苯扎氯铵改性粘接剂对牙本质-树脂远期粘接强度的影响研究

目的:评估苯扎氯铵(benzalkonium chloride,BAC)改性粘接剂对牙本质-树脂远期粘接强度的影响。方法:将BAC加入到美国3M第八代全酸蚀树脂粘接剂(single bond universal,SBU)中,制成不同浓度的改性粘接剂。将保存于百里香酚溶液中的100颗第三磨牙随机分为10组(n=10),A、A1组:0.25%BAC;B、B1组:0.5%BAC;C、C1组:1%BAC;D、D1:2%BAC;E、E1:对照组。A、B、C、D、E组试件进行剪切强度实验(SBS)并统计断裂模式。A1、B1、C1、D1、E1组试件进行微拉伸实验(μTBS)并统计断裂模式。结果:在剪切强度和微拉伸强度实验中,处理组的强度表现均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),其结果具有统计学意义。D组与C组结果具有统计学差异(P=0.01).D1组与B1组、C1组比较具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。断裂模式均以混合断裂为主,其次是粘接面断裂,内聚断裂最少。结论:全酸蚀粘接模式下,在树脂粘接剂中添加苯扎氯铵并不能改善牙本质与树脂的远期粘接强度,这可能是由于粘接剂的理化性能受损导致。     

Bmi1 expression in oral lichen planus and the risk of progression to oral squamous cell carcinoma

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a potentially malignant disorder associated with an increased risk of progression to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The objective of this study was to determine protein expression of cancer stem cell factor Bmi1 in a longitudinal series of patients with OLP and evaluate the correlation between Bmi1 expression and the risk of progression to OSCC. In a retrospective study, Bmi1 expression was determined using immunohistochemistry in samples from 96 patients with OLP who received a mean follow-up of 54 months, including patients who did not progress to OSCC (n = 87) and patients who had progressed to OSCC (n = 9). Analysis of 10 cases of normal oral mucosa and 6 cases of postmalignant OSCC form previously diagnosed OLP was also performed. The results showed that Bmi1 expression was observed in 32 (36.8%) of 87 cases of nonprogressing OLP and in 8 (88.9%) of 9 cases of progressing OLP. Bmi1 was not expressed in normal oral mucosa, but it was positively expressed in the 6 (100%) cases of OSCC. Multivariate analysis revealed that the risk of malignant progression in the patients with Bmi1-positive expression was significantly higher than those with Bmi1 negativity (odds ratio, 20.75; 95% confidence interval, 2.21-194.57; P = .008). Collectively, Bmi1 expression was significantly associated with malignant transformation in a large series of patients with OLP who received a longitudinal observation. Our findings suggested that Bmi1 may serve as a useful marker for the identification of a high risk of malignant progression of OLP.     

Neuroprotective constituents from the aerial parts of Cannabis sativa L. subsp. sativa

Five new compounds including three new cannabinoids, cannabisativas A–C (1–3), two new phenolic acids, (7Z,9Z)-cannabiphenolic acid A (4) and (8S,9Z)-cannabiphenolic acid B (5), together with twelve known compounds (6–17), were isolated from the aerial parts of Cannabis sativa L. subsp. sativa. The structures of 1–5 were established on the basis of extensive 1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS analysis. The absolute configurations were determined by comparison between their experimental and calculated spectra of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) or the modified Mosher''s method. The neuroprotective effects of the compounds 1–17 were evaluated on PC 12 cells. Compounds 12, 13 and 15 showed potential protective effects against H₂O₂-induced damage.

5 new compounds including 3 new cannabinoids, cannabisativas A–C, 2 new phenolic acids, (7Z,9Z)-cannabiphenolic acid A and (8S,9Z)-cannabiphenolic acid B, together with 12 known compounds, were isolated from the aerial parts of Cannabis sativa L. subsp. sativa.     

造口袋局部剪裁技巧联合防漏贴环在肠造口旁瘘门诊患儿的应用效果

目的探讨造口袋剪裁技巧联合防漏贴环在肠造口术后并发造口旁瘘伴刺激性皮炎门诊患儿的应用效果。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2017年5月—2019年11月于深圳市儿童医院造口专科护理门诊就诊的肠造口术后并发造口旁瘘伴刺激性皮炎的家庭护理困难患儿21例为研究对象,使用造口袋剪裁技巧(旁瘘处局部微扩增宽1~2 mm剪裁)联合防漏贴环方法进行干预,比较干预前后肠造口周围皮肤状况评分(DET)、造口袋更换间隔时间、主要照护者SAS得分。结果21例患儿首次就诊时DET评分为(8.29±1.15)分,干预1周后复诊时DET评分为(5.14±1.80)分,差异有统计学意义(t=11.65,P<0.01)。干预前造口袋更换间隔时间为(0.45±0.10)d,干预后更换间隔时间为(1.06±0.29)d,差异有统计学意义(t=-10.67,P<0.01)。首次就诊时21例患儿的主要照护者SAS评分为(66.05±5.29)分,干预1周后SAS评分(49.10±3.35)分,差异有统计学意义(t=21.59,P<0.01)。结论肠造口术后并发造口旁瘘伴刺激性皮炎的家庭护理困难患儿使用造口袋局部剪裁技巧联合防漏贴环可缩小刺激性皮炎的范围,减轻刺激性皮炎的严重程度,延长造口袋更换间隔时间,有效改善主要照护者的焦虑症状。     

Vascular morphology and blood flow signatures for differential artery-vein analysis in optical coherence tomography of the retina

Differential artery-vein (AV) analysis is essential for retinal study, disease detection, and treatment assessment. This study is to characterize vascular reflectance profiles and blood flow patterns of retinal artery and vein systems in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA), and establish them as robust signatures for objective AV classification. A custom designed OCT was employed for three-dimensional (3D) imaging of mouse retina, and corresponding OCTA was reconstructed. Radially resliced OCT B-scans revealed two, i.e. top and bottom, hyperreflective wall boundaries in retinal arteries, while these wall boundaries were absent in OCT of retinal veins. Additional OCTA analysis consistently displayed a layered speckle distribution in the vein, which may indicate the venous laminar flow. These OCT and OCTA differences offer unique signatures for objective AV classification in OCT and OCTA.     

