特发性肺纤维化急性加重期证候与血清生物标志物的相关性研究＊

目的 通过分析特发性肺纤维化急性加重期（AE-IPF）患者证候与血清生物标志物的关系，为中医辨证治疗提供参考。方法 采用观察性研究设计，收集2019年3月至2019年11月三个中心的AE-IPF患者76例，其中痰热壅肺证26例、痰浊阻肺证50例，并纳入健康志愿者10例作为对照。采用ELISA测定患者血清CCL18、HMGB1、KL-6、MMP-7、SP-A和SP-D水平，分析与中医证候的相关性。结果 AE-IPF患者血清CCL18、HMGB1、KL-6、MMP-7、SP-A和SP-D水平均显著高于健康对照组。血清CCL18、HMGB1、KL-6、MMP-7和SP-D水平在痰热壅肺证和痰浊阻肺证患者间无显著性差异（P＞0.05），而血清SP-A水平存在显著性差异（P＜0.05）。结论 血清SP-A与AE-IPF证候存在一定的相关性，血清SP-A的浓度升高，与痰热壅肺证关系越密切，反之，血清SP-A浓度降低，则与痰浊阻肺证关系越密切。AE-IPF痰热壅肺证患者的预后可能较痰浊阻肺证患者更差。     

山白树微卫星特征分析及分子标记开发

目的:山白树是中国特有珍稀濒危植物。分析微卫星特征,开发其微卫星分子标记。方法:采用Illumina二代测序技术建立山白树基因组文库和微卫星文库,分析微卫星组成类型,设计山白树引物,用5个山白树种群进行扩增和检测以分析其多态性。结果:二代测序共返回38,942,660条100 bp配对序列,通过质量修剪及拼接得到200,386条拼接序列,其中长度 335 bp的为7 614条;在7 614条序列中检测出微卫星位点694个,其中单核苷酸重复最多,单核苷酸重复中A/T重复数量最多;二核苷酸长度变异最大,其中AG/CT重复数量最多,重复长度变异情况与微卫星丰度呈正相关。为36条山白树微卫星重复次数高的序列设计引物,经聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测,20对引物多态性丰富且条带清晰,等位基因数(NA)在3~6之间,平均为4,多态性信息含量(PIC) 0. 535 5~0. 754 0,平均值0. 615 5。对5个山白树种群的群体遗传分析发现,该物种遗传多样性较高(h=0. 697 5,I=1. 436 8,HE=0. 702 2),种群遗传分化显著(Fst=0. 374)。结论:通过部分山白树的群体遗传也可以说明本次开发的引物可用性较好。该研究开发了山白树微卫星分子标记引物,为山白树分子遗传学奠定了基础。     

黑参中人参皂苷Rg_3的含量测定

目的:建立黑参中人参皂苷Rg_3的含量测定方法。方法:利用高效液相色谱法,采用Thermo色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-水为流动相梯度洗脱,测定黑参中人参皂苷Rg_3含量。结果:研究表明,不同批次黑参中人参皂苷Rg_3的含量差别明显,平均含量为1.236 5 mg·g~(-1),最低含量为0.368 7 mg·g~(-1),最高含量为2.500 7 mg·g~(-1),相差6.8倍。结论:建立了黑参中人参皂苷Rg_3含量的测定方法,对不同批次样品进行测定后发现,人参皂苷Rg_3含量差别明显,为黑参的质量控制和开发利用提供参考。     

Influences of simulated gastrointestinal environment on physicochemical properties of gold nanoparticles and their implications on intestinal epithelial permeability

Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) hold great promise in food, industrial and biomedical applications due to their unique physicochemical properties. However, influences of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), a likely route for Au NPs administration, on the physicochemical properties of Au NPs has been rarely evaluated. Here, we investigated the influence of GIT fluids on the physicochemical properties of Au NPs (5, 50, and 100?nm) and their implications on intestinal epithelial permeability in vitro. Au NPs aggregated in fasted gastric fluids and generated hydroxyl radicals in the presence of H₂O₂. Cell studies showed that GIT fluids incubation of Au NPs affected the cellular uptake of Au NPs but did not induce cytotoxicity or disturb the intestinal epithelial permeability.     

从湿热体质论治脂溢性脱发

中医对于脂溢性脱发，传统多按"血热风燥""血虚风燥""湿热""肝肾不足"等分型论治，虽能取得一定的临床疗效，暂时缓解病情，但难以根治，给患者带来困扰。倪诚教授根据国医大师王琦教授所提出的"肤-体相关论""体质可调论"，认为湿热体质是脂溢性脱发发病的主要土壤，指出瘀浊蛀发是脂溢性脱发的病机要点，治疗上以清利湿热调体治本、凉血活血为主、佐以滋养肝肾，方用茵陈蒿汤合升降散加减配合外洗经验方，从标本兼顾、分期论治、内服外洗等方面治疗脂溢性脱发，在临床上取得良好的疗效。     

Percutaneous renal mass biopsy: historical perspective,current status,and future considerations

Introduction: Percutaneous renal mass biopsy has evolved over the last decade with improvements on previous pitfalls including low tissue yield, high non-diagnostic rates, and complications. As understanding of tumor biology and natural history of renal cortical neoplasms has improved, percutaneous renal mass biopsy is poised to have an expanding role in an area characterized by individualized management and refined risk stratification.

Areas covered: This review summarizes the evolution of renal mass biopsy to its current state with respect to outcomes, indications, and clinical guidelines.

Expert opinion: With improved understanding of differential biological potential of renal cortical neoplasms combined with technical improvements in diagnostic yield and accuracy, utilization of renal mass biopsy is becoming an important adjunct to patient care in a broad range of clinical scenarios, including active surveillance, thermal ablation, and use of primary systemic therapy in localized and advanced settings.