Dietary calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D, dairy products and the risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer among French women of the E3N-EPIC prospective study

A protective effect of calcium and/or dairy products on colorectal cancer has been reported in epidemiological studies but the findings are considered inconsistent. In particular, it is unclear whether they act at a particular step of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. To investigate the effect of dairy product consumption and dietary calcium, vitamin D and phosphorus intake on the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in the French E3N-EPIC prospective study. The population for the study of risk factors for adenomas was composed of 516 adenoma cases, including 175 high-risk adenomas, and of 4,804 polyp-free subjects confirmed by colonoscopy. The population for the colorectal cancer study was composed of 172 cases and 67,312 cancer-free subjects. Diet was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire completed at baseline. There was a trend of decreasing risk of both adenoma (ptrend=0.04) and cancer (ptrend=0.08) with increasing calcium intake, with RRs for adenoma and cancer of 0.80 (IC 95%=0.62-1.03) and 0.72 (95% CI=0.47-1.10), respectively, in the fourth quartile compared to the first. A protective effect of dairy products on adenoma (RRQ4 vs. Q1=0.80, 95% CI=0.62-1.05, ptrend=0.04) was observed and of milk consumption on colorectal cancer (RRQ4vs. Q1=0.54, 95% CI=0.33-0.89, ptrend=0.09), although the latter did not reach significance. Phosphorus intake also decreased the risk of adenoma (RRQ4 vs. Q1=0.70, 95% CI=0.54-0.90, ptrend=0.005). No vitamin D effect was identified. Our data support the hypothesis that calcium, dairy products and phosphorus exert a protective effect at certain steps of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence.     

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic assessment of a novel,pharmaceutical lipid–aspirin complex: results of a randomized,crossover, bioequivalence study

Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA) can lead to gastrointestinal mucosal injury through disruption of its protective phospholipid bilayer. A liquid...     

HL-A Antigens in a Chinese Population

The HL-A antigens of a Chinese population now living on the island of Taiwan have been investigated with reagents obtained from and characterized in Caucasian populations and with antisera obtained from Chinese multiparous women. Both HL-A2, the most frequent specificity found, and HL-A9 appear highly heterogeneous in this Chinese population since groups of antisera used to define HL-A2 or 9 in Caucasians gave discordant reactions. Moreover, new associations were found using chi-square and cluster analyses, further demonstrating the complexity of HL-A in this Taiwanese population. Fourteen % of 1183 Chinese multipara sera and 237 sera from multiple tranfused individuals were lymphocytotoxic and could be placed by cluster analysis into three major groups.     

Modulation of systolic and diastolic function by endothelin-1: relation to coronary flow

Different conclusions have been reached with regard to the effect of endothelin (ET-1) on cardiac contractility. We examined systolic and diastolic function in response to constant known concentrations of ET-1 with or without ET-1 induced reductions in coronary flow (CF). Rat hearts (n= 21) were buffer-perfused using constant coronary flow (cCF) or constant perfusion pressure (cPP). Left ventricular function was assessed isovolumically. Addition of ET-1 (10^-9 M) in the cCF group caused a gradual increase in PP from 61 ± 2 to 165±6mmHg (mean±SE) (P < 0.01). Within 10 min left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) increased from 111 ± 2 to a maximum of 134±4mmHg (P < 0.01) and [L\dP/dt] increased from 1640 ± 81 to a maximum of 2020 ± 92 mmHg s“¹ (P < 0.01). After 15 min left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), a measure of diastolic stiffness (DS), also increased. With ET-1 (10 ⁸ M), similar haemodynamic alterations appeared more rapidly. In the cPP group, ET-1 (10”⁹ M) caused a sharp decrease in CF and LVSP fell from 115 ± 8 to 62±12 mmHg at 10 min (P < 0.001). Systolic function remained stable at a reduced level for 1 h. DS did not change. Thus, ET-1 possesses positive inotropic effects and increases diastolic stiffness. Both effects may be masked by vasoconstriction-induced ischaemia.     

腓骨高位截骨在膝关节骨性关节炎的应用

目的:探讨腓骨高位截骨术对膝关节骨性关节炎的短中期疗效。方法:2014年10月至2016年7月,采用腓骨高位截骨治疗膝关节骨性关节炎76例,男22例,女54例;年龄47~82岁,平均61.62岁。术前查体膝关节内侧压痛,内侧麦氏征阳性,摄膝关节负重正侧位X线片显示内侧间隙变窄,术后行膝内侧间隙、股骨胫骨角、VAS疼痛评分及AKS评分进行评价。结果:术后随访10~18个月,平均8.9个月。与术前相比,术后膝内侧间隙明显变宽,股骨胫骨角度变大。术前VAS疼痛评分5.70±1.56,术后1周3.70±1.03,1个月3.20±0.95,3个月2.35±0.99,1年2.10±0.97。膝关节功能AKS评分术前疼痛14.45±1.76,活动度12.60±1.98,稳定性12.15±1.72;末次随访疼痛42.60±2.28,活动度21.80±2.14,稳定性20.85±2.16。VAS评分术前与术后各时间段相比差异有统计学意义,AKS评分术前与术后差异均有统计学意义。结论:腓骨高位截骨操作简单,并发症少,能有效减轻膝关节疼痛,改善膝关节功能,临床效果满意。     

