泌尿系统淀粉样变性病（附三例报告并文献复习）

报告肾盂输尿管、膀胱及尿道淀粉样变性病各１例，其中膀胱淀粉样变性病合并腺性膀胱炎和尿道淀粉样变性病属于国内首次报告。复习文献讨论了泌尿系统淀粉样变性病的分类、病因、病理、发生率、临床症状，治疗以及预后。     

海马血管中心性胶质瘤临床病理特点

目的探讨新命名肿瘤血管中心性胶质瘤的临床病理特点。方法分析1例血管中心性胶质瘤患者的临床、影像学和组织学、免疫组化特点。结果25岁女性患者因癫痫行MRI检查发现海马实性占位,组织学显示肿瘤细胞呈梭形,围绕血管排列,形成菊形团样结构,可见变性的神经元。免疫组化GFAP、vimentin、S-100阳性,EMA点状阳性,Syn、CgA和p53阴性,增殖指数约1%。患者术后癫痫消失,随访3个月,MRI复查无复发。结论癫痫是血管中心性胶质瘤的常见症状,病灶位于大脑浅层,菊形团样结构和EMA点状阳性是其独特的组织学特点,患者治疗效果和预后好,WHO分级为Ⅰ级。     

Difference in microvascular structure between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules and its relationship with CT enhancement

Objective: To investigate the enhancement basis and the mechanisms of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) by comparing the differences in microvascular structure between benign and malignant lesions. Methods: Dynamic contrast-enhanced CT scan was performed on 53 patients with SPNs (diameter<3 cm. 38 peripheral lung cancers, 5 hamartomas, 10 inflammatory lesions) using a Siemens Plus S or a Marconi MX8000 multi-slices spiral CT scanner. The time-attenuation curves were interpreted. The microvascular density (MVD) and the continuity of the microvessels' basemental membrane in the dissected specimens were observed with the ABC (avidin-biotin-complex) immuno-histochemical method in all patients. ResultS:The CT enhancement values of lung cancer (49. 05±16. 08 HU) and inflammatory lesions (49. 59±21. 30 HU) were significantly higher than those of hamartoma (8. 98±4. 56 HU) (t = 7. 48. P<0. 05; t = 8. 35, P<0. 05). But the enhancement of lung cancer was similar to that of inflammatory lesions (t = 0. 76. P>0. 05). The time-attenuation curve of inflammatory lesions tended to increase faster and reached a higher peak compared to the lung cancer, and both of them maintained a high plateau after crossing. The hamartoma showed a slight increase in the time-attenuation curve and demonstrated a low-plateau curve. The MVD of SPNs was positively correlated with CT enhancement (r=0. 8051). The microvascular counts of peripheral lung cancer (48. 45±10. 09) and inflammatory lesions (19. 60±19. 94) were significantly higher than those of hamartoma (8.70±7.30) (t = 11.64, P<0.001;t = 6. 09. P< 0. 001). but no significant difference was found between lung cancer and inflammatory lesions (t= -0. 26, P = (). 799). There was no difference in the continuity of basement membrane between nodules with an enhancement less than 30 HU and those with an enhancement higher than 30HU (x2 = 3. 13, P>0. 05 ). Conclusion: The microvascular counts mainly contribute to the enhancement value of SPNs. The basement membrane is not related to nodule enhancement, but it might influence the pattern of the time-attenuation curve.     

原发性肺恶性间质细胞瘤1例

间质肿瘤是具有非定向分化特性的肿瘤,即非平滑肌源性,也非神经鞘源性,临床多见于胃肠道[1],但肺间质肿瘤甚为罕见.     

肺内良恶性结节微血管结构的差别及其对CT强化程度的影响

目的　研究周围型肺癌及良性结节CT增强与微血管结构 (包括微血管密度和毛细血管基底膜 )的关系 ,探讨肺内孤立结节 (SPN)CT强化的基础。方法　应用MarconiMX 80 0 0或SiemensPlusS螺旋CT机对 3cm以下的 3 8例肺癌、5例错构瘤、10例活动性炎性结节进行动态增强 ,绘制时间 密度曲线。以ABC法进行免疫组织化学染色 ,标记微血管和微血管基底膜 ,计算微血管密度 (MVD)。结果　肺癌的CT强化值明显高于错构瘤 [( 4 9.0 5± 16.0 8)HUvs ( 8.98± 4.5 6)HU ,t =7.48,P <0 .0 5 ) ] ,与活动性炎性结节无显著性差异 [( 4 9.0 5± 16.0 8)HUvs ( 4 9.5 9± 2 1.3 0 )HU ,t =0 .76,P >0 .0 5 ) ] ;活动性炎性结节与错构瘤之间也有显著性差异 (t=8.3 5 ,P <0 .0 5 )。活动性炎性结节时间密度曲线的上升快且略高于肺癌 ,两者达到峰值后交叉形成一平台 ;错构瘤仅有轻微上升 ,曲线平直。周围型肺癌MVD为 48.45± 10 .0 9,活动性炎性结节49.60± 19.94,两者无显著性差异 (t=-0 .2 6,P =0 .799) ,但均明显高于错构瘤 ( 8.70± 7.3 0 ) (t =11.64 ,P<0 .0 0 1;t=6.0 9,P <0 .0 0 1)。结节CT强化值与MVD呈正相关 (r =0 .80 5 1,P <0 .0 0 1)。以强化值 3 0HU为界将 5 3例结节分成两组 ,两组基底膜完整性无显著性差异 ( χ2     

溶胶-凝胶生物活性玻璃/胶原复合多孔支架的力学性能研究

目的研究溶胶-凝胶生物活性玻璃/胶原组织工程支架的力学性能及降解性能,为胶原基复合支架的进一步应用,提供理论基础。方法以纳米溶胶-凝胶生物活性玻璃为添加相,利用冷冻干燥法制备了4种溶胶-凝胶生物活性玻璃/胶原基复合多孔组织工程支架。结果(1)溶液中胶原纤维的聚集状态,制备出具有直径约为400～600nm的粗胶原纤维束支架材料,这种粗胶原纤维束对改善胶原基组织工程支架的力学强度和减慢其降解速度具有重要作用,其中胶原与生物活性玻璃质量比为40∶60时,具有最高的抗压强度(1.5469±0.0995)MPa。(2)利用FTIR和Raman等技术综合分析研究了溶胶-凝胶生物活性玻璃对胶原蛋白的二级结构的影响,当复合材料中胶原含量小于20%时,胶原蛋白二级结构破坏严重。结论当胶原与生物活性玻璃质量比为40∶60时,所制备的复合支架具有最好的抗压性能和降解性能,为进一步应用提供了研究基础。     

下颌骨骨腔煅石膏颗粒植入效果的实验研究

本文报告用石膏颗粒进行动物颌骨骨腔植入的实验研究,用18条动物,分为2组,A组为兔,9只,B组为犬,9条。所有动物均以右侧下颌骨作为实验侧,左侧下颌骨为对照侧,均于术后1、3、6月取材检查。实验发现煅石膏颗粒植入颌骨骨腔是安全的,对组织有相容性,能被吸收,且可刺激新骨形成。