全文获取类型
收费全文 | 53435篇 |
免费 | 3373篇 |
国内免费 | 268篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 596篇 |
儿科学 | 1338篇 |
妇产科学 | 1175篇 |
基础医学 | 7544篇 |
口腔科学 | 4485篇 |
临床医学 | 4141篇 |
内科学 | 11254篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1173篇 |
神经病学 | 4266篇 |
特种医学 | 1334篇 |
外国民族医学 | 2篇 |
外科学 | 6546篇 |
综合类 | 510篇 |
一般理论 | 11篇 |
预防医学 | 5557篇 |
眼科学 | 698篇 |
药学 | 3560篇 |
中国医学 | 428篇 |
肿瘤学 | 2458篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 422篇 |
2022年 | 1103篇 |
2021年 | 1917篇 |
2020年 | 1287篇 |
2019年 | 1657篇 |
2018年 | 1943篇 |
2017年 | 1412篇 |
2016年 | 1487篇 |
2015年 | 1799篇 |
2014年 | 2431篇 |
2013年 | 2848篇 |
2012年 | 4263篇 |
2011年 | 4579篇 |
2010年 | 2402篇 |
2009年 | 1920篇 |
2008年 | 3194篇 |
2007年 | 3154篇 |
2006年 | 2767篇 |
2005年 | 2436篇 |
2004年 | 2214篇 |
2003年 | 1937篇 |
2002年 | 1685篇 |
2001年 | 932篇 |
2000年 | 939篇 |
1999年 | 781篇 |
1998年 | 343篇 |
1997年 | 248篇 |
1996年 | 223篇 |
1995年 | 206篇 |
1994年 | 200篇 |
1993年 | 170篇 |
1992年 | 361篇 |
1991年 | 335篇 |
1990年 | 321篇 |
1989年 | 302篇 |
1988年 | 272篇 |
1987年 | 215篇 |
1986年 | 205篇 |
1985年 | 192篇 |
1984年 | 164篇 |
1983年 | 124篇 |
1979年 | 130篇 |
1978年 | 106篇 |
1975年 | 93篇 |
1974年 | 99篇 |
1973年 | 113篇 |
1970年 | 102篇 |
1969年 | 101篇 |
1968年 | 86篇 |
1967年 | 95篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Ronald J. Hogg Fred G. Silva Philip L. Berry James E. Wenz 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1993,7(1):27-31
We report clinical and pathological data in 56 adolescents presenting with gross hematuria (GH) and 65 presenting with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). IgA nephropathy (present in 52%) and other mesangial lesions were found in the majority of the 56 patients with GH. Many of these patients had complex urological procedures prior to consideration of a nephrological problem. This often led to significant delays in making the appropriate diagnosis. Pathological lesions in the 65 patients with INS included minimal change NS (MCNS) in 31%, membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in 18.5% each, and membranoproliferative GN (MPGN) in 12%. In 47 of the patients with INS, in whom no specific treatment had been given prior to renal biopsy, MCNS and MGN were observed with a similar frequency (26% and 23%, respectively), with FSGS and MPGN being found in 21% and 11%. These results indicate that the pathological lesions in adolescents with INS who undergo a renal biopsy more closely resemble those in adults, and are usually more severe than those in young children. However, it should be noted that our study was retrospective. Hence, there were probably some adolescents with INS who had a successful response to therapy and therefore did not have a renal biopsy performed.
