Menin蛋白生物学功能的研究进展

Menin蛋白为MEN1基因的表达产物,而MEN1基因的突变是遗传性多发性内分泌腺瘤病的致病原因.Menin蛋白具有多种生物学作用,可影响胚胎的生长发育,与肿瘤的发生和生长又密切相关.本文对Menin蛋白生物学功能研究进展进行综述.     

Prophylactic juxtapapillary laser photocoagulation in pediatric morning glory syndrome

AIM: To determine the anatomic and visual outcomes of prophylactic juxtapapillary laser photocoagulation treatment alone in the prevention of retinal detachment (RD) in a cohort of pediatric patients diagnosed with morning glory syndrome (MGS). METHODS: A total of 24 eyes of 22 consecutive patients aged 0-15y diagnosed with MGS treated with prophylactic juxtapapillary laser photocoagulation alone were reviewed. Data including demographics, ocular examination, anatomic and visual outcomes, following treatment and complications were collected. RESULTS: Two patients had bilateral laser treatment and 20 had monocular laser treatment. The age at treatment of 13 (59.1%) patients was less than 12mo. The presenting symptoms included strabismus (6/22, 27.3%), decreased vision (2/22, 9.1%), and routine fundus screening (14/22, 63.6%). Fifteen (68.2%) patients underwent cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations, and 3 of those 15 (20.0%) had abnormal findings in the nervous system. Based on preoperative wide-field fundus photography and B-scan echography, all (100.0%) eyes had no obvious RD. On postoperative 1mo and 6mo and the following follow-ups, the anatomic outcomes of all eyes remained stable. The mean follow-up duration was 27.7±17.5mo. No severe complications were found. Preoperative visual acuity acquired from 2 (9.1%) patients ranged from light perception to 20/200. Postoperative acuity acquired from 11 (50.0%) patients ranged from light perception to 20/125. CONCLUSION: The preliminary anatomic and visual outcomes of prophylactic juxtapapillary laser treatment alone in pediatric MGS patients are relatively stable in a short-term follow-up. Further long-term clinical observation will be needed to confirm its efficacy and safety.     

Comparison of bevacizumab and ranibizumab in age-related macular degeneration:a systematic review and meta-analysis

AIM: To compare the effectiveness and safety between bevacizumab and ranibizumab in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) through a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS:We performed a comprehensive search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, case-control and cohort studies that compared bevacizumab and ranibizumab using PubMed and the Cochrane Library. After the related data were extracted by two investigators independently, pooled weighted mean differences (WMDs) and risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a random-effects or a fixed-effects model.RESULTS:A total of four RCTs involving 1927 patients and eleven retrospective case series involving 2296 patients were included. For the primary outcomes, no significant differences were found between ranibizumab group and bevacizumab group in visual acuity (WMD:-0.04; 95%CI:-0.08 to 0.00; P=0.06), best corrected visual acuity (WMD:-0.05; 95%CI:-0.10 to 0.00; P=0.05), retina thickness (WMD:-4.69; 95%CI:-13.15 to 3.76; P=0.86) and foveal thickness (WMD:10.91; 95%CI:-14.73 to 36.56; P=0.40). The pooled analyses in the evaluation of safety showed that compared to bevacizumab, ranibizumab was associated with decreased risks of ocular inflammation (RR:0.45; 95% CI:0.23 to 0.89; P=0.02) and venous thrombotic events (RR:0.27; 95%CI:0.08 to 0.89; P=0.03). However, there were no significant differences observed in deaths (P=0.69) and arterial thromboembolic events (P=0.71) between the two groups.CONCLUSION:With equal clinical efficacy, ranibizumab was found to be associated with less adverse events compared to bevacizumab, indicating that ranibizumab might be a safer management.     

252Cf腔内照射治疗食管癌疗效与病变外侵程度的相关性

目的 观察252Cf中子射线内照射治疗食管癌的疗效与食管肿瘤外侵程度及病变长度的关系及对患者预后的影响.方法 对32例食管癌患者进行外照射加252 Cf腔内照射治疗,常规外照射38 Gy/19次(2 Gy/次,1次/日,5次/周)后,开始内外照射同期进行,内照射4 Gy/次,1次/周,共12 Gy/3次,外照射总量为50 Gy.结果 病变长度≤5 cm患者1、3、5年局部控制率及生存率明显高于＞5 cm患者,分别为93.75％、76.70％、65.75％和93.75％、56.25％、43.75％(x2 =7.01,P＜0.05);60.94％、27.08％、27.08％和75.00％、18.75％、12.50％(x2=5.96,P＜0.05).最大浸润深度≤1.5 cm患者1、3、5年局部控制率及生存率明显高于最大浸润深度＞1.5 cm患者,分别为92.31％、73.85％、61.54％和92.31％、61.54％、46.15％(x2=3.87,P＜ 0.05);67.67％、35.45％、35.45％和73.68％、21.05％、15.79％(x2=6.24,P＜0.05).病变长度≤5 cm且浸润深度≤2.0 cm患者与病变长度＞5 cm且浸润深度＞2.0 cm患者比较,局部控制率和生存率差异有统计学意义(x2=10.09、7.97,P＜0.05).结论 食管癌病变长度≤5 cm,CT最大外侵≤1.5 cm,可能是252 Cf中子射线腔内照射的最好适应证.而当病变长度≤5 cm且肿瘤最大浸润深度≤2 cm时也可作为252 Cf中子射线腔内照射的较佳选择.     

