恶性上尿路梗阻的MR分析（附8例报告）

恶性上尿路梗阻是由恶性肿瘤所引起的上尿路阻塞，其肿瘤来源可为泌尿系，也可为泌尿系外。应用MRI及MRU技术的非创伤性检查，对引起上尿路梗阻的恶性肿瘤，可准确地显示梗阻的部位，并能准确地作出定性诊断。’     

MRI、CT仿真内窥镜的临床初步应用

目的 探讨应用MRI、CT仿真内窥镜技术的临床价值。方法 对25例病人分别作磁共振成像和螺旋CT无间隔扫描，并将原始图像传输到工作站，应用导航软件，调整阈值．重建出器官内表面的图像，其中MRVE20例，CIVE5例。结果 MRI和CT仿真内窥镜可显示正常解剖结构、病变位置、范围与纤维内窥镜所见类似。结论 MRI、CT仿真内窥镜提供一种无创伤的诊断方法，其临床诊断意义有待进一步研究。     

心理干预在保健疗养中的实施

目的为保证在保健疗养中实施心理干预。方法对2002～2005年度来院的疗养员进行心理评估、心理干预分组比较分析。结果优秀基层干部心理问题较多，离退休干部及家属则以焦虑、抑郁神经症为多，经心理干预两组症状均有某种程度缓解。结论疗养员中心理问题普遍存在，医务人员应普及心理知识，掌握干预的方法，在疗养开始给予心理评估，使心理干预在疗养过程得到充分实施。     

烧伤延迟复苏后氧化应激反应与肠道细胞凋亡

众所周知,烧伤延迟复苏由于组织器官低灌注持续时间长、机体休克程度重,是烧伤早期并发多器官功能不全的重要原因之一,若不能及时给予液体复苏治疗,患者可由于休克所致的重要脏器缺血、缺氧和功能衰竭而死亡.     

产前诊断指征和胎儿染色体异常诊断结果的相关性分析

目的通过回顾性分析产前诊断指征和产前诊断结果之间的相关性,探讨产前诊断指征在产前诊断结果中的价值。方法收集整理1421例孕妇产前诊断指征资料,并进行归类、分析;统计羊水培养染色体结果。结果胎儿染色体异常136例,总异常率为9.57%;染色体异常的检出率由高至低分别为亲代染色体异常组(58.82%)、无创产前筛查异常组(56%)、超声提示异常组(13.46%)、不良孕产史组(4.72%)、唐筛高危组(4.41%)、高龄组(4.15%);其中无创产前筛查异常组、亲代染色体异常组、超声提示异常组、唐筛高危组、高龄组和不良孕产史同总异常检出率比较具有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论对具有产前诊断指征的孕妇进行羊水细胞培养及染色体核型分析,及时发现胎儿染色体异常,为孕妇是否继续妊娠提供科学依据,有利于降低出生缺陷的发生率。     

人肾透明细胞腺癌786-O细胞株的传代培养及其生物学特性初探

目的探讨人肾透明细胞腺癌786-O细胞株体外培养的生长特性,为进一步的实验研究积累经验。方法将786-O细胞株于体外培养,进行传代、冻存、复苏和细胞计数等操作,并绘制细胞生长曲线。结果786-O细胞株在体外被成功培养,生长较快,每3天传代1次。细胞生长曲线呈S形,分为潜伏期、对数生长期和停滞期,细胞倍增时间大约36 h。结论786-O细胞株能在体外稳定地传代培养。     

急诊科护理工作中易出现的护患纠纷及对策

在急诊工作中突发疾病及危重患者较多，需要及时治疗和观察。在这种繁重而紧张的工作环境中，护士与患者易发生矛盾冲突，所以需要急诊科护士具备较高的应对能力。现就急诊科引发护患纠纷的常见原因分析如下并提出对策。     

