注射用丹参多酚酸联合甲磺酸倍他司汀片治疗后循环缺血性眩晕的疗效

目的 观察注射用丹参多酚酸联合甲磺酸倍他司汀片治疗后循环缺血性眩晕病人的临床疗效。方法 将96例患者随机分为2组,各48例,对照组采取常规治疗,口服甲磺酸倍他司汀片,6 mg/次,3次/d,观察组加用注射用丹参多酚酸治疗,0.13 g加入到0.9%氯化钠注射液250 mL中静滴,1次/d,14 d后比较两组椎基底动脉供血和血流变指标、临床疗效和不良反应。结果 观察组治疗后椎基底动脉血流速度（收缩期峰流速、舒张期末流速、平均流速）和血流变学指标（全血比黏度、血浆比黏度、纤维蛋白原）改善情况明显优于治疗前,且治疗后观察组优于对照组的,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组痊愈率和总有效率均明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）,且两组均无不良反应发生。结论 注射用丹参多酚酸联合甲磺酸倍他司汀片治疗椎后循环缺血性眩晕具良好的疗效,值得临床推广应用。     

潘妥拉唑及奥美拉唑对健康人胃内pH的影响

探讨潘妥拉唑及奥美拉唑对健康人２４ｈ胃内ＰＨ的影响。方法：２８例健康志愿者随机分为３组,其中ＰＡＮ组１０例,ＯＭＥ组８例,分别静脉滴注ＰＡＮ８０ｍｇ,ＯＭＥ８０ｍｇ,１次／ｄ,连续２ｄ,第２天给药后进行胃内ＰＨ２４ｈ监测;对照组１０例,直接进行胃内ＰＨ２４ｈ监测。结果：ＰＡＮ及ＯＭＥ均能明显提高２４ｈ胃内ＰＨ平均值,ＰＨ〉４总时间百分比及２４ｈ胃内ＰＨ变化,工线下面积（Ｐ〈０．０１）;用药后２４ｈ     

Radioiodinated progesterone derivative for progesterone receptor targeting with enhanced nucleus uptake via phenylboronic acid conjugation

A novel ¹³¹I‐radiolabeled probe with aromatic boronate motif (¹³¹I‐EIPBA) was designed to target progesterone receptor (PR)–positive breast cancer with enhanced nucleus uptake. Acetylene progesterone was conjugated with pegylated phenylboronic acid via click reaction and radiolabeled with ¹³¹I to afford ¹³¹I‐EIPBA. Meanwhile, ¹³¹I‐EIPB without boronate was prepared as control agent. After determination of the lipophilicity and stability of these tracers, in vitro cell uptake studies and in vivo biodistribution in rats were performed to verify the enhanced nucleus uptake and PR targeting ability of ¹³¹I‐EIPBA. ¹³¹I‐EIPBA was obtained with moderate radiochemical yield (40.35 ± 3.52%) and high radiochemical purity (>98%). As expected, the high binding affinity (39.58 nM) of ¹³¹I‐EIPBA for PR was determined by cell binding assay. The internalization ratio of ¹³¹I‐EIPBA was remarkably higher than that of ¹³¹I‐EIPB in PR‐positive MCF‐7 cells. Furthermore, the enhanced nucleus uptake of ¹³¹I‐EIPBA (0.59 ± 0.02%) was found to be significantly higher than that of ¹³¹I‐EIPB (0.13 ± 0.01%) in MCF‐7 cells. A novel ¹³¹I‐EIPBA compound was developed for PR targeting with improved cellular nucleus uptake. Furthermore, the introduction of aromatic boronate motif provides a worthwhile strategy for enhancing the nuclear receptor targeting of tracers.     

少数民族地区艾滋病病毒感染者艾滋病相关知识及危险性行为调查

目的了解少数民族地区艾滋病病毒(HI V)感染者艾滋病相关知识和危险性行为状况。方法对云南省德宏州某县2006年1月-2008年6月检测出的HI V感染者进行问卷调查,调查内容主要为一般人口学特征、艾滋病相关知识和危险性行为状况等。结果366名调查对象中汉族占45.9%,少数民族占54.1%,其中傣族占50.5%,景颇族占43.9%。汉族、傣族和景颇族的HI V感染者艾滋病知识总体知晓率分别为66.7%、45.0%和54.0%(χ2=12.59,P0.05),且文化程度越高,艾滋病知识知晓率越高(趋势χ2=17.64,P0.001)。汉族、傣族和景颇族HI V感染者中过去6个月与固定性伴发生性行为时能够坚持使用安全套的比例分别为9.7%、1.2%和1.5%;差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.10,P0.05)。20人自报过去6个月内有1个以上的非固定性伴,其中12人与非固定性伴发生性行为时未能坚持使用安全套。结论调查对象艾滋病相关知识的知晓水平有待提高,危险性行为的发生仍然存在,应制定适合少数民族HI V感染者的艾滋病防治策略,提高感染者对艾滋病的认知态度,降低危险性行为,预防艾滋病传播。     

Docosahexaenoic acid decreases plasma homocysteine via regulating enzyme activity and mRNA expression involved in methionine metabolism

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the regulatory effect of fish oil rich in ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on critical enzyme activity and mRNA expression involved in homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism.MethodsThirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 3 wk, weighing 120 ± 10 g, were randomly divided into three groups: the olive oil (OO) group, the tuna oil (TO) group, and the salmon oil (SO) group. The oil was orally administered every day using a stomach tube. Eight weeks later, plasma Hcy, phospholipids, ω-3 PUFAs, enzyme activity, and mRNA expression in tissues were determined.ResultsCompared with the control group, phospholipids, total ω-3 PUFAs, and ω-3/ω-6 PUFAs in the liver and lung were significantly elevated in the TO and SO groups; 22:6ω-3 in the liver and lung was significantly increased in the TO group; and 20:5ω-3 in the two tissues was significantly elevated in the SO group. The level of plasma Hcy was significantly decreased with TO; methionine adenosyl transferase (MAT) activity was significantly increased and MAT mRNA expression was significantly upregulated with TO; cystathionine-γ-lyase mRNA expression in TO was significantly upregulated; however, cystathionine β-synthase and S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolases were not significantly changed when compared with control.ConclusionTO rich in 22:6ω-3 decreases the concentration of Hcy despite increasing MAT activity and upregulating MAT mRNA expression through compensatory cystathionine-γ-lyase mRNA expression, both of which are involved in Hcy metabolism.     