原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的X 线诊断

目的　探讨X线诊断原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的价值。方法　回顾性分析 2 1例原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的X线所见并与手术病理对照。结果　X线表现包括充盈缺损、黏膜改变、肠腔狭窄和龛影。结论　根据临床及X线表现 ,术前可以正确诊断原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤。     

Fatty acid-binding protein-4 as a biomarker predicting acromegaly-associated diabetes mellitus

Background/aimThe known pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM) in acromegaly is mainly based on growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) excess. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP-4), a novel adipokine, is found to induce insulin resistance and type 2 DM. We aimed to investigate the possible effect of FABP-4 on glucose metabolism in patients with acromegaly.Materials and methodsThis case-control study included 28 patients newly diagnosed with acromegaly and 57 healthy volunteers. The patients with acromegaly were classified according to their glycemic status as with DM, prediabetes, and normal glucose tolerance. Anthropometric measurements, laboratory test results, and FABP-4 levels of the subjects were evaluated.ResultsAlthough no difference was observed in FABP-4 levels between acromegaly and control groups, the FABP-4 level was higher in the patients with acromegaly having DM compared to the patients with acromegaly having prediabetes and NGT, and the control group (p = 0.004, p = 0.001, p = 0.004, respectively). Logistic regression analysis suggested that the FABP-4 is an independent predictor of DM in acromegaly (β = 7.382, OR = 38.96, 95% CI: 1.52-5.76, p = 0.018).Conclusion The FABP-4 may be a helpful predictor of acromegaly-associated DM.     

口服氨基葡萄糖联合关节腔内注射治疗膝骨性关节炎

目的 探讨口服氨基葡萄糖联合关节腔内注射治疗膝骨性关节炎的疗效.方法 门诊选取膝骨性关节炎患者402例,将患者按第1次关节腔内注射药物的不同分为透明质酸钠关节腔内注射组(214例)和三联针(透明质酸钠、醋酸曲安奈德、盐酸利多卡因)关节腔内注射组(188例),并在治疗后1、2、3、5周对患者按预先设定的疗效评价标准进行随访.结果 治疗后两组患者西安大略麦马斯特大学骨性关节炎指标可视化量表 (WOMAC) 疼痛指标和机体功能指标均明显下降,而且随观察时间延长,呈逐渐下降趋势,组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但治疗后第1周随访,三联针关节腔内注射组疼痛指标下降趋势更明显,两组治疗期间塞来昔布用量比?差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组的不良反应发生率分别为8.9%(19/214)和8.5%(16/188),主要表现为轻中度的胃肠道不适和便秘.结论 口服氨基葡萄糖联合关节腔内注射在短期内能有效减轻膝骨性关节炎患者疼痛,改善关节功能,第1次关节腔内注射三联针能更快、更有效地缓解疼痛,减少了塞来昔布的用量.     

汶川地震后重灾区人群重性抑郁障碍流行病学调查

目的 了解中国汶川5·12地震后重灾区居民的重性抑郁障碍患病率、患者的人口学和社会文化特征及患病相关危险因素.方法 采用分层整群抽样方法随机抽取≥15岁人群14 503人,以一般健康问卷12项(GHQ-12)为筛选工具,采用美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)轴Ⅰ障碍定式临床检查版(SCID-Ⅰ/P)为调查诊断工具.结果 重性抑郁障碍现患180例,时点患病率为1.27%,终生患病率为1.36%;女性(OR=1.56,95%CI:1.136～2.143,P＜0.05)、合并躯体疾病(OR=4.02,95%CI:2.75～5.90,P＜0.05)、地震中受伤(OR=3.29,95%CI:1.92～5.65,P＜0.05)、财产损失(其中10万～20万元OR=2.09,95%CI:1.18～3.69,P＜0.05;＞20万元OR=2.54,95%CI:1.38～4.68,P＜0.05)、家人去世或失踪(OR=3.79,95%CI:2.08～6.89,P＜0.05)以及中年人群(OR=2.31,95%CI:1.38～3.86,P＜0.05)为危险因素.有职业为保护性因素(OR=0.60,95%CI:0.43～0.83,P＜0.05).结论 重性抑郁障碍是目前地震灾区较为多发的精神疾病.