锁骨下血管合并臂丛损伤的处理

目的 探讨锁骨下动脉合并臂丛神经损伤的诊断和处理。方法 5例锁骨下动脉损伤合并臂丛损伤，其中锁骨下动脉第一段损伤1例，第三段损伤4例；2例合并动脉瘤，1例动脉瘤加动静脉瘘．2例血管纤维化自行闭塞。根据锁骨下动脉损伤性质，分别采用静脉移植、直接缝合、血管结扎处理，损伤臂丛神经采取直接缝合、神经松解。结果 3例开放性损伤患者早期手术修复动脉和神经，术后伤肢无疼痛，神经功能有不同程度恢复；2例闭合钝器伤晚期患者，1例行血管、神经松解术，仅疼痛减轻，1例血管臂丛神经广泛粘连，神经松解术后无任何恢复。结论 除原发性损伤外，进行性增大的血肿或假性动脉瘤压迫可加重臂丛神经损害．如能早期处理血肿或动脉瘤，解除压迫，可减轻神经损害，有利于臂丛神经功能恢复。     

门奇联合断流术对门脉高压血液动力学的影响

目的 了解门奇联合断流术对门脉高压症(PHT)患者血液动力学的影响。方法 门脉高压症患者16例，于门奇联合断流术中测定开腹、脾动脉结扎、脾切除、贲门周围血管离断及食管下段横断后自由门静脉压(FPP)、中心静脉压(CVP)、心输出量(CO)、心率(HR)及平均动脉压(MAP)。结果 脾动脉结扎、脾切除、贲门周围血管离断及食管下段横断后FPP显著下降(P＜0．01)，而CVP、CO、HR、MAP无明显变化(P＞0．05)。结论 门奇联合断流术能显著降低自由门静脉压，对体循环血液动力学无明显影响。     

冷温血停搏液联合灌注对瓣膜置换术中炎性细胞因子和自由基的影响

目的　评价冷温血停搏液联合灌注在瓣膜置换术中对血浆促炎性细胞因子和自由基代谢水平的影响 ,探讨更有效的心肌保护方法。方法　将 30例瓣膜病病人随机分为两组 :温血组 (A组 ,n =15 ) ,采用温血诱导心脏停搏、冷血维持与终末温血灌注心肌保护方法 ;冷血组 (B组 ,n =15 ) ,采用冷氧合血停搏液进行心肌保护。分别于心肺转流 (CPB)前 (T1)、CPB 30min(T2 )、CPB结束后30min(T3 )、4h(T4)、2 4h(T5)测定血浆白细胞介素 6 (IL 6 )、IL 8和MDA浓度及SOD活性。结果B组IL 6于T2 即升高 ,持续至T5;A组无明显变化 ,于T3 明显低于B组 (P <0 0 5 )。B组IL 8于T2升高 (P <0 0 1) ,至T3 达峰值 (P <0 0 1) ,于T5下降至基础值水平 ;A组在T3 ～T4较基础值明显升高 (P <0 0 5 ) ,于T2 ～T4均显著低于B组 (P <0 0 5 )。两组MDA均在T2 升高 ,持续至T4,但A组于T3 、T4显著低于B组 (P <0 0 5 )。B组SOD活性自T2 开始降低 ,持续至T4(P <0 0 1) ;A组无明显变化 ,且在T3 与B组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　冷温血停搏液联合灌注对瓣膜病病人的心肌再灌注损伤的抑制效应优于冷血心脏停搏液。     

Clinical significance of leukocyte infiltrative response in deep wound of patients with major burns

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the time course of infiltrated leukocytes and the subpopulations of infiltrated lymphocytes in deep wounds, and their relationship with injury severity in seriously burned patients. METHODS: Six patients with major burns were enrolled in the study. Specimens were taken from deep partial-thickness burn wounds of all patients at 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks after burn. The appearance time and cellular components of infiltrated leukocyte zone in the burn wound were evaluated by histological and immunohistochemistry examination with lymphocyte monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: The infiltrated leukocyte zone of burn wound formed 1-2 weeks after burn. The more severe the degree of injury (including burn area, depth and combined injuries) was, the later the infiltrated leukocyte zone appeared. The infiltrated cells mainly consisted of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) during the early period after burn while macrophages and lymphocytes appeared later. There were some changes of the T lymphocyte subsets and their activation degree in the burn wound. CONCLUSION: The changes of infiltrated leukocyte zone of wound following burns were closely related to the injury severity, and represented alteration of the anti-infection ability and immune rejection of local wound. These results provide important evidence for appropriate wound treatment and prolonging the survival of skin allograft.     