Southwest Pediatric Nephrology Study Group (Central Office, Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas, Tex., USA). Director, Ronald J. Hogg; Associate Directors, Fred G. Silva and F. Bruder Stapleton; Statistician, Joan S. Reisch; Administrative Assistant, Kaye Green. Participating Centers—Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.: Phillip L. Berry, L. Leighton Hill, Sami A, Sanjad, Edith Hawkins; Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Tex.: Ronald J. Hogg, Kaye Green; Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, La.: Frank Boineau, John E. Lewy, Radhakrishna Baliga, Patrick Walker; University of Arkansas, Little Rock, Ark.: Watson Arnold, Eileen Ellis, Edward Uthman; University of Colorado Health Science Center, Denver, Colo.: Gary M. Lum, Wiliam Hammond; University of Oklahoma Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Okla.: James Wenzl, James Matson, Geoffrey Altshuler, Sarah Johnson; University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tenn.: F. Bruder Stapleton, Shane Roy, III, Robert J. Wyatt, Charles McKay, William Murphy; University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas, Tex.: Billy S. Arant Jr, Michel Baum, Fred G. Silva, Arthur Weinberg, Craig Argyle, Joseph Rutledge, Ed Eigenbrodt; University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Tex.: Susan B. Conley, Jacques Lemine, Ron Portman, Ann Ince, Regina Verani; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Tex.: Michael Foulds, Sudesh Makker, Kanwal Kher, Melanie Sweet, Victor Saldivar, Fermin Tio; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex.: Ben H. Brouhard, Alok Kalia, Luther B. Travis, Lisa Hollander, Tito Cavallo, Srinivasan Rajaraman; University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City; Utah: Eileen Brewer, Richard Siegler, Elizabeth Hammond, Theodore Pysher.
Note that this list reflects the investigators' addresses and positions during the period of this study and not necessarily their current situations. 相似文献
92.
Diagnosis of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes in a Chinese family by PCR/restriction enzyme analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
C W Lam K Jain K Y Chan D K Silva Y W Chan L J C Wong 《Journal of clinical pathology》1995,48(5):M285-M288
The clinical presentation and the biochemical and molecular genetic findings are described in a 13 year old Chinese boy with MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes). The diagnosis was initially suspected because of the characteristic clinical features and the strong family history of convulsions. Using polymerase chain reaction—restriction enzyme analysis, the heteroplasmic nt3243 A→G mutation in mtDNA of peripheral blood leucocytes and a muscle sample was demonstrated. The oligosymptomatic relatives were then screened by this method and the degree of heteroplasmy was analysed. This appears to be the first report of a MELAS family in Hong Kong with this described mutation. Molecular genetic techniques are advantageous in the diagnosis of MELAS. 相似文献
93.
Razeq Shetab Stuart H. Cohen Thomas Prindiville Yajarayma J. Tang Mary Cantrell Darush Rahmani Joseph Silva Jr. 《Journal of clinical microbiology》1998,36(6):1729-1732
Bacteroides fragilis constitutes about 1% of the bacterial flora in intestines of normal humans. Enterotoxigenic strains of B. fragilis have been associated with diarrheal diseases in humans and animals. The enterotoxin produced by these isolates induces fluid changes in ligated intestinal loops and an in vitro cytotoxic response in HT-29 cells. We developed a nested PCR to detect the enterotoxin gene of B. fragilis in stool specimens. After DNA extraction, a 367-bp fragment was amplified with two outer primers. The amplicon from this reaction was subjected to a second round of amplification with a set of internal primers. With these inner primers, a 290-bp DNA fragment was obtained which was confirmed as part of the B. fragilis enterotoxin gene by Southern blotting with a nonradioactive internal probe and a chemiluminescence system. By this approach, B. fragilis enterotoxin gene sequences were detected in eight known enterotoxigenic human isolates and nine enterotoxigenic horse isolates. No amplification products were obtained from DNA extracted from 28 nonenterotoxigenic B. fragilis isolates or B. distasonis, B. thetaiotaomicron, B. uniformis, B. ovatus, Escherichia coli, or Clostridium difficile. The sensitivity of this assay allowed us to detect as little as 1 pg of enterotoxin DNA sequences or 100 to 1,000 cells of enterotoxigenic B. fragilis/g of stool. Enterotoxin production of all isolates was confirmed in vitro in HT-29 cells. A 100% correlation was obtained between enterotoxin detection by cytotoxin assay and the nested PCR assay. This rapid and sensitive assay can be used to identify enterotoxigenic B. fragilis and may be used clinically to determine the role of B. fragilis in diarrheal diseases. 相似文献
94.
95.