Functional photoacoustic/ultrasound imaging for the assessment of breast intraductal lesions: preliminary clinical findings

This study aimed to identify features of breast intraductal lesions in photoacoustic/ultrasound (PA/US) imaging and compare PA/US with color Doppler flow/ultrasound (CDFI/US) in the evaluation of breast intraductal lesions. In the nine patients with 10 breast intraductal lesions and 8 patients with 8 benign lesions, total vessel scores evaluated from PA/US are significantly greater than those from CDFI/US (p=0.005). PA internal vessel scores and oxygen saturation (SO₂) score are significantly increased in breast intraductal lesions than in benign lesions (p=0.016, p=0.006). With a cutoff PA score (sum of PA internal vessel score and SO₂ score) of 2.5, we obtained a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 87.5% in differentiation of two groups. PA/US upgraded 40% of breast intraductal lesions, and downgraded 50% of benign lesions from the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System grading results based on CDFI/US. PA/US functional imaging has the potential in differentiating breast intraductal lesions.     

瑞马唑仑临床应用的研究进展

瑞马唑仑是一种新型的超短效苯二氮?类药,它具有像瑞芬太尼一样器官独立的新陈代谢作用,并能像咪达唑仑一样作用于γ氨基丁酸（GABA）受体。其起效快,恢复迅速,对肝肾功能及血流动力学影响较轻,且能够被氟马西尼快速逆转,这些药理作用使瑞马唑仑在理论上成为较理想的镇静药物。本文主要就瑞马唑仑的作用机制、药代动力学、对器官功能的影响、临床应用研究进展进行综述,为其临床应用提供理论依据。     

ETCO2 waveforms-assisted awake nasal fibreoptic intubation

Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing - Awake fibreoptic intubation has always been considered the gold standard for expected difficult airway management. However, the use of fibreoptic...     

血小板计数/脾面积及血小板计数/脾长径比值诊断乙肝肝硬化患者食管静脉曲张的价值

目的 探索血小板计数/脾面积(PC/SA)及血小板计数/脾长径(PC/SD)比值诊断乙肝肝硬化患者食管静脉曲张(EV)的价值。方法 连续纳入2019年4月至2020年2月北京地坛医院诊治的172例乙肝肝硬化患者,均经胃镜、血常规及腹部超声检查,采集血小板计数(PC)、脾长径、脾厚径等数据,计算PC/SA、PC/SD,根据胃镜分为EV组及无EV组,应用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价PC/SA、PC/SD诊断EV的价值,并比较两者的诊断准确性。结果 EV组患者121例,无EV组51例,EV组脾长径、脾厚径显著大于无EV组(P <0.001),EV组PC、PC/SA、PC/SD显著小于无EV组(P<0.001)。PC/SA诊断EV的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.846(95%CI:0.784～0.897),取最优截断值10.29时,敏感性(Se)、特异性(Sp)、阳性预测值(PPV)及阴性预测值(NPV)分别为79.4%、76.5%、88.9%、60.9%,P<0.001;PC/SD的AUC为0.816(95%CI:0.750～0.871),取最优截断值629.65时,Se、Sp、PPV、NPV分别为87.6%、64.7%、85.5%、68.7%,P<0.001。PC/SA诊断准确性优于PC/SD(Z=2.954,P=0.003)。结论 无创模型PC/SA、PC/SD可用于筛查乙肝肝硬化患者EV,PC/SA具有更高的准确性,值得临床关注、推广应用。     

综合医院门诊2型糖尿病患者骨质疏松风险及认知的现况调查

目的 调查门诊2型糖尿病患者是否存在骨质疏松风险,对骨质疏松症的认知水平及其影响因素。方法 以便利抽样的方法,采用骨质疏松症风险1 min测试题、FRAX骨折风险测评系统和自行设计的骨质疏松疾病认知水平问卷对2018年4月—2019年1月就诊于上海仁济医院的102例门诊2型糖尿病患者的骨质疏松风险及认知现况进行调查与分析。结果 102例2型糖尿病患者中,60例存在骨质疏松风险（58.8%）。未来10年,发生主要骨质疏松性骨折的概率和髋部骨折的概率男性和女性之间存在统计学差异[（3.99±1.80）% vs（8.94±6.30）%,P=0.000;（1.67±1.33）%vs（4.09±4.90）%,P=0.001];年龄≥60岁患者和＜60岁患者之间也有统计学意义[（7.57±5.75）% vs（3.68±2.00）%,P=0.000;（3.70±4.19）% vs（0.63±0.39）%,P=0.000]。受试者的骨质疏松认知得分为2~22分,平均（14.34±4.37）分,文化程度和有无骨质疏松家族史对其认知有影响,差异有统计学意义（P=0.000,P=0.013）。结论 半数以上2型糖尿病患者存在骨质疏松风险;未来10年发生骨折概率女性高于男性,老年人高于中年人;患者对骨质疏松相关知识掌握中等偏上,但对糖尿病合并骨质疏松的专科知识掌握不足。根据调查所得问题,采取针对性健康教育很有必要。