Head and neck MR imaging in the pediatric patient

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies of the head and neck (excluding the brain) were obtained in 49 children believed to have lesions of the head and neck. Seven children had normal images; in the remaining 42, lesions were divided into four categories: midline lesions, lesions of symmetric paired structures, facial lesions, and nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal lesions. All entities were well delineated by MR imaging. The imaging planes and sequences chosen depended on the suspected abnormality. Midline lesions were best imaged in the sagittal plane, lesions of paired structures and the face in the axial or coronal planes, and nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal lesions in the axial or sagittal planes. Intracranial extension of head and neck neoplasms was best evaluated in the coronal plane. Surface coils provided better resolution and were thus more useful in evaluating small superficial lesions; head or body coils were more useful in defining the extent of large lesions. T2-weighted images provided better differentiation between normal and tumor tissue in patients with head and neck neoplasms.     

苦红菇化学成分的研究

从野生真菌苦红菇(Russula rosacea(Bull)Grrayem,Fr.)子实体酸性部分得到两个新的四环三萜酸化合物,经光谱(IR,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,MS)、尤其是二维核磁共振(¹³C-¹HCOSY,COLOC,NOEDIFF)谱解析,确定其结构分别如Ⅰ和Ⅱ所示,Ⅰ命名为苦红菇酸A(rosaceaacidA),Ⅱ为苦红菇酸B(rosaceaacidB)。     

苦参碱的人体药代动力学

建立了人血清苦参碱的高效液相色谱分析方法,此法回收率为99.1～102.2%,日内精密度RSD<4%,日间RSD<6%。血药浓度在1.25～40.0μg·mL^-1范围内呈线性关系(r=0.9997)。8名健康志愿者iv苦参碱6ms·kg^-1后,药代动力学过程符合二室模型。收集其中6名志愿者尿液,32h尿中原形药物排泄率为52.75%,肾清除率为143.79ml·min^-1。     

von Hippel-Lindau disease: inadequacy of angiography for identification of renal cancers

Selective renal angiograms were retrospectively evaluated for the identification of renal cell cancers in patients with von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL). Seven patients underwent angiography and surgery because of solid or complex renal masses identified at cross-sectional imaging. Nine kidneys underwent detailed examination by the surgeon and by a pathologist. There were 31 renal cancers. Angiography had enabled identification of only five cancers (16%), and six others (19%) had been suspected. Cancers detected angiographically were larger than those not detected (P less than .05). Solid tumors tended to appear less hypervascular than expected and occasionally had the angiographic appearance of atypical cysts. There were no false-positive angiograms. Angiography revealed only one cancer not previously suspected and changed the surgeon's approach for only one kidney (11%). The sensitivity and specificity of angiography were 35% and 100%, respectively. In these patients, selective renal angiography is not helpful for the detection or exclusion of cancer in a kidney. It does not have a limited role for vascular mapping prior to partial nephrectomy or tumor enucleation.     

Autostimulation of growth by human myelogenous leukemia cells (HL-60)

We have studied the effects of medium conditioned by the human progranulocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60, on the subsequent growth of new inocula of HL-60 cells. When HL-60 cells were cultured at high cell density, optimal growth rate occurred in liquid suspension and confluent colony growth was observed in viscous medium without the addition of conditioned medium. However, when cells were cultured at lower cell density, growth rate was reduced and colony growth was nil unless conditioned medium from HL-60 culture was added. All HL-60 populations studied, including the earliest available passage, 9, both elaborated and responded to HL-60 CM. HL-60 CM did not stimulate normal human or mouse granulocyte-monocyte colony-forming cell (CFU-GM) growth. Conditioned media from other human cell lines varied in the ability to stimulate HL-60 cell and CFU-GM proliferation. Some, such as GCT CM, stimulated both HL-60 cells and normal CFU-GM, whereas others, like HL-60 CM, stimulated only HL-60 growth. The majority of cell line CMs tested did not stimulate either HL-60 or CFU-GM. Chromatography of HL-60 CM on Ultrogel AcA54 showed a single peak of HL-60 stimulating activity of apparent molecular weight 13,000. The ability of HL-60 cells to elaborate this activity provides a possible explanation for their proliferation at higher cell densities. Autostimulation may prove to be important in the high growth potential of other cell populations that undergo unrepressed proliferation.     

植入型心律转复除颤器而非乙胺碘呋酮可降低充血性心力衰竭患者死亡风险

问题：与安慰剂组相比，充血性心力衰竭（CHF）患者服用乙胺碘呋酮或使用植入型心律转复除颤器（ICD），能否降低全因死亡率？