酸相关性疾病与幽门螺杆菌感染

酸相关性疾病是指一类与胃酸攻击作用密切相关的上胃肠道疾病,包括器质性疾病和功能性疾病。根据病理生理机制的不同,酸相关性疾病主要分为胃食管反流病(GERD)、消化性溃疡病(PUD)和功能性消化不良(FD)三类。尽管目前对酸相关性疾病的发病机制已有了较深入的了解,但幽门螺杆菌(Hp)与其症状之间的关系仍不明确。现简要介绍幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染在酸相关性疾病发生机制中的作用。     

Protective Effect of Curcumin on Endotoxin-induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats

Acute lung injury (ALI) or its more severe form, the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), is a common, devastating clinical syndrome that affects both medical and surgical patients. The most common cause of ALI is sepsis. There is now well-documented evidence that pulmonary inflammation contributes to the devel-opment of ALI. Despite significant advances in our un-derstanding of pathophysiology and technologies in the supportive management, mortality from ALI remains excessive. C…     

Antisense inhibition of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase reduces cancer cell survival in vitro and tumor growth in vivo.

PURPOSE: Many cancer lines are methionine dependent and decrease proliferation when methionine supply is limited. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) generates the folate derivative for homocysteine remethylation to methionine. We investigated the effect of antisense-mediated inhibition of MTHFR on survival of human cancer cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We examined the in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects of a combination of MTHFR antisense and standard cytotoxic drugs. RESULTS: Specific antisense against MTHFR (EX5) showed significant inhibitory effects on growth of human colon, lung, breast, prostate, and neuroblastoma tumor cells in vitro compared with that of the control oligonucleotide. Cytotoxic drugs (5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, or paclitaxel) potentiated the effect of EX5. In vivo, antisense alone or in combination with cytotoxic drugs inhibited the growth of human colon and lung carcinoma xenografts. In comparison with control oligonucleotide, treatment with EX5 inhibited growth of colon tumors and lung tumors by 60% and 45%, respectively. EX5 with 5-fluorouracil decreased growth of colon tumors by an additional 30% compared with EX5 alone, and EX5 with cisplatin decreased growth of lung tumors by an additional 40% compared with cisplatin alone. Growth inhibition by EX5 was associated with decreased amounts of MTHFR protein and with increased amounts of an apoptosis marker. CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm that MTHFR inhibition decreases tumor growth and suggest that inhibition of MTHFR by antisense or small molecules may be a novel anticancer approach.     

化疗增敏剂影响 P-糖蛋白依赖多药耐药性肿瘤细胞~(99)Tc~m-MIBI 摄取的实验研究(英文)

目的观察化疔增敏剂对多药耐药性(Multi-drug resistance,MDR)肿瘤细胞 P-糖蛋白(P-glycoprotein,P-gp)的影响及伴随~(99)Tc~m-MI-BI 摄取动力学的变化,以建立用~(99)Tc~m-MIBI 来评价化疗增敏剂效果的方法。方法 MDR 人乳腺癌细胞 MCF-7/Adr 37℃培养。(1)实验组和对照组细胞培养基中分别加入化疗增敏剂维拉帕米(10 μmol/L)和等体积培养液 DMEM。~(99)Tc~m-MIBI 与细胞共同孵育2 h 后收集细胞,测定放射性活度和 P-gp 表达水平。(2)维拉帕米(10 μmol/L)加入细胞培养基中,与细胞孵育若干时间后~(99)Tc~m-MIBI 加入细胞培养基中,与细胞一起培养2 h 后收集细胞。测定放射性活度和P-gp 表达水平。结果 (1)维拉帕米作用2h 后,细胞摄取~(99)Tc~m-MIBI 较对照组显著增加(t=2.33,P<0.05),但 P-gp 表达水平差异无显著性(P>0.05)。(2)肿瘤细胞摄取~(99)Tc~m-MIBI 随维拉帕米作用时间的延长而增加,各时间点 UR 差异有显著性(F=58.2,P<0.05),并且,VRP 作用时间在80 min 内时,肿瘤细胞摄取~(99)Tc~m-MIBI 与 P-gp 的表达水平无相关性(r=0.16,P>0.05),VRP 作用时间大于8 h时,肿瘤细胞摄取~(99)Tc~m-MIBI 与 P-gp 的表达水平呈负相关(r=-0.73,P<0.01)。结论化疗增敏剂能够影响 P-gp 过度表达所致 MDR 肿瘤细胞对~(99)Tc~m-MIBI 的摄取。     