纳米材料诱导细胞自噬的研究进展

细胞自噬是一种"清道夫"式的细胞保护程序,保护自身细胞不受来自内部或外界的伤害。随着细胞自噬研究的深入进展,科学家们开始关注与细胞自噬相关的其他方面问题的研究,其中纳米材料诱导的细胞自噬得到了高度关注,且越来越多的研究表明,纳米材料能引起细胞自噬。本文从当前关于纳米材料与细胞自噬关系的现有研究结果出发,针对水溶性富勒烯及其衍生物、稀土金属氧化物、量子点、石墨烯等纳米材料对细胞自噬的诱导和抑制作用,做简单综述。     

猫眼草乙酸乙酯部分的抗肿瘤活性研究

目的：分离猫眼草乙酸乙酯部分提取物,对其指标成分进行含量测定,并对其抗肿瘤活性进行体外细胞实验研究,以期为猫眼草的利用与开发提供理论基础,为开发天然的抗肿瘤药提供新的方向和更多的选择。方法：高效液相色谱法测定乙酸乙酯部分槲皮素与没食子酸的含量;溶剂洗脱法对猫眼草乙酸乙酯部分进行分离;MTT法测定不同浓度的猫眼草乙酸乙酯各组份对乳腺癌ZR-75-30细胞生长的抑制作用。结果：猫眼草乙酸乙酯部分含有槲皮素19.99%,没食子酸55.04%。从猫眼草乙酸乙酯部分得到17个流份合并为6个组份。猫眼草乙酸乙酯部分分离的各组分（浓度50 μg·ml-1-150 μg·ml-1范围）对乳腺癌细胞ZR-75-30的生长有抑制作用,且呈现一定的梯度关系,随着药物浓度的升高,对乳腺癌细胞的生长抑制率增强。其中组分2的抗肿瘤活性最强。结论：猫眼草乙酸乙酯部分提取物含有黄酮和酚酸类成分,各组分对乳腺癌细胞生长均有抑制作用。     

多指标正交试验优选鳖血柴胡的炮制工艺

目的: 优选鳖血柴胡的炮制工艺。 方法: 以柴胡皂苷a,c,d及醇溶性浸出物含量的综合评分为指标,通过正交试验考察炮制时间、鳖血用量、炮制温度对鳖血柴胡炮制工艺的影响。采用HPLC测定柴胡皂苷a,c,d的含量,流动相乙腈(A)-水(B)梯度洗脱(0~50 min,25%~90%A;50~55 min,90%A),检测波长210 nm。 结果: 炒制时间对炮制工艺具有显著性影响。最佳炮制工艺为150 ℃炮制10 min,加鳖血量0.05 mL ·g^-1。醇溶性浸出物及柴胡皂苷a,c,d质量分数分别为12.42%,0.85%,0.23%,0.90%。 结论: 优选的炮制工艺合理可靠、重复性好,为规范鳖血柴胡饮片的炮制加工提供参考。     

双相障碍的功能损害及相关因素

本文目的是探讨双相障碍社会功能和认知功能的特点及其影响因素,为临床识别与干预提供参考。研究显示,双相障碍功能损害显著,即使在稳定期,双相障碍患者仍存在不同程度的认知功能和社会功能损害,双相障碍的功能损害可能存在病理心理机制和相关影响因素。本文从双相障碍社会功能损害、认知功能损害和二者的关系等方面进行阐述,并总结当前研究的不足之处。     

加味天雄散治疗少弱精子症的疗效观察

目的观察加味天雄散治疗少弱精子症的有效性和安全性。方法将80例少弱精子症患者随机分为两组,治疗组40例,采用加味天雄散进行治疗,对照组40例,采用五子衍宗丸治疗。3个月为1个疗程。分别于治疗前后对患者进行综合疗效评价、精液参数分析及精子正常形态判定。结果完成观察70例,本研究临床疗效判定:治疗组总有效率91.43%,配偶妊娠率为8.57%,显效率65.71%;对照组总有效率85.71%,妊娠率为5.71%,显效率54.29%,治疗组总有效率和显效率均高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组均能显著提高精子密度、精子活力、精子正常形态百分率,治疗组优于对照组(P0.05,P0.01)。结论加味天雄散治疗少弱精子症有显著的疗效,能显著提高精子密度、精子活力,提高精子正常形态,减少头部畸形率,且安全性良好。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定抗癌新药SLXM-2的含量

 目的建立测定抗癌新药SLXM-2含量的反相高效液相色谱分析方法。方法采用C₁₈硅烷键合硅胶为填料的色谱柱(DIKMA^TM4.6mm×200mm,5μm),乙腈-水(20:80)为流动相,流速为1mL·min^-1,检测波长为199nm。结果SLXM-2的质量浓度为0.392～2.02g·L^-1内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9998),平均回收率为99.7%(n=9);本方法的最低检出浓度为4.4mg·L^-1。结论该方法简便、准确、可靠,可用于抗癌新药SLXM-2的质量控制。