Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis presenting with excessive subarachnoid hemorrhage in a 14-year-old boy

Cerebral venous thrombosis presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is very rare. We report a case of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis as an initial manifestation of SAH. A 14-year-old boy was admitted with progressive headache, nausea, vomiting, diplopia, and gait disturbance. Cerebral computed tomography scan showed a widely SAH in the basal cisterns, bilateral sylvian fissures, and anterior interhemispheric fissure. Cerebral angiography was performed to detect any aneurysm in intracranial vasculature as a cause of SAH; however, the totally thrombosed superior sagittal sinus, galenic vein, and straight sinus were the sole abnormal findings.     

盆腹腔包虫病普通X线诊断价值

目的:探讨盆腹腔包虫病普通X线的诊断价值.方法:对11例盆腹腔包虫病患者在胃肠机下行多轴透视,摄片观察,对血清学、其它检查及手术病理结果进行对照分析.结果:11例中5例肝包虫,X线片可见密度增高的软组织阴影,隐约可见弧形边缘,胃体中上部小弯侧及胃底部受压移位.胆系造影显示胆囊受压呈弧形.1例破裂显示巨大液平,形成"水上浮莲"征象.3例腹膜后及肠系膜包虫静脉肾盂造影显示肾盂、肾盏受压移位,积水伴弧形钙化灶.全消化道钡透示肠管移位,有弧形压迹及钙化,随体位有移位.2例盆腔包虫尿路造影示输尿管迂曲移位,膀胱可见压迹.结论:普通X线诊断方法方便、经济、快捷,是盆腹腔包虫病首选的影像诊断方法.     

Asymptomatic retropharyngeal abscess related to cervical Pott's disease

Pott's disease is an uncommon manifestation of tuberculosis, which usually involves thoracic or lumbar vertebrae. The body of the vertebrae is most severely affected and a compression fracture is an almost inevitable consequence of the disease. A paravertabral abscess generally accompanies vertebral involvement. Tenderness over the involved vertebrae, weakness of the related muscles, and paraesthesia are the usual symptoms. In this article, we report a case of cervical Pott's disease presenting mainly with neurologic symptoms such as weakness, pain, numbness of both arms and hands, and an asymptomatic retropharyngeal abscess.     

Correction to: Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 Levels in Patients with Schizophrenia and their Unaffected Siblings

Psychiatric Quarterly - The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The name of the 5th author was incorrectly listed as Çi?dem Yüksel, when it is...     

The role of paraoxonase (PON) enzyme in the extent and severity of the coronary artery disease in type-2 diabetic patients

Increased coronary artery disease (CAD) risk is well established in diabetes mellitus (DM). Paraoxonase (PON) enzyme is known to have protective effects on lipid peroxidation. This study aimed to investigate the changes in PON activity levels with duration of DM as well as the role of PON activity in progression of CAD. Eighty-four consecutive diabetic patients (mean age 58 years, 46 men) who underwent coronary angiography for diagnostic purposes were examined. Before the angiography, fasting venous blood samples were taken for PON enzyme activity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and routine biochemical parameters. Severity and extent of coronary atherosclerosis were scored numerically using the Gensini scoring system. The population was divided into three groups according to Gensini score: Group 1, mild CAD; Group 2, moderate CAD; Group 3, severe CAD. Group 1 had higher PON levels and shorter DM duration than those of Group 3. Gensini score was significantly correlated with, PON activity (r = −0.361) and apo-AI (r = −0.375). TBARS (r = −0.290) and the duration of DM (r = −0.336) also showed a significant correlation with PON activity levels. Also, multivariate linear regression and Pearson correlation analyses showed that PON activity (P = 0.04), apo-AI levels (P = 0.01), and the duration of DM (P = 0.003) were significantly associated with Gensini score. Paraoxonase activity decreases parallel to DM duration. The lack of protective effect of PON enzyme on lipid peroxidation may be a factor in acceleration of CAD in DM. This study was presented as a poster in at the International Symposium on Atherosclerosis Rome, Italy, June 18–22, 2006.     

A rare condition of anorectal dysfunction in a patient with multiple sclerosis: Coexistence of faecal incontinence and mechanical constipation: Report of case

INTRODUCTION

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic demyelinating neurological disease and causing a variety of neurological symptoms, including discomfort of anorectal function. Constipation and faecal incontinence present as anorectal dysfunction in MS and anal manometry, colonic transit time, electromyography, and defecography can be used for assessment.

PRESENTATION OF CASE

We presented a thirty-three years old woman with rare condition of anorectal dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. Anal manometry, defecography were done, and synchronously anal incontinence and mechanical constipation due to rectocele and anismus were detected in this patient.

DISCUSSION

Although anal incontinence and constipation are seen often in patients with multiple sclerosis, in the literature, coexistence of animus, rectocele and anal incontinence are quite rare.

CONCLUSION

Defecography and anal manometry are useful diagnostic methods for demonstration of anorectal dysfuntions in patients with MS.     

Comparison of two oral contraceptive forms containing cyproterone acetate and drospirenone in the treatment of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial

Purpose

To compare the effects of combined oral contraceptives (OCs) containing cyproterone acetate and drospirenone in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods

Fifty-two patients with PCOS were randomized in two groups: group A (n = 26) received 0.035 mg ethinyl estradiol + 2 mg cyproterone acetate and group B (n = 26) received 0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol + 3 mg drospirenone-containing OCs for 12 months. Baseline clinical features including body mass index, waist to hip ratio (WHR), and modified Ferriman-Gallwey (mFG) score were noted. Baseline biochemical parameters included androgen profile, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid profile, and oxidative stress. The percentages of changes for all parameters were compared.

Results

The groups were comparable regarding the baseline characteristics. WHR decreased significantly from baseline (?4 % [?31 to 35]) in group B when compared to group A (0 % [?11 to 14]) (P = 0.033). The total mFG score decreased significantly from baseline (?35 % [?71 to 10]) in group A when compared to group B (?18 % [?72 to 30]) (P = 0.035). Changes in androgen hormone profile were comparable except DHEA-SO₄ (?32 % [?53 to 15] in group B vs. ?10 % [?49 to 63] in group A; P = 0.046). The effects of the drugs were similar regarding carbohydrate metabolism, lipid profile, and oxidative stress parameters.

Conclusions

Cyproterone acetate containing OCs seem to be more effective to treat clinical hirsutism in patients with PCOS after 12 months of treatment.