视网膜母细胞瘤的遗传学特征及临床筛查与治疗

视网膜母细胞瘤(RB)是儿童最常见的眼内恶性肿瘤,多发于婴幼儿,可损害患儿视力、眼球,甚至危及生命。其发生和发展与基因组和表观基因组有很大关系,遗传性RB占所有病例的45%。RB的治疗和预后取决于疾病的初始阶段,当疾病被早期诊断和治疗时,存活率超过95%,当RB在晚期发生眼外播散时,存活率低于50%。因此RB的治疗重点是通过早期肿瘤的监测和预防挽救患儿生命,其次要目标是保存眼球,并最大水平地保留视力。对RB遗传学的研究有助于通过基因筛查、监测查找特异性靶点,对提高患儿的生存率、研究RB靶向治疗十分必要。     

儿童弱视715眼治疗效果的临床分析

目的：探讨儿童弱视临床特点和综合治疗效果。

方法：选取2015-07/2017-07我院确诊收治的弱视儿童393例715眼,建立弱视治疗档案,给予弱视综合疗法治疗,观察其治疗效果,并对其年龄、弱视类型、弱视程度、弱视注视性质和治疗依从性等影响疗效的临床特点进行分析。

结果：患儿393例715眼中,基本治愈者520眼(72.7%),进步者117眼(16.4%),无效者 78眼(10.9%),总有效率为89.1%。年龄、弱视类型、弱视程度、注视性质、治疗依从性等临床特点影响弱视治疗效果。

结论：儿童弱视的总体治疗效果较好。与患儿年龄、弱视类型、弱视程度、弱视注视性质和治疗依从性等临床特点关系密切。年龄偏大,弱视类型为屈光参差性弱视、斜视性弱视,弱视程度重、旁中心注视及依从性差的患儿治疗效果差。     

A pilot study on vitrectomy combined with scleral shortening for eyes with myopic macular retinoschisis——2y follow-up results

AIM:To evaluate the effect of vitrectomy combined with scleral shortening for eyes with myopic macular retinoschisis.METHODS:Thirty-seven patients with myopic macular retinoschisis who underwent pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)combined with scleral shortening were reviewed.Axial length(AL),the height of macular retinoschisis,the height of retinal detachment if existed,the diameter of macular hole if existed and best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)were obtained.The preoperative and postoperative parameters were compared.RESULTS:At postoperative 24 mo,the mean AL and height of macular retinoschisis were reduced significantly by 0.79 mm and 256.51μm(t=8.064,P<0.0001;Z=-5.086,P<0.0001)respectively.In addition,the mean height of retinal detachment and diameter of macular hole were also reduced significantly by 365.38μm and 183.68μm(Z=-4.457,P=0.000008;Z=-2.983,P=0.003)respectively.Meanwhile,the postoperative BCVA was improved markedly(Z=-2.126,P=0.033).CONCLUSION:Vitrectomy combined with scleral shortening is an effective surgical method for eyes with myopic macular retinoschisis,whether or not macular hole and retinal detachment are present.     

复杂高陡构造零偏VSP空变倾角时差校正及其处理技术

英买9井曾在白垩系巴西改组获得高产, 但该井周边部署的井油气显示并不理想。在储层和盖层均发育良好的英买9井区内, 断层对英买9井区内的油气富集具有十分重要的影响。为了研究英买9井区断层对油气聚集的控制作用, 利用英买9井区现有资料, 对泥岩涂抹因子进行了计算, 认为F6断层封闭性最好, F1断层其次。通过计算泥岩断层泥比确定有利断层的封烃高度, 再结合相邻区块已开发井位的烃柱高度, 优化计算英买9井区有利断层的封烃高度, 其中F6断层封烃高度可达19.09m, F1断层封烃高度为14.13m。研究结果对该区下一步井位部署具有一定的指导作用。     

基于视觉-前庭感知一致性的运动模拟可信度评价方法

目的提出以运动感知一致性作为运动模拟的可信度评价标准。方法以客观运动模拟测试(objective motion cueing test,OMCT)为基础,引入了视觉-前庭感知一致性理论,并以人的运动感知一致区为期望边界,从而修正运动模拟可信度评价函数。结果相比Advani-Hosman评价标准,本方法可获得更大的幅值可信度与相位可信度区域,扩大了运动模拟的边界。结论运动感知一致性更适合作为飞行训练运动模拟的可信度评价指标。     

利用PACS实施口腔内科根管治疗质量监控的初步研究

目的 探讨标准化方法监控根管治疗质量的应用效果和存在的问题.方法 5名评价者,采用随机、单盲、对照的方法,对存储于PACS中的根管治疗病例进行评价,使用社会科学统计程序(SPSS ver16.9)分析比较其评价结果.结果 随机抽取病例156例,根据根管治疗中的3个阶段4个方面分别给予评价.对于诊断片和定位片,5名评价者的评价结论无统计学差异；对于根管充填位置和密合程度的评价,存在统计学差异.结论 PACS可以作为临床质量监控的手段；管理者在使用PACS监控根管治疗质量时,应当首先进行标准化培训.