系统性健康教育对改善焦虑病人症状的影响

焦虑症是以焦虑、紧张、恐惧等情绪障碍为主,常伴有自主神经系统症状和运动性不安等[1].主要表现为惊恐发作和广泛性焦虑两种形式.随着社会的发展、生活节奏的加快、竞争的激烈、社会分工的多元化、婚姻的变故、考试的不理想等生活事件,使人们的精神压力大为增加[2].以往的传统求稳心态已落后于时代的发展,一种以焦虑情绪为主的神经症已成为一个时代的现代疾病.焦虑症的发展有逐年上升的趋势,已受到更多人的关注和注意.对焦虑症病人实施系统性的健康教育,降低焦虑症的复发率具有重要的意义.……     

“玉泉丸”颗粒剂的薄层色谱鉴别

古主“玉泉丸”改制成颗粒剂后，对处方中人参，黄芪，麦冬，乌梅，天花粉，葛根，甘草等七味中药的薄层色谱鉴别方法进行了探讨。     

181例病毒性心肌炎临床特点及心律失常类型

小儿病毒性心肌炎１８１例，其中暴发性及心源性休克型８例。其主要特点是：心脏增大（４３．４％），心律失常（９３．９％），其中早搏最多见（５９．９％）；传导阻滞（１５．５％）。作者认为应强调对Ⅱ°－Ⅱ型以上传导阻滞病情严重应给激素及临时起搏器抢救治疗；心电轴异常（３５．７％），亦是心肌炎的重要心电图改变之一。     

Chronic opioid treatment of neuroblastoma X dorsal root ganglion neuron hybrid F11 cells results in elevated GM1 ganglioside and cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels and onset of naloxone-evoked decreases in membrane K+ currents

Prolongation of the action potential duration of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons by low (nM) concentrations of opioids occurs through activation of excitatory opioid receptors that are positively coupled via G_s regulatory protein to adenylate cyclase. Previous results suggested GM1 ganglioside to have an essential role in regulating this excitatory response, but not the inhibitory (APD-shortening) response to higher (μM) opioid concentrations. Furthermore, it was proposed that synthesis of GM1 is upregulated by prolonged activation of excitatory opioid receptor functions. To explore this possibility we have utilized cultures of hybrid F11 cells to carry out closely correlated electrophysiological and biochemical analyses of the effects of chronic opioid treatment on a homogeneous population of clonal cells which express many functions characteristic of DRG neurons. We show that chronic opioid exposure of F11 cells does, in fact, result in elevated levels of GM1 as well as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP), concomitant with the onset of opioid excitatory supersensitivity as manifested by naloxone-evoked decreases in voltage-dependent membrane K⁺ currents. Such elevation of GM1 would be expected to enhance the efficacy of excitatory opioid receptor activation of the G_s/adenylate cyclase/cyclic AMP system, thereby providing a positive feedback mechanism that may account for the remarkable supersensitivity of chronic opioid-treated neurons to the excitatory effects of opioid agonists as well as antagonists. These in vitro findings may provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndromes and opioid-induced hyperalgesia after chronic opiatf addiction in vivo. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

肿瘤转移相关蛋白在甲状腺乳头状腺癌伴淋巴结转移组织中的原位表达研究

利用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法，研究甲状腺乳头状腺癌，甲状腺腺瘤和正常甲状腺组织中的肿瘤转移相关基因蛋白ＣＤ４４ｖ６，ＥＧＦＲ，转移抑制基因ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１和抑癌基因ｐ５３蛋白的原位表达。结果发现ＣＤ４４ｖ６和ＥＧＦＲ表达上调与肿瘤转移密切相关（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１），而ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１的表达与肿瘤转移抑制密切相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。这提示肿瘤转移相关基因和转移抑制基因之间的表达失衡是甲状腺乳头状腺癌易发生转移的重要原因。     