Alexandra A. Zaia Ricardo Delia Coletta Oslei P. Almeida Sergio R. P. Line 《European journal of oral sciences》1996,104(5-6):627-629
Atrophy of salivary glands may occur by ductal obstruction caused by calculus, infection or neoplastic processes, or as consequence of systemic diseases and aging. In the present work, we have used histochemical methods to study the expression of elastic and collagen fibers during experimental atrophy of the submandibular gland of mice. Glandular atrophy was accompanied by a rapid increase in collagen deposition in both septal and intralobular regions. The expression of elastic fibers was not significantly altered during atrophy; a discrete increase of elastic fibers was noted only around ductal structures. The results showed that experimental ductal obstruction is a useful in vivo model to study molecular events that take part in the remodeling of the extracellular matrix during atrophy of salivary glands. 相似文献
96.
97.
C. M. A. Pennartz R. F. Ameerun H. J. Groenewegen F. H. Lopes da Silva 《The European journal of neuroscience》1993,5(2):107-117
Extra- and intracellular recordings in slices were used to examine what types of synaptic plasticity can be found in the core of the nucleus accumbens, and how these forms of plasticity may be modulated by dopamine. Stimulus electrodes were placed at the rostral border of the nucleus accumbens in order to excite primarily infralimbic and prelimbic afferents, as was confirmed by injections of the retrograde tracer fluoro-gold. In extracellular recordings, tetanization induced long-term potentiation (LTP) of the population spike in 20 out of 53 slices. The presynaptic compound action potential did not change following LTP induction. For the intracellularly recorded excitatory postsynaptic potential, three types of synaptic plasticity were noted: long-term potentiation (16 out of 54 cells), decremental potentiation (eight cells) and long-term depression (LTD; six cells). No correlation was found between the occurrence of potentiation or depression and various parameters of the tetanic depolarization (e.g. peak voltage, integral under the curve). The N -methyl- d -aspartate receptor antagonist d (–)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (50 μM; d -AP5) reduced, but did not completely prevent, the induction of LTP. The incidence of LTD was not markedly affected by d -AP5. No difference in LTP was found when comparing slices bathed in dopamine (10 μM) and controls. Likewise, slices treated with a mixture of the D1 receptor antagonist Sch 23390 (1 μM) and the D2 antagonist S (–)-sulpiride (1 μM) generated a similar amount of LTP as controls. In conclusion, both LTP and LTD can be induced in a key structure of the limbic-innervated basal ganglia. LTP in the nucleus accumbens strongly depends on N -methyl- d -aspartate receptor activity, but is not significantly affected by dopamine. 相似文献
98.
Mariana Diniz Bisi Santos Arthur Braga Pfeifer Marcos Rogério Pupo Silva Claudio Luiz Sendyk WIlson Roberto Sendyk 《Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB》2007,15(2):148-151
One of the causes of implant failures in cemented implant-retained prostheses is the fracture of abutment screw or UCLA abutment. This article reports a case of simultaneous fracture of two UCLA abutments screws occurring in an implant-supported prosthesis placed in the mandibular molar region. The fractured structures were examined under scanning electron microscopy to investigate the probable causes of the failure, which were not related to failures on materials or fabrication of the screws, but rather were due to shear forces. The misfit in cemented prostheses may be the most likely cause of shear force generation. 相似文献
99.
100.
M Salim-Hanna A M Edwards E Silva 《International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift für Vitamin- und Ern?hrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition》1987,57(2):155-159
Studies in animals have suggested that the products of the irradiation of tryptophan in the presence of riboflavin may play a role in the development of hepatic dysfunction during parenteral nutrition. In this paper we describe the formation of an adduct between tryptophan and riboflavin obtained as a consequence of an anaerobic irradiation of these compounds. Through the use of molecular sieves and of an ion-exchange resin it was possible to separate the photo-adduct from the dimer riboflavin and other reaction products. The various fractions were characterized on the basis of their absorption and emission spectra. Also used were measures of anisotropy of fluorescence emission in order to characterize the derived adduct. 相似文献