自体LAK细胞回输加Ara-AMP疗法治疗慢性乙型肝炎40例

在我国常见的肝脏疾病中,慢性乙型肝炎(慢乙肝)是一种难治性疾病。 我们应用自体血LAK细胞回输疗法对40例慢乙肝患者进行治疗,在此基础上,除3例外,其余都加用单磷酸阿糖腺苷(Ara—AMP)抗病毒治疗,现将结果报告如下: 临床资料 一、一般资料: 根据1990年上海会议诊断标准确诊为慢性活动性乙型肝炎和慢性迁延性乙型肝炎患者40例。其中男32例,女8例,年龄8～50岁,平均28岁。所有患者HBsAg均阳性,ALT异常半年以上,并于治疗前1～3个月内HBeAg持续阳性。其中有2例患者合并糖尿病。     

高原地区烧伤后延迟复苏氧化应激对大鼠肠上皮细胞凋亡及bax和bcl-2基因表达的影响

Objective To explore influence of oxidative stress reaction on apoptosis rate and expres-sion of apoptosis-related genes bax and bcl-2 of enterocytes in severely burned rats with delayed resuscitation on the plateau. Methods One hundred and twenty rats subjected to 30% TBSA full-thickness scald on the back were derided into plateau experimental group (PE, altitude 3840 m) and Lanzhou experimental group (LE, altitude 1517 m). Then LE and PE groups were subdivided into Lanzhou immediate fluid resus-citation group (LIFR, with immediate intraperitoneal injection of isotonic saline after scald, 40 mL/kg), Lanzhou delayed fluid resuscitation group [LDFR, with intraperitoneal injection of isotonic saline at 6 post scald hour (PSH), 40 mL/kg], and plateau immediate fluid resuscitation group (PIFR, with immediate in-traperitoneal injection of isotonic saline after scald, 40 mL/kg), plateau delayed fluid resuscitation group (PDFR, with intraperitoneal injection of isotonic saline at 6 PSH, 40 mL/kg). Another 12 rats were divided into Lanzhou sham scald group (LS) and plateau sham scald group (PS), with 6 rats in each group. Rats in LS and PS groups were sham scalded in a water bath for 15 s without fluid infusion. Rats were sacrificed at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 PSH for collection of small intestine samples to determine the contents of malonaldehyde (MDA) and total hydrosulfide (TSH). The apoptosis of enterocytes was determined by TUNEL, and the ex-pression of bax and bcl-2 in epithelial cells were observed by immunohistochemical method. Intestinal sample of LS and PS groups were collected to determine the contents of MDA and TSH. Results After being scal-ded, content of MDA in intestinal tissue of rats in LDFR group and PDFR group was respectively greater than that in LIFR group and PIFR group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Intestinal tissue content of MDA of rats in LDFR group (9.8±4.0 nmol/mg) and PDFR group (10.2±1.3 nmol/mg) was respectively greater than that in LIFR group (9.5±2.7 nmol/mg) and PIFR group (9.6±1.1 nmol/mg) (P<0.05) at 24 PSH. After being scalded, intestinal content of TSH of rats in PE group and PDFR group was respectively smaller than that in LE group and LIFR group (P<0.05). A multitude of brown positive apoptotic cells were ob-served in PDFR at 6 and 12 PSH. Absorbance values in LDFR group, PIFR group, and PDFR group were higher than that in LIFR group at each time point (P<0.05 or P<0.01). A multitude of bax positive cells were observed in intestinal mucous membrane in PDFR at 6 and 12 PSH. Expression of bal-2 was nega-tive in PE group, and LIFR and LDFR groups at 6, 12 PSH, and it was weakly positive in LIFR and LDFR groups at 24, 48, 72 PSH. Conclusions Enhancement of bax expression and weakening of bcl-2 expres-sion in enterocytes are induced by the severe oxidative stress reaction in intestinal mucous membrane after burn with delayed resuscitation on the plateau, which may be one of the important reasons in inducing an in-crease in apoptosis of enterocytes.