米非司酮配伍卡前列甲酯89例与米非司酮配伍米索前列醇110例终止早期妊娠的比较

目的：比较米非司酮配伍卡前列甲酯与米非司酮配伍米索前列醇终止早期妊娠的疗效。方法：妊娠≤４９ｄ孕妇１９９例，年龄２６±５ａ，随机分Ａ组８９例，Ｂ组１１０例。２组均用米非司酮２５ｍｇ，ｂｉｄ，３ｄ，于ｄ４，Ａ组阴道后穹窿置卡前列甲酯栓１ｍｇ。Ｂ组米索前列醇ｐｏ，６００μｇ。结果：Ａ和Ｂ组完全流产率各为８３％和９３．６％，经Ｘ２检验，Ｐ＜０．０５；胎囊排出时间，Ａ组４±５ｈ，Ｂ组３±６ｈ，２组无显著差异。结论：米非司酮配伍米索前列醇的抗早孕效果优于配伍卡前列甲酯。     

Cannabinoid receptor down-regulation without alteration of the inhibitory effect of CP 55,940 on adenylyl cyclase in the cerebellum of CP 55,940-tolerant mice

The objective of this study was to determine whether the development of tolerance to CP 55,940, a potent cannabinoid agonist, was due to changes in the receptor or second messenger system. ICR mice treated with CP 55,940 (2 mg/kg) twice a day for 6 and one-half days developed a high degree of tolerance to the pharmacological effects of CP 55,940. The ability of CP 55,940 to produce motor hypoactivity, hypothermia and immobility was reduced 163-, 97- and 19-fold, respectively. Evaluation of 3H-CP 55,940 binding to rat brain membranes indicated no difference in receptor affinity between the vehicle- and CP 55,940-treated animals. However, these binding studies revealed a 50% decrease in receptor number in the cerebellum of the CP 55,940-tolerant mice. Although cAMP is generally considered to be the second messenger for cannabinoid receptors, little difference was observed in the inhibitory effects of CP 55,940 on adenylyl cyclase activity in cerebellum between vehicle and drug-treated mice. However, there was an increase in receptor mRNA which suggests a compensation for receptor loss. There are several possible explanations for these results. There may be sufficient spare receptors such that CP 55,940-tolerant mice are capable of producing a maximal effect on the second messenger system. On the other hand, one could conclude that cannabinoid receptor down-regulation does not account for the development of tolerance to all of the effects of CP 55,940 in mice.     

氟罗沙星片剂,胶囊剂的人体药物动力学和相对生物利用度研究

9名男性健康自愿受试者采用三交叉单剂口服国产氛罗沙星片剂、胶囊和进口氟罗沙星片剂各400mg的药代动力学参数比较。血、尿药浓度用HPLC检测．结果表明：体内过程符合一室模型，主要药代动力学参数分别为：AUC：82.30±14．30、81．13±8．45与83．92±14.27h·mg／L；Cmax：4．71±0．83、4．67±0．51与4．86±0．89mg／L；Tmax：1．88±0．44、1．90±0．39与1．92±0．23h；T1／2ke：11．02±0．96、10．93±0．68与10．86±0．82h；V／F（c）：79．08±13．31、78.42±8．70与76．39±12．93L；Cl／F：5．00±0．98、4．98±0．52与4．88±0．73L／h。服药48h的尿中原型药排出率分别为给药量的57．4％，55．9％和60．7％。国产氧罗沙星片剂和胶囊口服后药物动力学参数与进口片剂相仿．其相对生物利用及分别为98.07％与96．68％。     

实验国际学校学生膳食及营养状况的调查

本文对南京实验国际学校369名6～11岁学生进行了膳食及营养状况的分析研究。结果表明：该校学生膳食中除视黄醇、钙及锌（9～11岁组）不足外，其余营养素和热能均超过推荐供应量。蛋白质量足质优。脂肪在一天总热能中比例较高．达到30％左右。该校学生营养过剩发生率达18．4％．提示该校食堂要注意学生膳食的合理调配．防止学生摄入过多脂肪和热能；同时建议增加含钙、锌高的食物供给，以补充其不足。     

广东省梅县乡(镇)卫生院卫生人力资源的现状调查分析

乡(镇)卫生院是农村三级医疗预防保健网的中心环节,是我国农村实现“2000年人人享有卫生保健”的关键。本文通过对广东省梅县乡(镇)一级卫生院卫生人力状况的调查分析,结果表明,目前该县乡镇卫生院的机构稳定,卫技人员占编比例合理,年龄较轻,成为今后农村卫生院发展的优势。但存在着卫生技术人员的总体数量不足,素质较差,各类专业技术人员的构成比例失调和层次分布不合理等问题,同时提出了如何加以改善的对策措施。