Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 resolves Pringle maneuver in rats,both ischemia and reperfusion

BACKGROUND The Pringle maneuver [portal triad obstruction(PTO)] provides huge disturbances during ischemia and even more thereafter in reperfusion.Contrarily, a possible solution may be stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157,with already documented beneficial effects in ischemia/reperfusion conditions.Recently, BPC 157, as a cytoprotective agent, successfully resolved vessel occlusions in rats(ischemic colitis; deep vein thrombosis, superior anterior pancreaticoduodenal vein; bile duct cirrhosis) through rapid collateral vessel recruitment to circumvent vessel occlusion. Thereby, medication BPC 157 regimens were administered as a single challenge before and during ischemia or,alternatively, at various time points during reperfusion.AIM To introduce BPC 157 therapy against pringle maneuver-damage.METHODS In deeply anesthetised rats, the portal triad was clamped up for 30 min. Rats then underwent reperfusion for either 15 min or 24 h. Medication [(10 μg, 10 ng/kg)regimens, administered as a single challenge] picked(a) ischemia, PTO period [at 5 min before(ip) or at 5 or 30 min of ligation time(as a bath to PTO)] or(b)reperfusion, post-PTO period [at 1 or 15 min(bath during surgery) or 24 h(ip)reperfusion-time]. We provided gross, microscopy, malondialdehyde, serum enzymes, electrocardiogram, portal, caval, and aortal pressure, thrombosis and venography assessments.RESULTS BPC 157 counteracts electrocardiogram disturbances(increased P wave amplitude, S1Q3T3QRS pattern and tachycardia). Rapidly presented vascular pathway(portal vein-superior mesenteric vein-inferior mesenteric vein-rectal veins-left ileal vein-inferior caval vein) as the adequate shunting immediately affected disturbed haemodynamics. Portal hypertension and severe aortal hypotension during PTO, as well as portal and caval hypertension and mild aortal hypotension in reperfusion and refractory ascites formation were markedly attenuated(during PTO) or completely abrogated(reperfusion); thrombosis in portal vein tributaries and inferior caval vein or hepatic artery was counteracted during portal triad obstruction PTO. Also, counteraction included the whole vicious injurious circle [i.e., lung pathology(severe capillary congestion), liver(dilated central veins and terminal portal venules), intestine(substantial capillary congestion, submucosal oedema, loss of villous architecture), splenomegaly, right heart(picked P wave values)] regularly perpetuated in ischemia and progressed by reperfusion in Pringle rats.CONCLUSION BPC 157 resolves pringle maneuver-damage in rats, both for ischemia and reperfusion.     

Parents’ Pain Catastrophizing is Related to Pain Catastrophizing of Their Adult Children

Background  

Parents’ pain behavior is associated with the way their children experience and express pain.     

Evaluation of the Food Choice Motives before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study of 1232 Adults from Croatia

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic brought changes to almost every segment of our lives, including dietary habits. We present one among several studies, and the first on the Croatian population, aiming at investigating changes of food choice motives before and during the pandemic. The study was performed in June 2021 as an online-based survey, using a 36-item Food Choice Questionnaire applied for both the periods before and during the pandemic. The final sample consisted of 1232 adults living in Croatia. Sensory appeal was ranked as the number one most important food choice motive before, whereas health was ranked as the number one most important food choice motive during the pandemic. Ethical concern was reported as the least important food choice motive both before and during the pandemic. In women, natural content (p = 0.002), health, convenience, price, weight control, familiarity, and ethical concern (all p < 0.001) became more important during the pandemic, while price (p = 0.009), weight control, familiarity, and ethical concern (all p < 0.001) became more relevant for men. All together, these can be considered favorable changes toward optimal diets and may result in beneficial influences on health and lifestyle. Education strategies and efficiently tackling misinformation are prerequisites for informed food choice, which will ensure long-lasting positive effects of such changes.     

Assessment of prevalence and pathological response to orthostatic provocation in patients with multiple sclerosis

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of pathologic response to orthostatic challenge in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and the difference of the response in patients in relapse and remission.Patients and methodsWe included 112 RRMS patients; group 1 included 53 patients in a relapse and group 2, 59 patients in remission. The head up tilt table test was used to provoke an orthostatic reaction.Results71 (63%) patients (60.4% and 66% of relapse and remission subjects respectively) had a pathological response to orthostatic provocation. Syncope was found in 9 (17%) patients in group 1 compared to 22 (37.3%) in group 2 (p = 0.014). Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) was found in 17 (32%) patients in group 1 compared to 4 (6.8%) in group 2 (p = 0.001). There was a significantly negative correlation between the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and POTS (? 0.201; p = 0.034) and a positive correlation between the EDSS and syncope (0.190; p = 0.044).ConclusionThe prevalence of distinct types of orthostatic autonomic dysfunction in different phases of RRMS seems to be in direct correlation with the EDSS. Furthermore, certain autonomic dysfunctions of orthostasis, more specifically syncope and POTS, tend to be increased in remission and relapse respectively.