenitors have not yet been established in man. Several pieces of evidence such as the reconstitution of certain immunodeficiencies by bone marrow graft suggest that T-cell precursors are present in the bone marrow. We report the growth of T-cell colonies from bone marrow populations using PHA-stimulated lymphocyte-conditioned medium containing T-cell growth factor (TCGF). Rosetting experiments and complement-dependent cytotoxicity assays with monoclonal antibodies indicate that the bone marrow T colony-forming cells (T-CFC) are E- OKT 3- and la+, i.e., immature progenitors. The colonies derived from these cells have the phenotype of mature T cells: E + OKT 3 + la- with either helper (OKT 4+) and suppressor (OKT 8 +) antigens. These results suggest that a thymic microenvironment may not be necessary for the in vitro proliferation and differentiation of the T-cell lineage in adult humans. These methodologies may permit direct investigation of early phenomena concerning the T-cell lineage, such as the acquisition of self-tolerance, the formation of a repertoire of specificities, and the HLA restriction phenomena that we believe takes place before the thymic maturation.     

缺血性脑卒中患者阿司匹林抵抗现象及处理策略

阿司匹林作为缺血性脑血管病的一级和二级预防用药，广受关注。然而长期服用阿司匹林的患者仍会发生动脉血栓形成事件，因此本文就阿司匹林抵抗的概念、发生机制、检测方法、预防措施及其在缺血性脑血管病中的临床意义加以综述。     

音乐疗法在围手术期护理中的应用研究

目的：探讨音乐疗法在围手术期护理中的作用。方法：选择在我院实施局麻手术患者120例，随机分为观察组和对照组，两组均进行常规护理，观察组同时在术前、术中、术后收听自己喜欢的音乐。对两组焦虑水平、术中麻醉药用量和术后疼痛程度进行比较。结果：观察组术前SAS评分和焦虑发生率均明显低于对照组（P〈0．05），而术后两组无显著性差异（P〉0．05）；观察组术中咪唑安定使用量明显少于对照组（P〈0．05），利多卡因使用量也少于对照组，但无显著性差异（P〉0．05）；观察组术后疼痛分级明显低于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论：在同手术期护理中应用音乐疗法，可以减轻患者焦虑、减少麻醉药用量，缓解疼痛，促进康复。     

Multispectral analysis of magnetic resonance images

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging systems produce spatial distribution estimates of proton density, relaxation time, and flow, in a two dimensional matrix form that is analogous to that of the image data obtained from multispectral imaging satellites. Advanced NASA satellite image processing offers sophisticated multispectral analysis of MR images. Spin echo and inversion recovery pulse sequence images were entered in a digital format compatible with satellite images and accurately registered pixel by pixel. Signatures of each tissue class were automatically determined using both supervised and unsupervised classification. Overall tissue classification was obtained in the form of a theme map. In MR images of the brain, for example, the classes included CSF, gray matter, white matter, subcutaneous fat, muscle, and bone. These methods provide an efficient means of identifying subtle relationships in a multi-image MR study.     

Cardiac biopsy in childhood

Endomyocardial biopsy was attempted in 18 children aged 5 months to 15 years with 82% success. Biopsies obtained from 15 children were examined by light and electron microscope making positive morphological diagnoses in 3 cases. The biopsy findings were actively helpful in 7 other cases, which contrasts with experience in adult biopsy series. This is a low risk procedure which does not add to the hazards of cardiac catheterization in children.     

Prolonged QT interval and cardiac arrhythmias in two neonates: sudden infant death syndrome in one case

Two neonates with arrhythmias and the long QT syndrome are described. The arrhythmias were detected in utero and both infants were apparently well after birth. The first infant, although well, had a bradycardia for the first 9 days of life. A normal heart rate was documented at 10 days but a prolonged QT interval was not appreciated on the ECG. He was discharged from hospital but died suddenly and unexpectedly 3 days later. A post-mortem examination failed to find a cause for his death which therefore fell into the category of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). A retrospective analysis of the perinatal electrocardiogram showed a probable junctional rhythm with 2:1 conduction to the ventricle; the QT interval was prolonged at 0.52 seconds (QTC = 0.63). The second infant had a QT interval of 0.52 seconds (QTC = 0.54) and frequent ventricular premature beats on a 24-hour electrocardiogram. She was treated with propranolol and remains well 2 years later. Sudden infant death has often been described in the siblings of children with the long QT syndrome and one other report described a case of SIDS which was said to have had a prolonged QT interval on the perinatal ECG. This report, however, provides unquestionable evidence, in one case, of an association between the long QT syndrome and SIDS.