升麻中新三萜皂苷类成分研究

目的:开发利用升麻Cimicifuga foetida资源,从中寻找新的天然活性成分。方法:利用各种色谱技术进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和各种波谱技术辅以化学方法进行结构鉴定。结果:从升麻根茎80％的乙醇浸膏的EtOAc提取部分中分得4个升麻三萜皂苷类成分,分别鉴定为:7,8-二脱氢-27-脱氧升麻亭(7,8-didehydro-27-de-oxyactein,1),24-氧-乙酰升麻醇-3-O-β-D-木糖苷(23R,24R)[24-O-acetylshengmanol-3-O-β-D-xyl(23R,24R),2],升麻醇(cimigenol,3),升麻醇-3-O-β-D-木糖苷(cimigenol-3-O-β-D-xyl,4)。结论:化合物1为新化合物,2-4为首次从该植物中分得的化合物。体外抗骨质疏松药理活性筛选(以SRB法检测)结果表明,化合物1,2和4在浓度为10-9kg·L^-1时,对大鼠成骨肉瘤细胞株(URM106)有明显的增殖作用。     

益气养阴解毒方联合环磷腺苷葡胺注射液治疗病毒性心肌炎35例

目的:探讨益气养阴解毒方联合环磷腺苷葡胺注射液对病毒性心肌炎患者心功能及外周血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、转化生长因子-β1(transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1)和干扰素-γ(interferon-γ,IFN-γ)水平的影响。方法:将70例病毒性心肌炎患者按照随机数字法分为对照组和观察组,每组各35例。两组患者均给予常规治疗,对照组在常规治疗的基础上给予环磷腺苷葡胺注射液静脉滴注,观察组在对照组的基础上联合益气养阴解毒方治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效及治疗前后左室短轴缩短分数(left ventricular shortening fraction,LVFS)、左心室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、心脏指数(cardiac index,CI)、TNF-α、TGF-β1和IFN-γ水平。结果:观察组有效率为88.57%,对照组有效率为68.57%,两组患者有效率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后LVEF、LVFS高于本组治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后TGF-β1、TNF-α水平低于治疗前比较,IFN-γ高于治疗前,且观察组TGF-β1、TNF-α低于对照组,IFN-γ高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:益气养阴解毒方联合环磷腺苷葡胺注射液治疗病毒性心肌炎疗效更显著,可减轻机体的炎症反应,恢复患者心功能。     

苦豆子多糖对小鼠体内外免疫功能的调节作用

目的 考察苦豆子多糖对小鼠免疫功能的体内外调节作用。方法 MTT 法体外观察苦豆子多糖在不同浓度对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖的影响;腹腔注射环磷酰胺建立免疫低下小鼠模型,通过碳粒廓清和血清溶血素实验测定非特异性免疫功能和体液免疫功能,测定小鼠巨噬细胞的碳粒廓清指数 K 、吞噬指数 α和小鼠血清中溶血素的含量。结果 不同浓度苦豆子多糖可不同程度地促进小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖;苦豆子多糖能在一定程度上提高小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的廓清能力、吞噬速度及血清中溶血素的含量,提高小鼠机体免疫能力。结论 苦豆子多糖能够通过多种免疫途径增强小鼠免疫功能。     

Effect of Individual Omega-3 Fatty Acids on the Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

Epidemiological studies have suggested inconsistent associations between omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and prostate cancer (PCa) risk. We performed a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective observational studies investigating both dietary intake and circulating n-3 PUFAs and PCa risk. PubMed and EMBASE prior to February 2014 were searched, and 16 publications were eligible. Blood concentration of docosahexaenoic acid, but not alpha-linolenic acid or eicosapentaenoic acid, showed marginal positive association with PCa risk (relative risk for 1% increase in blood docosahexaenoic acid concentration: 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.00–1.05; I² = 26%; P = 0.05 for linear trend), while dietary docosahexaenoic acid intake showed a non-linear positive association with PCa risk (P < 0.01). Dietary alpha-linolenic acid was inversely associated with PCa risk (relative risk for 0.5 g/day increase in alpha-linolenic acid intake: 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.98–1.00; I² = 0%; P = 0.04 for linear trend), which was dominated by a single study. Subgroup analyses indicated that blood eicosapentaenoic acid concentration and blood docosahexaenoic acid concentration were positively associated with aggressive PCa risk and nonaggressive PCa risk, respectively. Among studies with nested case-control study designs, a 0.2% increase in blood docosapentaenoic acid concentration was associated with a 3% reduced risk of PCa (relative risk 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.94–1.00; I² = 44%; P = 0.05 for linear trend). In conclusion, different individual n-3 PUFA exposures may exhibit different or even opposite associations with PCa risk, and more prospective studies, especially those examining dietary n-3 PUFAs and PCa risk stratified by severity of cancer, are needed to confirm the results.Key words: prostate cancer, omega-3 fatty acid, meta-analysis, prospective cohort