基质金属蛋白酶-13在骨性关节炎发病中的活性调控研究

目的 研究一氧化氮(NO)是否通过膜型基质金属蛋白酶-1(MT1-MMP)间接激活基质金属蛋白酶-13酶原(pro-MMP-13).方法 购买并传代人软骨肉瘤细胞(SW1353),用NO供体S-亚硝基-N-乙酰基青霉胺(SNAP),SNAP+NO清除荆氧合血红蛋白(OxyHb)和SNAP+组织金属蛋白酶抑制物-2(TI...     

严重多发伤并发急性肾损伤患者的肾功能监测及血必净注射液的干预作用

目的：对加强医疗病房（Intensive care unit,ICU）内严重多发伤并发急性肾损伤患者的肾功能进行监测并观察血必净的干预作用。方法：采用随南对照研究,将严重多发伤并发急性肾损伤的45例患者分为血必净组和对照组,对照组给予常规综合治疗,血必净组在常规综合治疗基础上加用血必净注射液100ml静脉滴注。2次/d,连用10d。动态观察两组患者的肾功能、炎症反应以及预后等指标变化。结果：与对照组比较,血必净组治疗后第3d、尿量、Uβ2-MG、UNAG差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,尿-ALB、血Scr和BUN差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,治疗结束后,两组肾功能指标以及中性粒细胞（N）、C-反应蛋白CRP、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TN F-α）、生存率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：血必净注射液具有遏制急性肾损伤患者肾功能的恶化及降低病死率的作用。     

经阴道与经腹子宫肌瘤剔除术的比较

目的探讨经阴道子宫肌瘤剔除术的可行性、安全性及临床疗效.方法对92例子宫肌瘤分别施行经阴道肌瘤剔除术(研究组,n=46)及开腹肌瘤剔除术(对照组,n=46),并对两种术式的临床疗效进行比较.结果经阴道与经腹肌瘤剔除术均获成功.手术时间研究组与对照组比较差异无显著性(t=-0.734, P=0.465);平均术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、术后疼痛、术后病率、住院日期研究组与对照组比较差异均有显著性.结论经阴道子宫肌瘤剔除术具有创伤小、术中出血少、术后肛门排气早、疼痛轻、术后病率低及住院时间短的优点,是一种安全可行的微创手术方式.但须正确掌握适应证.     

闭孔动脉跨区供血的长型股薄肌肌皮瓣

目的 为解决由股深动脉分支供血的股薄肌肌皮瓣因血管蒂在股薄肌中上1／3处，致使向骨盆会阴带蒂转移时距离受限的问题，探索该肌皮瓣由闭孔起始部为旋转点向骨盆会阴区域转移的方法。方法 根据闭孔动脉-旋股内侧动脉-股深动脉分支之间存在良好吻合支，设计以闭孔动脉跨区供血的长型股薄肌肌皮瓣转移的方法。这种方法可以切断股深动脉分支，使股薄肌肌皮瓣能够更松弛地转移至骨盆、外阴、耻骨、联合、腹股沟等区域。结果修复骨盆会阴区的畸形和缺损9例，所有肌皮瓣均全部成活，经术后3个月至3年的随诊，效果均满意。结论 闭孔动脉跨区供血的长型股薄肌肌皮瓣，可以作为常规的肌皮瓣在临床应用。     

The clinical characteristics of renal cell carcinoma in female patients

Objective:   To investigate the clinical characteristics of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in female patients.
Methods:   The clinical characteristics including sex, age at diagnosis, histological tumor size, histological subtype, Fuhrman nuclear grade and pathological tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) stage of 881 consecutive patients treated with (partial) nephrectomy for RCC from 1998 to 2006 were analyzed. Characteristics of different gender groups and different female age groups were compared. The one-way anova and t -test were used to compare means. Pearson's χ²-test and the likelihood ratio test were used to compare ratios.
Results:   Low-grade tumors accounted for 79.3% of female patients and 64.1% of male patients ( P  < 0.001). The percentage of stage T1–2 was 76.6% in female patients while it was only 68.5% in male patients ( P  = 0.011). Also, female patients had more T1–2N0M0 tumors (73.0% vs 64.3%, P  = 0.009). Once female patients were classified into three groups according to age diagnosis (≤40, 41–59 and ≥60 years) young female patients seemed to have more tumors with unfavorable histology (8.7% vs 5.1% vs 4.3%), Fuhrman grade 3–4 (23.9% vs 23.1% vs 17.7%) and stage T3–4 (28.3% vs 23.1% vs 22.0%).
Conclusion:   Compared with male patients, female patients had lower stage and grade tumors. However, younger female patients had more tumors with unfavorable histology, and higher stage and grade compared to older female patients.